{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T05:06:54Z","timestamp":1772168814703,"version":"3.50.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.133007.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]],"date-time":"2023-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698969600000}},{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.133007.2","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]],"date-time":"2023-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698969600000}}],"reference-count":25,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]],"date-time":"2023-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698969600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns3:p>Multiple myeloma is a common malignant bone-based disease. Pleural effusions reported in these patients remain rare. It is commonly due to congestive heart disease, pulmonary embolism, nephrotic syndrome or a second neoplasia. The true myelomatous pleural effusion resulting from a direct tumoral invasion of the pleural are extremely rare. We report here the case of a massive pleural effusion revealing multiple myeloma in a 71-year-old patient. The chest ultrasound showed a massive pleural effusion in the left side with a multinodular thickening of the pleura. The medical thoracoscopy showed a grape-cluster appearance. The diagnosis was made by pleural guided biopsy revealing abnormal plasma cells with an intense positive CD 138 (plasma cell marker) and MUM1 (multiple myeloma oncogene1) staining with a light kappa chain in the protein electrophoresis associated with a myeloma. Unfortunately, our patient died one month after the initial diagnosis. We present also a review of the recent literature in order to highlight the clinical presentations of the myelomatous pleural effusion, the diagnostic tools, the therapeutic strategies as well as the outcomes.<\/ns3:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.133007.3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]],"date-time":"2023-11-03T12:30:06Z","timestamp":1699014606000},"page":"476","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Case Report: A very rare case of a Pleural Effusion revealing Multiple Myeloma"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7732-8643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Selsabil","family":"Daboussi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asma","family":"Saidane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3284-426X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samira","family":"Mhamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marwa","family":"Kacem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samia","family":"Essbaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiraz","family":"Aichaouia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hela","family":"Ghedira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Faten","family":"Gargouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Issam","family":"Msakni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zied","family":"Moatemri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"259-264","article-title":"Myelomatous Pleural Effusion Case report and review of the literature.","volume":"11","author":"K Al-Farsi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sultan Qaboos Univ. 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