{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T22:34:23Z","timestamp":1791326063634,"version":"4.3.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.149578.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]],"date-time":"2024-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728864000000}}],"reference-count":46,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]],"date-time":"2024-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"not applicable"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns3:p>Background Over the past few decades, World Health Organization (WHO) has made massive efforts to promote the development of a vaccine against Lassa virus (LASV), one of the top ten priority pathogens for research and development under the WHO R&amp;D Blueprint for Emerging Infections. To date, several vaccines are at different stages of development. In this scenario, a validated and standardised assay to measure LASV neutralising antibodies is urgently needed for vaccine development and comparison. Methods The neutralisation assay remains the gold standard for determining antibody efficacy. Here we have proposed a safe and validated pseudotyped neutralisation assay for LASV, taking advantage of the development of the first WHO International Standard and Reference Panel for Anti-Lassa Fever (NIBSC code 21\/332). Results and Conclusions The proposed results demonstrate that the pseudotyped luciferase neutralisation assay is a specific serological test for the measurement of LASV neutralising antibodies without cross-reacting with standard sera specific for heterologous viral infections. In addition, the assay is accurate, precise, and linear according to criteria and statistical analyses defined and accepted by international guidelines.<\/ns3:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.149578.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]],"date-time":"2024-10-14T13:25:10Z","timestamp":1728912310000},"page":"534","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A validated and standardized pseudotyped microneutralization assay as a safe and powerful tool to measure LASSA virus neutralising antibodies for vaccine development and comparison"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6884-7847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberta","family":"Antonelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Siena Italy 53100 Vismederi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3720-3879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vittoria","family":"Forconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Life-Science Siena University of Siena"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1056-4662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Molesti","family":"E","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siena Italy 53100 Vismederi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Semplici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siena Italy 53100 Vismederi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Piu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siena Italy 53100 Vismederi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Altamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siena Italy 53100 Vismederi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7897-4452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dapporto","family":"F","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siena Italy 53100 Vismederi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nigel","family":"Temperton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Pseudotype Unit, Medway School of Pharmacy, Kent University of Kent and Greenwich at Medway, Chatham"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Montomoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine Siena University of Siena"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manenti","family":"A","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siena Italy 53100 Vismederi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-018-0049-5","article-title":"Baseline mapping of Lassa fever virology, epidemiology and vaccine research and development.","volume":"3","author":"H Hallam","year":"2018 Mar 20","journal-title":"NPJ Vaccines."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459-473","DOI":"10.7555\/JBR.35.20210111","article-title":"Target specificity of selective bioactive compounds in blocking \u03b1-dystroglycan receptor to suppress Lassa virus infection: an insilico approach.","volume":"35","author":"A Arefin","year":"2021 Nov 6","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Res."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695-696","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1970.19.695","article-title":"An outbreak of Lassa fever on the Jos plateau, Nigeria, in January-February 1970. A preliminary report.","volume":"19","author":"J Troup","year":"1970 Jul","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e388","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000388","article-title":"Risk maps of Lassa fever in West Africa.","volume":"3","author":"E Fichet-Calvet","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27-57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idm.2022.11.010","article-title":"Understanding the transmission pathways of Lassa fever: A mathematical modeling approach.","volume":"8","author":"P Madueme","year":"2022 Nov 30","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Model."