{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T04:31:08Z","timestamp":1786336268183,"version":"build-2736575974"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.153383.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000}},{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.153383.2","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000}}],"reference-count":64,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Japan"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns5:p>\n                    The utilization of zein and gum arabic has grown in an attempt to formulate wall materials based on protein\u2013polysaccharide complexes. This mixture provides a versatile delivery system for hydrophilic (guava leaf extract, GLE) or lipophilic (fish oil, FO) bioactive compounds, and it can be used as an edible film-forming polymer. This study was undertaken to characterize FO-containing edible films that were double-layered with a film containing GLE. Modified zein and gum arabic solutions (MG complex) were mixed at a ratio of 1:1.5 (v\/v), adjusted to pH 5, added with glycerol (20% of the complex) and FO (5% of the complex), and finally adjusted to pH 5. This was prepared as the bottom\/lower layer. The upper\/active layer was prepared by mixing MG complex, glycerol, and GLE (1, 3, and 5% w\/v of the complex). The total phenolic and flavonoid contents in GLE were 15.81 mg GAE\/g extract and 6.99 mg QE\/g extract, respectively. The IC50 of the DPPH radical scavenging activity of GLE was 26.86 ppm with antibacterial activity against\n                    <ns5:italic>Bacillus subtilis<\/ns5:italic>\n                    and\n                    <ns5:italic>Escherichia coli<\/ns5:italic>\n                    of 9.83 and 12.55 mm. The total plate counts of double-layered films containing GLE were retained below 3 log CFU\/g during 28-day storage. The peroxide values of these films were dimmed for no more than 9.08 meq\/kg sample on day 28 of storage. Thickness (872.00-971.67 \u03bcm), water vapor transmission rate (12.99-17.04 g\/m\n                    <ns5:sup>2<\/ns5:sup>\n                    \/day), tensile strength (1.56-2.02 kPa), elongation at break (61.53-75.41%), glass transition (52.74-57.50\u00b0C), melting peak (131.59-142.35\u00b0C), inhibition against\n                    <ns5:italic>B. subtilis<\/ns5:italic>\n                    (33.67-40.58 mm), and inhibition against\n                    <ns5:italic>E. coli<\/ns5:italic>\n                    (2.05-9.04 mm) were obtained by double-layered films. GLE can be successfully incorporated into the active layer of a double-layer film to improve its characteristics while significantly slowing down the microbial contamination and oxidation rate. MG complex and FO can also contribute to the performance of the edible film.\n                  <\/ns5:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.153383.3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T04:24:08Z","timestamp":1786335848000},"page":"816","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fish Oil-Containing Edible Films with Active Film Incorporated with Extract of Psidium Guajava Leaves: Preparation and Characterization of Double-Layered Edible Film"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8039-1096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aji","family":"Sukoco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shobara Hiroshima 727 0023 Graduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research, Prefectural University of Hiroshima"},{"name":"Study Program of Agricultural Product Technology Jember East Java 68121 Universitas Jember"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukihiro","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Bioresource Sciences Nanatsuka-cho 5562, Shobara Hiroshima 727 0023 Prefectural University of Hiroshima"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0839-5193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Harada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Bioresource Sciences Nanatsuka-cho 5562, Shobara Hiroshima 727 0023 Prefectural University of Hiroshima"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Bioresource Sciences Nanatsuka-cho 5562, Shobara Hiroshima 727 0023 Prefectural University of Hiroshima"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoyuki","family":"Yoshino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Bioresource Sciences Nanatsuka-cho 5562, Shobara Hiroshima 727 0023 Prefectural University of Hiroshima"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419-424","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2014.155","article-title":"Omega-3 Supplementation during the First 5 Years of Life and Later Academic Performance: A Randomised Controlled Trial.","volume":"69","author":"B Brew","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. 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