{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T05:07:31Z","timestamp":1772168851071,"version":"3.50.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.156336.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738195200000}}],"reference-count":38,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738195200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Final Assignment Recognition Program (Rekognisi Tugas Akhir) - Universitas Gadjah Mada","award":["5286\/UN1.P1\/PT.01.03\/2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5286\/UN1.P1\/PT.01.03\/2024"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns3:p>\n                    Introduction Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) is the material of choice for pulp therapy. However, Ca(OH)2 has drawbacks such as toxicity, poor sealing, and tunnel defect formation. Alternative materials have been developed to provide more biocompatible materials with better dentin formation ability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of composites containing gelatin (G), chitosan (CH), tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), and Ca(OH)2, namely G-CH-TEOS-Ca (OH)2 (Extended data) on inflammation of the dental pulp (expression of COX-2, PGP 9.5, TNF-\u03b1, and neutrophil number). Materials and methods A total of 16 Wistar rat models of acute pulp injury were prepared and divided into two groups, treatment and control, 8 with each. In the treatment group, we applied a pulp-capping material using G-CH-TEOS-Ca (OH)2 and Ca(OH)2. On the 1\n                    <ns3:sup>st<\/ns3:sup>\n                    and 3\n                    <ns3:sup>rd<\/ns3:sup>\n                    days, rats were sacrificed. Tissue samples from 4 rats in each group were processed for histological preparation. COX-2, PGP 9.5, and TNF-\u03b1 were observed using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, and neutrophil numbers were observed using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Image analysis of COX-2, PGP 9.5, and TNF-\u03b1 expression was performed using ImageJ software. Results The results showed a decrease in COX-2 expression, but not significantly while PGP 9.5 and TNF-\u03b1 expression were significantly higher than those in the control group. Neutrophil numbers were lower in the treatment group than in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion The G-CH-TEOS-Ca (OH)2 composite material may have potential as an exposed pulp medicament by reducing inflammation (COX-2 expression and number of neutrophils) and increasing the regeneration factor (TNF-\u03b1 expression) and nerve (PGP 9.5 expression).\n                  <\/ns3:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.156336.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T11:45:10Z","timestamp":1738237510000},"page":"1258","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluating the Efficacy of Gelatin-Chitosan-Tetraethyl Orthosilicate Calcium Hydroxide Composite as a Dental Pulp Medicament on\u00a0 COX-2, PGP 9.5, TNF-\u03b1 Expression and Neutrophil number"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Al-qatta","family":"Ghadah Abdulrahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Endytiastuti","family":"Endytiastuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4995-6567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Retno","family":"Ardhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iwa","family":"Sutardjo Rus Sudarso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bidhari","family":"Pidhatika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6449-639X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mh Busra","family":"Fauzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0808-7465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heni","family":"Susilowati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yulita","family":"Kristanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2102-6141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juni","family":"Handajani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"27","article-title":"Dental caries: a current understanding and implications.","volume":"1","author":"R Quock","year":"2015 Jan 1","journal-title":"J. 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We have made revision according to the reviewer's suggestion, including: 1. Revision of the research title 2. Rewritten of the introduction 3. Addition of explanations on research methods and observations 4. Revision of research results and Figures 1, 6 and 7, and descriptions 5. Addition of research discussion and references 6. Revision of the conclusion Thank you","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/13-1258\/v2#referee-comment-13182","order":1,"name":"referee-comment-13182","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.171629.r354056, Euis Reni Yuslianti, Biology Oral and Biomedicine Department, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi, West Java, 16 Jan 2025, version 1, 1 approved, 1 not approved","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/13-1258\/v1#referee-response-354056","order":2,"name":"referee-response-354056","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>Juni Handajani<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 21 Jan 2025<\/i>; Dear Reviewer,  Thank you for your valuable sugggestion to improve our manuscript. We have revised the discussion by adding previous research findings that support the results of this study. Thank you.","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/13-1258\/v2#referee-comment-13183","order":3,"name":"referee-comment-13183","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.177286.r363804, Caroline Anselmi, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Araraquara, 08 Feb 2025, version 2, 1 approved, 1 approved with reservations, 1 not approved","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/13-1258\/v2#referee-response-363804","order":4,"name":"referee-response-363804","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>Juni Handajani<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 12 Feb 2025<\/i>; Dear reviewer,  Thank you very much for your valuable suggestions. We revised the manuscript according to the reviewer's suggestion in the Abstract Conclusion by removing the number of neutrophils. In the introduction, an explanation has been added regarding the composition of the G-CH-TEOS-Ca (OH)2 material in accordance with previous studies. The results of the study have been added to the explanation of the statistical analysis of homogeneity, normality and ANOVA analysis. Changes are also made to the contents of Table 1 which previously contained the results of the Post hoc LSD analysis to the results of the ANOVA analysis, while the results of the Post hoc LSD analysis are shown in Figure 6. Figure 7 which previously displayed the graph of the number of neutrophils has been removed. The graph of the number of neutrophils has been moved and combined with Figure 6.","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/13-1258\/v2#referee-comment-13335","order":5,"name":"referee-comment-13335","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"This study was supported by Universitas Gadjah Mada through Rekognisi Tugas Akhir (Final Assignment Recognition Program) Contract No. 5286\/UN1. P1\/PT.01.03\/2024. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.","order":6,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}