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245-248","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2502.180836","article-title":"Lassa Fever in Travelers from West Africa, 1969-2016.","volume":"25","author":"A Kofman","year":"2019 Feb","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00938-e00916","DOI":"10.1128\/genomeA.00938-16","article-title":"Genome Sequence of Lassa Virus Isolated from the First Domestically Acquired Case in Germany.","volume":"4","author":"S Wolff","year":"2016 Sep 22","journal-title":"Genome Announc."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e001116","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2018-001116","article-title":"Diagnostics for Lassa fever virus: a genetically diverse pathogen found in low-resource settings.","volume":"4","author":"L Mazzola","year":"2019 Feb 7","journal-title":"BMJ Glob. Health."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127-133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2012.10.038","article-title":"The role of proteolytic processing and the stable signal peptide in expression of the Old World arenavirus envelope glycoprotein ectodomain.","volume":"436","author":"D Burri","year":"2013 Feb 5","journal-title":"Virology."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084-1088","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.embor.embor7400002","article-title":"Identification of Lassa virus glycoprotein signal peptide as a trans-acting maturation factor.","volume":"4","author":"R Eichler","year":"2003 Nov","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11544","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11544","article-title":"Most neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies target novel epitopes requiring both Lassa virus glycoprotein subunits.","volume":"7","author":"J Robinson","year":"2016 May 10","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118-122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2019.08.001","article-title":"Current small animal models for LASV hearing loss.","volume":"37","author":"R Sattler","year":"2019 Aug","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Virol."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.3390\/biology9020026","article-title":"Determining Ancestry between Rodent- and Human-Derived Virus Sequences in Endemic Foci: Towards a More Integral Molecular Epidemiology of Lassa Fever within West Africa.","volume":"9","author":"A Olayemi","year":"2020 Feb 7","journal-title":"Biology (Basel)."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27-57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idm.2022.11.010","article-title":"Understanding the transmission pathways of Lassa fever: A mathematical modeling approach.","volume":"8","author":"P Madueme","year":"2022 Nov 30","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Model."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531-533","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000000013","article-title":"Epidemiology, symptoms, transmission, prevention, treatment, and future prospects of the Lassa fever outbreak: a potential study.","volume":"109","author":"M Islam","year":"2023 Mar 1","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150-158","DOI":"10.1159\/000490374","article-title":"Acute Lassa Virus Encephalitis with Lassa Virus in the Cerebrospinal Fluid but Absent in the Blood: A Case Report with a Positive Outcome.","volume":"10","author":"P Okokhere","year":"2018 Jul 3","journal-title":"Case Rep. Neurol."},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75-109","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-56029-3_4","article-title":"Lassa fever.","volume":"262","author":"J McCormick","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.3390\/v15010146","article-title":"Combating Lassa Fever in West African Sub-Region: Progress, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.","volume":"15","author":"C Aloke","year":"2023 Jan 3","journal-title":"Viruses."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63-67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2018.09.009","article-title":"The WHO R&D Blueprint: 2018 review of emerging infectious diseases requiring urgent research and development efforts.","volume":"159","author":"M Mehand","year":"2018 Nov","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2955-2962","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.04.071","article-title":"The use of pseudotypes to study viruses, virus sero-epidemiology and vaccination.","volume":"33","author":"E Bentley","year":"2015 Jun 12","journal-title":"Vaccine."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1-27","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-99-0113-5_1","volume":"1407","author":"Y Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pseudotyped Viruses. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126993","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2022.126993","article-title":"Application of pseudovirus system in the development of vaccine, antiviral-drugs, and neutralizing antibodies.","volume":"258","author":"Q Xiang","year":"2022 May","journal-title":"Microbiol. Res."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"iqab005","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfimm\/iqab005","article-title":"The role of pseudotype neutralization assays in understanding SARS CoV-2.","volume":"2","author":"D Cantoni","year":"2021 Mar 13","journal-title":"Oxf. Open Immunol."},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.3390\/mps1010008","article-title":"Pseudotype Neutralization Assays: From Laboratory Bench to Data Analysis.","volume":"1","author":"F Ferrara","year":"2018 Jan 22","journal-title":"Methods Protoc."