{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T05:26:24Z","timestamp":1788326784088,"version":"build-2803163510"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.172079.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783641600000}}],"reference-count":34,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783641600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns3:p>Background Effective learning strategies are essential for inclusive elementary classrooms, particularly in Indonesian language education, where students have diverse learning needs and digital access levels. Although social media has become a common educational tool, its structured use as a pedagogical model for inclusive learning in Indonesian schools is limited. Previous studies have largely focused on general online learning, leaving a gap in understanding how social media can foster inclusion and language skill development. This study addresses that gap by exploring how social media can be systematically integrated into Indonesian language learning and by developing a strategy that promotes inclusivity, collaboration, and student engagement. Methods A qualitative case study approach was employed to capture in-depth insights from classroom practices. Data were collected from 15 elementary school teachers across five Indonesian provinces (West Java, Central Java, East Java, Yogyakarta, and South Kalimantan) using semi-structured interviews and open-ended questionnaires. Data were coded and analyzed thematically using NVivo 14 to identify emerging categories, patterns, and interconnections among teachers\u2019 experiences and perceptions. Results The findings indicate that social media effectively supports both collaborative and independent learning, enhances digital literacy, and increases motivation among students. Teachers reported that platforms such as WhatsApp and YouTube foster communication, creativity, and resource sharing. However, they also highlighted challenges related to unequal internet access, data privacy, and managing online behavior. Three key themes emerged: (1) social media as a catalyst for collaboration, (2) digital literacy development through authentic media interaction, and (3) the need for clear guidelines to maintain safety and equity. Conclusions This study proposes the Social Media Networking (SMN) framework, offering practical steps for teachers to integrate social media into inclusive pedagogy. The SMN framework demonstrates that social media can function as a structured, participatory, and equitable learning strategy that strengthens inclusivity and engagement in Indonesian language classrooms.<\/ns3:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.172079.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T07:09:09Z","timestamp":1783667349000},"page":"1304","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Teachers\u2019 Perspectives on Social Media Networking for Indonesian Language Learning in Inclusive Elementary Schools: A Multi-Method Case Study"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3969-8966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan Asri","family":"Humaira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bogor West Java Universitas Djuanda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4908-4677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rusi Rusmiati","family":"Aliyyah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bogor West Java Universitas Djuanda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mega Febriani","family":"Sya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bogor West Java Universitas Djuanda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0740-1611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rasmitadila","family":".","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bogor West Java Universitas Djuanda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Analisis dampak penggunaan teknologi media sosial terhadap perilaku bullying di kalangan siswa sekolah dasar ditinjau dari nilai karakter self-confident siswa dalam konteks pendidikan.","volume":"5","author":"E Ananda","year":"2023","journal-title":"EDUKATIF: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48-52","DOI":"10.15294\/harmony.v7i1.55893","article-title":"Penggunaan media sosial dikalangan anak sekolah dasar.","volume":"7","author":"S Andara","year":"2022","journal-title":"Harmony: Jurnal Pembelajaran IPS Dan PKN."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2189388","DOI":"10.1080\/2331186X.2023.2189388","article-title":"Social media and English language writing performances of a Ghanaian ESL class: The nexus.","volume":"10","author":"R Asafo-Adjei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cogent Education."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2534-2562","DOI":"10.1080\/09588221.2021.1883673","article-title":"Social media as a language learning environment: a systematic review of the literature (2008-2019).","volume":"35","author":"J Barrot","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. 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Several sections have been updated, including: First, the presentation of images based on in vivo results; Second, the references used; Third, the previous grammar has used proofreading. Thank you for your input on this article.","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/14-1304\/v2#referee-comment-15303","order":1,"name":"referee-comment-15303","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.189766.r446072, Minsih Minsih, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, 29 Jan 2026, version 1, 1 approved, 1 approved with reservations","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/14-1304\/v1#referee-response-446072","order":2,"name":"referee-response-446072","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.195293.r516345, Mahmud Fasya, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, West Java, 02 Sep 2026, version 2, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/14-1304\/v2#referee-response-516345","order":3,"name":"referee-response-516345","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"Directorate of Research, Technology, and Community Service, Directorate General of Higher Education, Research, and Technology, Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, by Master Contract Number 106\/E5\/PG.02.00.PL\/2024. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.","order":4,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}