{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T23:04:07Z","timestamp":1791068647325,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pak J Med Sci"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To apply the more accurate technique for mandibular superimposition and provide a valuable reference for the assessment of mandibular tooth movement and condylar remodeling before and after orthodontic treatment.\r\nMethods: This retrospective study involved 38 adult patients who underwent two cone beam computer tomography (CBCT) scans at different stages of treatment at Fujian Provincial People\u2019s Hospital between September, 2020 and December, 2022. The software Dolphin was used for mandible segmentation, enabling voxel\u2010based mandibular superimposition with the mandibular ramus as the reference region. The Geomagic Wrap software was employed to process surface\u2010based mandibular superimposition with the mandibular ramus as a reference. Additionally, the voxel and surface\u2010based methods were compared for precision, with the mandibular ramus being the reference.\r\nResults: After voxel\u2010based mandibular superimposition using the mandibular ramus as a reference, with all measurement errors (&lt; 0.20 mm). In contrast, the results of surface\u2010based mandibular superimposition with the same reference, and the measurement errors were all less than 0.10 mm. The Wilcoxon signed\u2010rank test revealed statistically significant differences between AS1 and BS1, AS2 and BS2, AS3 and BS3, and AS4 and BS4 (all r&lt; 0.05). Moreover, the absolute mean distances of AS1-AS4 were all greater than those of BS1-BS4.\r\nConclusion: All mandibular superimposition procedures, including the voxel\u2010 and surface\u2010based ones using the mandibular ramus as a reference, have acceptable surface errors (&lt; 0.20 mm), indicating the good reliability of these techniques. Under the specified conditions, surface\u2010based mandibular superimposition appears to yield a higher degree of precision compared with the voxel\u2010based technique.\r\ndoi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12669\/pjms.40.8.8441\r\nHow to cite this: Lin G, Chen X, Shi X. A study on the precision of voxel- and surface-based mandibular superimposition. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(8):1802-1807. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12669\/pjms.40.8.8441\r\nThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.40.8.8441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T17:33:39Z","timestamp":1722533619000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A study on the precision of voxel- and surface-based mandibular superimposition"],"prefix":"10.12669","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Gengbing","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue-ting","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xie","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4935","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]]},"container-title":["Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pjms.org.pk\/index.php\/pjms\/article\/download\/8441\/2311","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pjms.org.pk\/index.php\/pjms\/article\/download\/8441\/2311","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T11:21:42Z","timestamp":1778325702000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pjms.org.pk\/index.php\/pjms\/article\/view\/8441"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12669\/pjms.40.8.8441","relation":{},"ISSN":["1681-715X","1682-024X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1681-715X","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1682-024X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]]}}}