},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10768-10775","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00941-08","article-title":"Identification of a broad-spectrum arenavirus entry inhibitor.","volume":"82","author":"R Larson","year":"2008 Nov","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111-120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2006.05.018","article-title":"Receptor use by pathogenic arenaviruses.","volume":"353","author":"T Reignier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Virology."},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.3390\/v12091011","article-title":"Characterisation of SARS-CoV-2 Lentiviral Pseudotypes and Correlation between Pseudotype-Based Neutralisation Assays and Live Virus-Based Micro Neutralisation Assays.","volume":"12","author":"I Hyseni","year":"2020 Sep 10","journal-title":"Viruses."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1186\/s41182-021-00390-4","article-title":"The deuce-ace of Lassa Fever, Ebola virus disease and COVID-19 simultaneous infections and epidemics in West Africa: clinical and public health implications.","volume":"49","author":"N Nnaji","year":"2021 Dec 30","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Health."},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5707-5709","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.27169","article-title":"Lassa fever and COVID-19 in Africa: A double crisis on the fragile health system.","volume":"93","author":"M Hasan","year":"2021 Oct","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0279467","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0279467","article-title":"Epidemiological trends of Lassa fever in Nigeria, 2018-2021.","volume":"17","author":"M Dalhat","year":"2022 Dec 30","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1066-1074","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2506.181035","article-title":"Nigeria Lassa Fever National Response Team. Epidemiologic and clinical features of Lassa fever outbreak in Nigeria, January 1-May 6, 2018.","volume":"25","author":"E Ilori","year":"2019","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1-11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2019.03.008","article-title":"Vaccine platforms for the prevention of Lassa fever.","volume":"215","author":"J Purushotham","year":"2019 Nov","journal-title":"Immunol. Lett."},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30299-1","article-title":"Lassa Fever outbreak continues across Nigeria.","volume":"20","author":"S Bagcchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00549","article-title":"Infectious disease threats in the twenty-first century: strengthening the global response.","volume":"10","author":"D Bloom","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.3390\/v11090781","article-title":"The Role of Reference Materials in the Research and Development of Diagnostic Tools and Treatments for Haemorrhagic Fever Viruses.","volume":"11","author":"G Mattiuzzo","year":"2019 Aug 24","journal-title":"Viruses."},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4059","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17892-0","article-title":"A high-throughput neutralizing antibody assay for COVID-19 diagnosis and vaccine evaluation.","volume":"11","author":"A Muruato","year":"2020 Aug 13","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174-185","DOI":"10.1080\/14760584.2023.2299380","article-title":"Pseudoviruses, a safer toolbox for vaccine development against enveloped viruses.","volume":"23","author":"S Thimmiraju","year":"2024","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Vaccines."},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8484","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-26822-6","article-title":"Development of in vitro and in vivo neutralization assays based on the pseudotyped H7N9 virus.","volume":"8","author":"Y Tian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2286-2294","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2019.1627820","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo efficacy of a rift valley fever Virus vaccine based on pseudovirus.","volume":"15","author":"J Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccines Immunother."},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1-6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2009.02.025","article-title":"Development of a neutralization assay for nipah virus using pseudotype particles.","volume":"160","author":"A Tamin","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Virol. Methods."},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195-204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2019.01.027","article-title":"Comparative study of chikungunya Virus-Like Particles and Pseudotyped-Particles used for serological detection of specific immunoglobulin M.","volume":"529","author":"G Theillet","year":"2019","journal-title":"Virology."},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705-719","DOI":"10.4161\/hv.5.10.9518","article-title":"Comparison of the immunogenicity and safety of Cervarix and Gardasil human papillomavirus (HPV) cervical cancer vaccines in healthy women aged 18-45 years.","volume":"5","author":"M Einstein","year":"2009 Oct","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccin."},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061825. 