{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T12:13:24Z","timestamp":1780402404803,"version":"3.54.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.132881.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]],"date-time":"2024-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717718400000}}],"reference-count":29,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]],"date-time":"2024-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717718400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns4:p>\n                    Background Non-union fractures can be prevented with bone grafts, such as hydroxyapatite made from green mussel shells. Green mussel shells contain a high percentage of HA, making them a promising alternative for bone healing. This research aims to reveal the effectiveness of green mussel shell HA as a bone substitute material and to provide knowledge for further research. Methods This research was conducted for four months using a true experimental research method with a post-test-only control group design. This study used 36 New Zealand rabbits (\n                    <ns4:italic>Oryctolagus cuniculus<\/ns4:italic>\n                    ) which were divided into 9 groups: positive control, negative control, and intervention at weeks 2, 4 and 6 after the intervention. All groups were subjected to three general procedures: pre-surgery, surgery, and post-surgery. This study utilized histological evaluation and biochemical assessment, specifically measuring serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, to investigate the effects of hydroxyapatite (HA) from green mussel shells on bone healing in rabbits. Results The findings demonstrated that green mussel shell HA hashad efficacy in accelerating bone healing, better than HA bovine HA i.e. green mussel shell hydroxyapatite showed superior efficacy compared to bovine hydroxyapatite in accelerating and maximizing fracture healing, as compared to the 6-week negative control group and demonstrated a significant difference (\n                    <ns4:italic>p<\/ns4:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.05). Conclusions Green mussel hydroxyapatite is proven to be able to fasten and maximize the bone healing process as fast as bovine HA, and even has higher efficacy than bovine HA.\n                  <\/ns4:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.132881.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]],"date-time":"2024-06-07T10:35:08Z","timestamp":1717756508000},"page":"631","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The effect of green mussel (Perna viridis) shells\u2019 hydroxyapatite application on alkaline phosphatase levels in rabbit femur bone defect"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3821-8446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin Christian","family":"Tjandra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Novriansyah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8476-2971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward Kurnia Setiawan","family":"Limijadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lydia","family":"Kuntjoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meita","family":"Hendrianingtyas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/s10195-019-0528-0","article-title":"The \u2018diamond concept\u2019 for long bone non-union management.","volume":"20","author":"P Andrzejowski","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Orthop Traumatol."},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"Healing or hurting: development of highway public transportation technology.","volume":"18","author":"N Qamar","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Din Huk."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e535-e536","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(21)00183-5","article-title":"The global burden of fractures.","volume":"2","author":"J Cauley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Heal Longev."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e9215","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.9215","article-title":"Quality of life after hip fracture: A 12-month prospective study.","volume":"8","author":"F Amarilla-Donoso","year":"2020","journal-title":"PeerJ."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-021-03966-7","article-title":"Fractal lacunarity of trabecular bone in vertebral MRI to predict osteoporotic fracture risk in over-fifties women. 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status","group":{"name":"current-referee-status","label":"Current Referee Status"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.166847.r288127, George J Dias, University of Otago, Dunedin, 18 Jun 2024, version 2, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/12-631\/v2#referee-response-288127","order":0,"name":"referee-response-288127","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.145833.r200163, Happy Kurnia Permatasari, Fahrul Nurkolis, Rudy Kurniawan, Department of Biochemistry and Biomolecular, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, 06 Sep 2023, version 1, 2 approved with reservations, 1 not approved","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/12-631\/v1#referee-response-200163","order":1,"name":"referee-response-200163","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.145833.r200155, Maria Apriliani Gani, Pharmacology-Clinical Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, West Java, 06 Sep 2023, version 1, 2 approved with reservations, 1 not approved","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/12-631\/v1#referee-response-200155","order":2,"name":"referee-response-200155","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work","order":3,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}