{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T15:29:54Z","timestamp":1786116594134,"version":"build-2736575974"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.167998.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776988800000}}],"reference-count":131,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776988800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001411","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DDR\/IIRP-23\/1021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DDR\/IIRP-23\/1021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns5:p>Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women are associated with significant reproductive dysfunction, manifesting as hormonal imbalances, anovulation, and subfertility. These conditions not only impair reproductive outcomes but also contribute to a reduced quality of life. Crucially, obesity and PCOS share a bidirectional relationship. While obesity can trigger and worsen PCOS manifestations, the convergence of these two conditions has contributed significantly to the growing incidence of female infertility. This review critically examines liraglutide\u2019s mechanistic role and therapeutic potential in mediating metabolic restoration and improving the fertility outcomes in women burdened by obesity and PCOS. A literature search was conducted in original databases from inception until March 2025 in PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science using the following keywords pertinently: \u201cGLP-1R\u201d, \u201cliraglutide\u201d, \u201cfemale reproductive system\u201d, \u201cpolycystic ovarian syndrome\u201d, \u201covarian function\u201d, and \u201cpregnancy outcomes\u201d. Accumulated evidence suggests that liraglutide promotes greater weight loss and improves reproductive outcomes in women with obesity and PCOS by regulating endocrine parameters, reducing systemic inflammation, restoring menstrual cyclicity, and supporting folliculogenesis. It improves reproductive outcomes by increasing natural conception rates and improving responses to assisted reproductive techniques (ART). However, with all the positive outcomes, the major limitations of using this drug for weight loss are the need for daily subcutaneous injections, cost, and gastrointestinal adverse effects. Long-term assessment of the sustained efficacy and impact on reproductive outcomes, including the pattern of ovulation and offspring health, is warranted. This review consolidated present findings and emphasized areas for further exploration to better inform clinical decision-making and future research directions.<\/ns5:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.167998.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T07:04:08Z","timestamp":1777014248000},"page":"979","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Role of Liraglutide in weight management and reproductive health in women with obesity and PCOS- A critical review of the evidence"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Shravya","family":"Shetty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Biology, Department of Reproductive Science, Kasturba Medical College Manipal Karnataka 576104 Manipal Academy of Higher Education"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mouna","family":"Bannur Karunakara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Biology, Department of Reproductive Science, Kasturba Medical College Manipal Karnataka 576104 Manipal Academy of Higher Education"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravi Ram","family":"Kristipati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embryotoxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226001 Indian Institute of Toxicology Research- (CSIR-IITR)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guruprasad","family":"Kalthur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sree Mookambika Centre for Research and Innovation Padanilam, Kulasekharam Tamil Nadu 629161 Sree Mookambika Institutes"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3589-3289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandhya","family":"Kumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Biology, Department of Reproductive Science, Kasturba Medical College Manipal Karnataka 576104 Manipal Academy of Higher Education"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2403-2424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2023.01.012","article-title":"Pathophysiology of obesity and its associated diseases.","volume":"13","author":"X Jin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. 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We greatly appreciate the constructive comments and valuable suggestions you provided during the review process, which helped improve the quality and clarity of our manuscript. We are grateful for your approval and thoughtful consideration of our work.","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/14-979\/v2#referee-comment-16277","order":1,"name":"referee-comment-16277","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.197883.r499322, Vikas Dighe, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Mumbai, 27 Jul 2026, version 2, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/14-979\/v2#referee-response-499322","order":2,"name":"referee-response-499322","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>Sandhya Kumari M V<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 27 Jul 2026<\/i>; We sincerely thank the Reviewer for the careful evaluation of our manuscript and for the constructive comments provided. We greatly appreciate the time and expertise invested in reviewing our work. As recommended, we have replaced the term &quot;PCOS&quot; with &quot;PMOS&quot; throughout the manuscript to ensure accurate terminology is consistently presented. The revised terminology has been incorporated across the text wherever applicable.","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/14-979\/v2#referee-comment-16758","order":3,"name":"referee-comment-16758","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"The work is funded by the Indian Council of Medical Research, Government of India (Grant no. DDR\/IIRP-23\/1021). Sandhya Kumari M V. acknowledges partial support from intramural grant, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal. Dr. TMA Pai scholarship, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal awarded to Shravya Shetty is thankfully acknowledged. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.","order":4,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}