23650505; PMCID: PMC3641072","article-title":"A randomized, observer-blinded immunogenicity trial of Cervarix(\u00ae) and Gardasil(\u00ae) Human Papillomavirus vaccines in 12-15 year old girls.","volume":"8","author":"E Draper","year":"2013 May 1","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"ref45","article-title":"2021 WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization. WHO\/BS\/2021.2406.","author":"G Mattiuzzo"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20201181","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20201181","article-title":"Measuring SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody activity using pseudotyped and chimeric viruses.","volume":"217","author":"F Schmidt","year":"2020 Nov 2","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref47","article-title":"A validate and standardized pseudotyped microneutralization assay as a safe and powerful tool to measure LASSA neutralising antibodies for vaccine development and comparison.","author":"R Antonelli","year":"2024","journal-title":"BioStudies."}],"container-title":["F1000Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/13-534\/v2\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/13-534\/v2\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/13-534\/v2\/iparadigms","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T14:49:07Z","timestamp":1790779747000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/13-534\/v2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]]},"references-count":46,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.149578.2","relation":{"has-version":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.12688\/f1000research.149578.1","asserted-by":"subject"}],"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5256\/f1000research.172528.r331606","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5256\/f1000research.172528.r331606","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2046-1402"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2046-1402","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/13-534\/v2#article-reports","order":0,"name":"referee-status","label":"Referee status","group":{"name":"current-referee-status","label":"Current Referee Status"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.164058.r299463, Jesse Bloom, Caleb Carr, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 16 Jul 2024, version 1, 1 approved, 1 approved with reservations","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/13-534\/v1#referee-response-299463","order":0,"name":"referee-response-299463","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>roberta antonelli<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 27 Sep 2024<\/i>; \n<b>Jesse D Bloom <\/b> SPECIFIC COMMENTS:  - \n<i><b>Title should say &quot;validated&quot; not &quot;validate&quot;<\/b><\/i> &nbsp; &nbsp;the correction has been incorporated  - \n<i><b>Title should say &quot;Lassa virus&quot; not &quot;LASSA&quot; <\/b><\/i>. the correction has been incorporated  -\n<i><b> Abstract: there is a typo where it says &quot;LSV&quot; rather than &quot;LASV&quot; <\/b><\/i>&nbsp; the correction has been incorporated  - I\n<i><b>ntroduction: in the paragraph beginning &quot;LASV case fatality rates (CFRs) differ between countries...&quot; there is some sort of typo where it says the CFR is &quot;69%65&quot;. More generally, case fatality rates can depend heavily on the efficiency of how many non-severe infections are detected as cases, so this comparison may reflect more about the case ascertainment in different countries than the actual severity of disease following infection.<\/b><\/i> The paragraph was rewritten  - \n<i><b>In the paragraph beginning &quot;Improvement in the development of Lassa vaccine and treatments has been hampered...&quot; it might be better to say &quot;complicated&quot; rather than &quot;hampered&quot;. The word &quot;hampered&quot; implies it is a bad thing that Lassa is a BSL-4 pathogen, but there are good reasons for this classification given the severity of the virus. <\/b><\/i> the correction has been incorporated  - \n<i><b>Citations should be made to prior work that has pseudotyped LASV GPC using methods similar to those in this paper. For instance, see the following PMIDs: (Carr et al.,2024), (Larson et al.,2004), (Reignier et al.,2006), (Kunz et al.,2005)<\/b><\/i> the references has been incorporated  - \n<i><b>Figure 1: I assume &quot;CC CTR&quot; refers to some type of negative control, but the figure legend does not provide an explanation of what that means.<\/b><\/i> Explanation in the figure legend has been incorporated  - \n<i><b>The paper should provide more details on the five anti-LASV reference sera including what they represent and how they were obtained<\/b><\/i>. In the paragraph 3.2 we have explained that is a panel from MHRA Lassa panel 21\/332 established by an expert committed . In the material and method and in the main , we introduced the detail of this WHO International Reference Panel for anti-Lassa fever virus antibodies&nbsp; NIBSC code: 21\/332. This panel is commercially available from NIBCShttps:\/\/nibsc.org\/products\/brm_product_catalogue\/detail_page.aspx?catid=21\/332  - \n<i><b>The images in Figure 2 are very low resolution and clipped on the right side.<\/b><\/i> We have improved the image quality  - \n<i><b>First paragraph of the discussion: this claim seems dubious; is there actually evidence that COVID-19 increased occurrences of Lassa fever? Lassa was causing infections long before COVID-19 and the two seem largely unrelated.