{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T15:18:17Z","timestamp":1783178297313,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pak J Med Sci"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To determine the frequency and types of motor fluctuations in patients presenting with advanced Parkinson\u2019s disease at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan.\nMethodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Neurology, Dr. Ruth K.M Pfau Civil Hospital, Karachi, from 1st June 2025 to 30th November 2025. A total of one hundred patients aged 25-75 years with advanced Parkinson\u2019s disease were enrolled through consecutive non-probability sampling. Demographic, clinical, and disease-related variables were documented, motor fluctuations were systematically assessed using clinical impression of severity index for Parkinson disease (CISI-PD), and data were analyzed in SPSS v26 with Chi-square tests (p \u2264 0.05).\nResults: In this cohort of one hundred advanced Parkinson\u2019s disease patients, the mean age was 49.9 years (\u00b115.6), with a mean BMI of 27.5 (\u00b18.7) and average disease duration of 7.2 years (\u00b111.9). The sample included 51% men and 49% women. Motor fluctuations were reported in 42%, predominantly wearing off (28.6%) and dyskinesia (26.2%). No demographic, clinical, or treatment factor showed significant association (p&gt;0.05), though smokers exhibited a higher frequency (51.2% vs.35.1%, p = 0.080).\nConclusion: Wearing-off episodes and dyskinesia were the most common fluctuations in this study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.42.7.15138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T14:50:11Z","timestamp":1783176611000},"page":"1775-1779","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Frequency and types of motor fluctuations in patients presenting with advanced Parkinson\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.12669","volume":"42","author":[{"family":"Samiksha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Qamar-Un-Nisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Muhammad Irfan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Wajid Jawaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Sumera Rafat Umer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Sidra Jazil Faruqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4935","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]]},"container-title":["Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pjms.org.pk\/index.php\/pjms\/article\/download\/15138\/11540","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pjms.org.pk\/index.php\/pjms\/article\/download\/15138\/11540","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T14:50:11Z","timestamp":1783176611000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pjms.org.pk\/index.php\/pjms\/article\/view\/15138"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12669\/pjms.42.7.15138","relation":{},"ISSN":["1681-715X","1682-024X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1681-715X","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1682-024X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]]}}}