{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T05:08:45Z","timestamp":1772168925779,"version":"3.50.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.151518.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756857600000}},{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.151518.2","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756857600000}}],"reference-count":25,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756857600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns3:p>Introduction The profunda femoris artery (PFA) is the largest branch of the femoral artery supplying the thigh. The study reports a rare occurrence of bilateral double profunda artery in a male cadaver, aiming to inform surgeons of such variations to avoid complications during surgical interventions. Methods This study was conducted during routine dissections using 5-10% formalin-fixed lower limbs of a male cadaver at the Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, UAE Results In the right lower limb, two profunda femoris artery (PFA) branches arise from the common femoral artery (CFA) 5 cm from the inguinal ligament, one laterally and one posteromedially. The medial (MCFA) and lateral circumflex (LCFA) arteries branch from these PFAs respectively. The femoral nerve is anterior to the lateral PFA and LCFA and lateral to the posteromedial PFA. The obturator nerve runs posterior to the posteromedial PFA. In the left lower limb, two PFAs originate from the CFA, 2.5 and 5 cm from the inguinal ligament, lateral and posterior to the CFA, respectively. The LCFA stems from the upper lateral branch of the duplicated PFA, while the medial MCFA arises from the CFA. The femoral nerve lies anterior to both the PFA and LCFA. The obturator nerve is posterior to the MCFA. The femoral vein crosses over the MCFA and the lower posterior PFA, distal to the MCFA origin. Conclusion This report enriches understanding of PFA anatomy and its variations, emphasizing the importance of tailored surgical approaches to minimize risks and ensure procedure success.<\/ns3:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.151518.3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T10:05:08Z","timestamp":1756893908000},"page":"1528","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Case Report: Rare Bilateral Double Profunda Femoris Artery Variation: Clinical Implications and Considerations"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9289-7275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prasanna","family":"Gaydhanker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7961-9396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soumya","family":"Vinod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ernest","family":"Adeghate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8956-6048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sahar","family":"Mohsin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"AC01-03","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2015\/13913.5876","article-title":"Cadaveric Study of Profunda Femoris Artery with Some Unique Variations.","volume":"9","author":"S Rajani","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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We greatly appreciate your insights and thoughtful comments. In response, we have revised the manuscript according to your suggestions and are grateful for your constructive input.  What do you mean by upper PFA in the sentence, \u2018\u2026The LCFA stems from the upper PFA\u2026..\u2019  \n<b>Thank you for your valuable feedback. In our sentence, \u201cThe LCFA stems from the upper PFA\u2026\u201d, the term &quot;upper PFA&quot; refers to the first PFA (Profunda Femoris Artery), which originates laterally from the CFA, approximately 2.5 cm from the inguinal ligament.<\/b> As described later in the manuscript,\n<b> \u2018on page 6 under section heading<\/b> \u2018Origin of double profunda femoral arteries in the left thigh region of the lower limb\u201d \u2018The first PFA commences laterally from the CFA, approximately 2.5 centimetres from the inguinal ligament, while the second PFA originates below the first one at a distance of 5 centimetres from the inguinal ligament and is posterior to the CFA at its commencement and later traverses laterally to the \u2018femoral artery\u2019. The lower posterior PFA is bigger than the upper lateral PFA. \n<b>To maintain clarity and consistency, we have revised the term &quot;upper PFA&quot; to &quot;upper lateral PFA\u201d &nbsp;in the abstract and in the manuscript <\/b> \n<b>To improve the clarity in the abstract, we have rephrased the sentence as \u2018The LCFA stems from the upper lateral PFA, while the medial MCFA arises from the CFA.\u201d<\/b>  Background:  1. The femoral artery is does not originate from the 'external iliac artery'. It is a continuation of the 'external iliac artery'. Please rephrase.  \n<b>Done<\/b>  2. Replace '...opening in the adductor magnus' with '  \n<b>Commas are deleted from the adductor magnus and the popliteal artery.