<\/b><\/i> The sentence was rewritten  - \n<i><b>Second sentence of Discussion: should be &quot;increased&quot; not &quot;improved&quot;<\/b><\/i> The change has been made the correction has been incorporated  - S\n<i><b>econd-to-last paragraph of Discussion: should be &quot;LASV GPC&quot; not &quot;LASSA-GP<\/b><\/i>&quot; the correction has been incorporated  - \n<i><b>Methods: Incomplete sentence in section 2.3: \u201cFor LASV pseudotype production, approximately 4.5x106 HEK293T\/17 cells.\u201d<\/b><\/i> the correction has been incorporated  - \n<i><b>Discussion: five instances of typo where it says \u201cLSV\u201d instead of \u201cLASV\u201d <\/b><\/i> he corrections have been incorporated  -\n<i><b> Figures 3, 5, and 6 do not have legends. Adding legends will help with interpreting the plots<\/b><\/i> the legends have been incorporated  -\n<i><b> Figure 6 has the following typos &quot;Standars agaist other infection&quot; and &quot;Negative serum F pannel&quot;<\/b><\/i> the correction has been incorporated","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/13-534\/v2#referee-comment-12532","order":1,"name":"referee-comment-12532","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>roberta antonelli<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 27 Sep 2024<\/i>; SPECIFIC COMMENTS: - \n<i><b>Title should say &quot;validated&quot; not &quot;validate&quot;<\/b><\/i> &nbsp; &nbsp;the correction has been incorporated - T\n<i><b>itle should say &quot;Lassa virus&quot; not &quot;LASSA&quot; .<\/b><\/i> the correction has been incorporated - A\n<i><b>bstract: there is a typo where it says &quot;LSV&quot; rather than &quot;LASV&quot; &nbsp;<\/b><\/i>the correction has been incorporated - \n<i><b>Introduction: in the paragraph beginning &quot;LASV case fatality rates (CFRs) differ between countries...&quot; there is some sort of typo where it says the CFR is &quot;69%65&quot;. More generally, case fatality rates can depend heavily on the efficiency of how many non-severe infections are detected as cases, so this comparison may reflect more about the case ascertainment in different countries than the actual severity of disease following infection.<\/b><\/i> The paragraph was rewritten - I\n<i><b>n the paragraph beginning &quot;Improvement in the development of Lassa vaccine and treatments has been hampered...&quot; it might be better to say &quot;complicated&quot; rather than &quot;hampered&quot;. The word &quot;hampered&quot; implies it is a bad thing that Lassa is a BSL-4 pathogen, but there are good reasons for this classification given the severity of the virus. <\/b><\/i> the correction has been incorporated -\n<i><b>Citations should be made to prior work that has pseudotyped LASV GPC using methods similar to those in this paper. For instance, see the following PMIDs: (Carr et al.,2024), (Larson et al.,2004), (Reignier et al.,2006), (Kunz et al.,2005)<\/b><\/i> the references has been incorporated - \n<i><b>Figure 1: I assume &quot;CC CTR&quot; refers to some type of negative control, but the figure legend does not provide an explanation of what that means<\/b><\/i>. Explanation in the figure legend has been incorporated - \n<i><b>The paper should provide more details on the five anti-LASV reference sera including what they represent and how they were obtained.<\/b><\/i> In the paragraph 3.2 we have explained that is a panel from MHRA Lassa panel 21\/332 established by an expert committed . In the material and method and in the main , we introduced the detail of this WHO International Reference Panel for anti-Lassa fever virus antibodies&nbsp; NIBSC code: 21\/332. This panel is commercially available from NIBCShttps:\/\/nibsc.org\/products\/brm_product_catalogue\/detail_page.aspx?catid=21\/332 - \n<i><b>The images in Figure 2 are very low resolution and clipped on the right side.<\/b><\/i> We have improved the image quality - \n<i><b>First paragraph of the discussion: this claim seems dubious; is there actually evidence that COVID-19 increased occurrences of Lassa fever? Lassa was causing infections long before COVID-19 and the two seem largely unrelated.<\/b><\/i> The sentence was rewritten - \n<i><b>Second sentence of Discussion: should be &quot;increased&quot; not &quot;improved&quot;<\/b><\/i> The change has been made the correction has been incorporated - \n<i><b>Second-to-last paragraph of Discussion: should be &quot;LASV GPC&quot; not &quot;LASSA-GP&quot;<\/b><\/i> the correction has been incorporated - \n<i><b>Methods: Incomplete sentence in section 2.3: \u201cFor LASV pseudotype production, approximately 4.5x106 HEK293T\/17 cells<\/b><\/i>. \u201d the correction has been incorporated - \n<i><b>Discussion: five instances of typo where it says \u201cLSV\u201d instead of \u201cLASV\u201d<\/b><\/i> the corrections have been incorporated - \n<i><b>Figures 3, 5, and 6 do not have legends. Adding legends will help with interpreting the plots the<\/b><\/i> legends have been incorporated -\n<b> Figure 6 has the following typos &quot;Standars agaist other infection&quot; and &quot;Negative serum F pannel&quot;<\/b> the correction has been incorporated","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/13-534\/v2#referee-comment-12533","order":2,"name":"referee-comment-12533","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.172528.r331606, Jinwoo Lee, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, 06 Nov 2024, version 2, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/13-534\/v2#referee-response-331606","order":3,"name":"referee-response-331606","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work","order":4,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}