{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T22:17:54Z","timestamp":1791843474629,"version":"4.3.4"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.133230.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]],"date-time":"2024-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724112000000}}],"reference-count":33,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]],"date-time":"2024-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724112000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019305","name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019305","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns7:p>\n                    <ns7:italic>Background:<\/ns7:italic>\n                    Antimicrobial Photodynamic therapy for the treatment of periodontitis is being increasingly gaining attention but at present, very limited data are available on the clinical and microbiological outcomes obtained following Indocyanine Green as the photosensitizer in Maintenance patients. The objective was to evaluate the efficiency of Indocyanine(ICG)-green based photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in patients enrolled in maintenance therapy.\n                    <ns7:italic>Methodology:<\/ns7:italic>\n                    Using a split mouth study design, 24 participants enrolled in the maintenance therapy, having diagnosed as Periodontitis, were randomly subjected to scaling and root planing(SRP). The test group additionally received ICG-based (Aurogreen\n                    <ns7:sup>\u00ae<\/ns7:sup>\n                    , Aurolabs, Madurai, India,1mg\/ml) aPDT with an 810nm diode laser. Clinical assessment of Plaque index, modified Sulcus bleeding index, Probing pocket depth, Clinical loss of attachment and microbiological analysis of\n                    <ns7:italic>A. actinomycetemcomitans<\/ns7:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <ns7:italic>P. gingivalis, T. forsythia<\/ns7:italic>\n                    and\n                    <ns7:italic>F.nucleatum<\/ns7:italic>\n                    were performed at baseline and 3 months after treatment.\n                    <ns7:italic>Results:<\/ns7:italic>\n                    It was observed that although there was no significant difference between the test and control group at baseline and 3 months, there was a statistically significant reduction in the mean values in both the groups at 3 months. Microbiological analysis showed substantial reduction in detection frequency of the bacteria assessed at 3 months in both the groups.\n                    <ns7:italic>Conclusion:<\/ns7:italic>\n                    Within the limits of the study, ICG-based aPDT did not show additional advantage over SRP alone at 3 months, though it could be a promising treatment modality in maintenance patients in terms of patient comfort and the treatment time taken. More randomised clinical trials should be employed to understand the exact mode of action of ICG based aPDT and its role in treatment of periodontal disease.\n                  <\/ns7:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.133230.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]],"date-time":"2024-08-20T11:45:21Z","timestamp":1724154321000},"page":"949","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Indocyanine green based antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment in periodontal maintenance patients: a clinico-microbiological study"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Urbashi","family":"Roy Chowdhury","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8546-9590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepa","family":"Kamath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0717-783X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pooja","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1425-0097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suchitra","family":"Shenoy M","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3126-4415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramya","family":"Shenoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9-12","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2005.00112.x","article-title":"Microbiology of periodontal diseases: introduction.","volume":"38","author":"A Haffajee","year":"2005","journal-title":"Periodontol."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22-32","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.29.s2.4.x","article-title":"Clinical significance of non-surgical periodontal therapy: an evidence-based perspective of scaling and root planing.","volume":"29","author":"C Cobb","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. 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The timeline of treatment and its interval needs to be clarified. What was the time gap between the SRP and sample collection? \n<i><b>Response :&nbsp;<\/b>Changes done. PDT application was done at baseline and again after 14 days. However, the clinical and microbiological assessment was done at baseline and after 3 months only<\/i>  2. Authors state that the inclusion criteria is greater than 4 mm probing depth. However, the&Atilde;\u0082&Acirc;&nbsp; PD in both groups at baseline is less than 3 mm.  \n<i><b>Response:&nbsp;<\/b>The results were calculated as follows- <\/i> \n<i>Sum of pocket depth of test\/control sites of an individual divided by total number of sites of the selected teeth. <\/i> \n<i>However, the calculations are re-checked and changes in the values are made.<\/i>  3.The McNemars test results are not presented \n<i><b>Response: <\/b>Changes done. Table 4 has been added showing the results of Mc Nemar P Test. The same had been depicted graphically in the old version.<\/i>  4. Split mouth design with microbial assessment comparison between treatment and control has the chances of relocation of microbes \n<i><b>Response :&nbsp;<\/b>This has been mentioned as one of the drawbacks of the study. Besides, there are no statistical tests to detect carry-across effect. However, split mouth designs do provide with better standardisation in terms of reduced variability.  5.&nbsp;<\/i>PDT protocol is unclear. \n<i><b>Response:&nbsp;<\/b>Changes done. a-PDT was carried out at baseline after completion of full mouth SRP of the selected individuals and repeated after 14 days. The preparation of dye was according to the instructions provided in the product manual.&nbsp;<\/i>","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/12-949\/v2#referee-comment-12223","order":2,"name":"referee-comment-12223","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.170408.r318749, Anupama Rao, Yenepoya Dental college, Mangalore, 12 Sep 2024, version 2, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/12-949\/v2#referee-response-318749","order":3,"name":"referee-response-318749","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.170408.r322362, Biju Thomas, A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Science , Nitte University, Mangaluru, 13 Sep 2024, version 2, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/12-949\/v2#referee-response-322362","order":4,"name":"referee-response-322362","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"The study was partially funded by the Institutional Ethics Committee Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangaluru. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.","order":5,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}