<\/b>  3. Remove the inverted comma in the sentence...and the \u2018medial\u2019 and \u2018posterior\u2019 compartments of the thigh... \n<b>Done<\/b>  4. What is LCFA? Write the full form. \n<b>Done for both LCFA and MCFA<\/b>  5. Remove the sentence&nbsp;https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lateral_circumflex_femoral_artery&nbsp;.from the main text. Please do not reference wikipedia. \n<b>Done<\/b>  Methods:  Did you dissect one cadaver or many cadavers? It is not very clear here. How many cadavers or lower limbs were dissected.   \n<b>This case report is based on the findings from one male cadaver. We have mentioned it in the ethics and consent statement, and now added to the methodology section as well.<\/b> &nbsp;  Please mention that these cadavers were donated through the body donation program for teaching and research purpose in the methodology section also.  \n<b>Done<\/b>  Do you have more information about the cadaver such as age, race, height, or cause of death. It should be available in the body donation documents. Please include if available.  \n<b>We have shared the patient consent form with the journal but it is not possible to publish any personal data as per ethical guidelines.<\/b> &nbsp;  Cunninghams Manual of Practical Anatomy (Mention the full name of the book) and reference it.   \n<b>Done. Thanks for bringing to our attention.<\/b> &nbsp;  Please remove the \u2018\u2026..\u2019 inverted commas from the sentence, \u201cIt was observed that the \u2018femoral artery\u2019 follows\u2026\u201d Also, please remove the commas from all other words throughout the manuscript. There is no need to put the inverted commas.  \n<b>Done.<\/b>  Discussion:  You have mentioned that the variation can pose crucial implications for medical professionals. What procedures can be implicated or complicated due to this variation. List a few.  \n<b>We rephrased the paragraph and added some surgical procedures as requested.<\/b>  Does nerve damage compromise blood supply? How and Why? Provide references to support the text.  We expanded the following text to further explain the statement \u2018Pathologies like aneurysms impacting arteries can affect adjacent nerves, and nerve damage can impair blood flow \n<b>by weakening the muscles, which in turn disrupts the function of the musculovenous pump, <\/b>potentially leading to ischemic issues\n<sup>\u201d<\/sup>. We added the following reference to support this statement. Casey DP, Hart EC. Cardiovascular function in humans during exercise: role of the muscle pump. J Physiol. 2008 Nov 1;586(21):5045-6. doi: 10.1113\/jphysiol.2008.162123.  How and why does vasculitis affect the adjacent nerves? Justify using references  \n<b>We have expanded the text to explain the concept by adding this statement \u2018Nerves depend on a consistent and sufficient blood supply to function properly, and if the arteries delivering blood to a nerve become inflamed or damaged due to vasculitis, it can result in vasculitic neuropathies. Additionally, pro-inflammatory cytokines released during vasculitis can directly target nerves.<\/b>  \n<b>We have added two references that explain the mechanisms in detail:-  Landman, A.; Levine, M.; De Le&oacute;n, A. M. Vasculitic Neuropathies.&nbsp;<i>Current Treatment Options in Neurology<\/i>&nbsp;2024,&nbsp;<i>26<\/i>&nbsp;(3), 67\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11940-024-00782-x.   Gwathmey, K. G.; Burns, T. M.; Collins, M. P.; Dyck, P. J. B. Vasculitic Neuropathies.&nbsp;<i>The Lancet Neurology<\/i>&nbsp;2014; <i>13<\/i>&nbsp;(1), 67\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70236-9.<\/b>  \n<b>Acknowledgments:<\/b>  Replace the phrase \u201c\u2026for taking care\u2019 of the cadavers to \u2018preservation and maintenance of the cadavers\u2019. &nbsp;  \n<b>Done<\/b>  \n<b>References:<\/b>  Include references from recent publications if available. Maybe last 3 years.  \n<b>We have included recent references from 2021 and 2024; however, due to the rarity of this anomaly, there are limited recent publications available<\/b>","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/13-1528\/v3#referee-comment-13727","order":2,"name":"referee-comment-13727","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.179501.r395216, Yasith Mathangasinghe, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, 20 Aug 2025, version 2, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/13-1528\/v2#referee-response-395216","order":3,"name":"referee-response-395216","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.179501.r393299, Athikhun Suwannakhan, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 29 Aug 2025, version 2, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/13-1528\/v2#referee-response-393299","order":4,"name":"referee-response-393299","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work","order":5,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}