{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T05:06:09Z","timestamp":1772168769543,"version":"3.50.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.122708.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000}}],"reference-count":117,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"U.S. National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01 MH104030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 MH104030"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns4:p>We summarize selected research reports from 2021 relevant to Tourette syndrome that the authors consider most important or interesting. 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The figure was a labor of love by Dr Black and adding geographic information is beyond what we can offer, at least this year. We agree, however, that this information might be of interest!","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/11-716\/v2#referee-comment-8696","order":1,"name":"referee-comment-8696","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.138056.r154756, Erica L. Greenberg, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA, 14 Nov 2022, version 2, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/11-716\/v2#referee-response-154756","order":2,"name":"referee-response-154756","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>Kevin J Black<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 14 Nov 2022<\/i>; Thanks for the thoughtful comments. I agree with the comment about OCD and distress.  As to the FND and circularity question, I maintain that the Calgary child and adult tic databases do allow unbiased \/ noncircular conclusions. They included&nbsp;in the presumed-FND sample&nbsp;\n<i>every<\/i>&nbsp;tic patient with &quot;rapid onset of complex tic-like behaviors, with escalation to peak severity within hours to days.&quot;&nbsp;That implies that any other differences between the rapid-onset group and other tic patients cannot be explained by clinical bias. As an example, if the rapid-onset group has a significantly higher female-to-male ratio, then concluding that patients reporting female gender are more likely to have rapid onset of complex tic phenomena is not circular.  However, I agree that whether all rapid-onset complex tic patients are appropriately diagnosed with functional neurological symptom disorder is a separate question. Pringsheim, Martino and colleagues&nbsp; do present data supporting that hypothesis. My own lab has shown that &quot;sudden onset&quot; of tics, even defined much more conservatively,\n<sup>1<\/sup> is much more common in patients diagnosed at various referral centers with FND than in 89 typical patients seen on average 4 months after the start of ticcing&nbsp;(\n<i>p<\/i>&lt;.0005 for either comparison).\n<sup>2<\/sup>&nbsp;None of this latter group were diagnosed clinically with FND on follow-up at 12 months after tic onset. Thus at least the great majority of the rapid-onset groups from Calgary appear to have a different diagnosis that typical provisional tic disorder \/ TS.   1. In our study, &quot;sudden onset&quot; included those with simple tics only,&nbsp;and defined &quot;sudden&quot; either as the parents choosing &quot;sudden&quot; rather than &quot;gradual&quot; for the onset of the first tic, or as the PI concluding that tics began within the period of a single week. 2.&nbsp;Arbuckle A, Bihun EC, Schlaggar BL, Black KJ. Functional tic-like presentations differ strikingly from Provisional Tic Disorder [online]. OSF Preprints; 2022. doi:&nbsp;10.31219\/osf.io\/3u6bk","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/11-716\/v2#referee-comment-9019","order":3,"name":"referee-comment-9019","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"Grant information\nThis work was supported in part by the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH), grant R01 MH104030. The authors confirm that the funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.","order":4,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}