{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T05:09:14Z","timestamp":1772168954711,"version":"3.50.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.16225.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613952000000}}],"reference-count":18,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613952000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns3:p>\n                    <ns3:bold>Background:<\/ns3:bold>\n                    There are a number of ways in which one can sustain a head injury. Even if you are doing simple household activities or going out for a morning walk, you cannot be sure of what type of injury awaits you. The source of injury may be a pressure cooker whistle acting as a projectile or a hailstone falling from the sky. Such injuries are common in Nepal, considering the socio-demographic and geographic conditions. In this article, we present two such very rare cases of head injury.\n                  <\/ns3:p>\n                  <ns3:p>\n                    <ns3:bold>Case Reports:<\/ns3:bold>\n                    The first case is a middle-aged woman who sustained an accidental injury to the face associated with fracture of frontal sinus and frontal contusion, following the impact from a high momentum projectile in the form of the pressure regulator of a pressure cooker. She underwent craniotomy and removal of the foreign body. In the second case, an elderly man sustained minor injury to the head following the fall of hail. The abrasions and contusions produced by the hail were managed conservatively. Since he did not have any clinical evidence of head injury, other than multiple abrasions with contusions in the scalp, he did not undergo any imaging studies. He did not have any neurological deficits. The postoperative period was uneventful for the first patient and she was followed up for one month. The second patient was lost to follow-up.\n                  <\/ns3:p>\n                  <ns3:p>\n                    <ns3:bold>Conclusion:<\/ns3:bold>\n                    Successful management of two very rare cases of head injuries from Nepal are reported. Proper care and maintenance of the house-hold utensils that are constantly used may protect people from head injuries.\u00a0 Though natural calamities cannot always be avoided, simple measures like using an umbrella while going outdoors may protect individuals from head injuries due to hailstones.\n                  <\/ns3:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.16225.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T08:48:10Z","timestamp":1613983690000},"page":"1483","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Case Report: Two cases of rare head injuries from Nepal"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6373-1500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joe M.","family":"Das","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4981-1950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Apar","family":"Pokharel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rashmi","family":"Sapkota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4800-5295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manish","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashish","family":"Babu Aryal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.4038\/cmj.v57i1.4206","article-title":"A case series of 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Derg."},{"key":"ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/2838167","article-title":"Management of Penetrating Skull Base Injury: A Single Institutional Experience and Review of the Literature.","volume":"2017","author":"D Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int."},{"key":"ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2538","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-6918-0","article-title":"Precipitation and hydrometeors","author":"D Considine","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref-20","article-title":"Official Documentation of the Verification of the Vivian, SD record setting hailstone of 2010","author":"D Arndt","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref-21","article-title":"Hail","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342-350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2018.03.034","article-title":"Application of the Canadian Computed Tomography Head Rule to Patients With Minimal Head Injury.","volume":"72","author":"K Davey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Emerg 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status","group":{"name":"current-referee-status","label":"Current Referee Status"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.30538.r79981, Amit Agrawal, Department\u00a0of\u00a0Neurosurgery, Narayana Medical College\u00a0and\u00a0Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, 23 Feb 2021, version 2, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/7-1483\/v2#referee-response-79981","order":0,"name":"referee-response-79981","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.17719.r67439, Amos O Adeleye, Department of Neurological Surgery, University College Hospital, Ibadan, 12 Aug 2020, version 1, 1 approved, 1 approved with reservations","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/7-1483\/v1#referee-response-67439","order":1,"name":"referee-response-67439","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>Joe M Das<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 30 Oct 2020<\/i>; Thank you for looking into our article in detail and providing constructive feedback. The article has been amended as suggested.  The term &quot;dal&quot; has been explained. &nbsp; A detailed description of the facial fracture is included. &nbsp; A new figure showing the fractured frontal sinus has been provided.","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/7-1483\/v2#referee-comment-6076","order":2,"name":"referee-comment-6076","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>Joe M Das<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 11 Nov 2020<\/i>; This is generally an interesting clinical vignette by these authors, especially the first case. We are of the opinion actually that the authors have enough literature base as well as the clinical materials of the first case to do this write-up simply as a case-based literature review of head injury\/traumatic brain injury from projectiles from house-hold pressure cookers. - \n<b>Thank you.<\/b>  The second case does not warrant any scientific report in our opinion, not by the near normal clinical acute-event \/ immediate post-event period status of the patient, as well as the very minimal body harm to the patient. - \n<b>We still would like it to be published as there are not many reports on the harms this natural calamity can do to humans.<\/b> &nbsp; Having said that, we like to make some of the observations below concerning the authors\u2019 otherwise well-written paper. &nbsp; The figure 2, the plain 3-D reconstruction of the cranial CT bone windows, contains more information that just \u2018the foreign body and its relation to the orbit\u2019. There is the impression of a right naso-orbital fracture extending from the inferomedial orbital rim across the maxilla (just medial to the zygomasticofaical foramen) to the right nasal wall. One would expect all this to reflect in the authors\u2019 case description (and the figure legend) by way of emphasis on the apparent destructive impact of the house-hold utensil turned projectile. - \n<b>We have added the details of the fracture in the case description and figure legend, as suggested<\/b>. &nbsp; Case 1 \u201cA 55-year-old woman, with no known comorbidities, was cooking dal using a pressure\u2026.\u201d What\u2019s \u2018dal\u2019 please, for us international readers? \n<b>We have added a simple definition of dal.<\/b> &nbsp; \u201cThere was fracture involving the right frontal sinus with pneumocephalus and 1&times;1 cm sized left frontal contusion (Figure 3).\u201d The figure 3 referred to here is a brain, not a bone, window of the cranial CT. The frontal sinus fracture being described could therefore hardly be appreciated. We had actually wondered why the authors did not render some of the images at this frontobasal level in the bone windows. That\u2019s what would have been more instructive for this part of the work.&nbsp;\n<b>We have added a new image of the bone window&nbsp;at the frontobasal level.<\/b>","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/7-1483\/v2#referee-comment-6114","order":3,"name":"referee-comment-6114","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.30538.r320004, Mustafa Ismail, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, 06 Nov 2024, version 2, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/7-1483\/v2#referee-response-320004","order":4,"name":"referee-response-320004","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work","order":5,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}