{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T12:32:19Z","timestamp":1793277139545,"version":"4.5.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.174118.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000}}],"reference-count":31,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns3:p>Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune condition characterized by symmetrical and chronic pain and inflammation, initially affecting the small joints of the hands and feet, and later the larger joints. RA also attacks other organs of the body, particularly the skin, eyes, heart, kidneys, and lungs. Aim The purpose of this research is to assess and characterize the hematological and immunological parameters that indicate the presence of inflammation and autoimmune conditions in persons with RA. Methods 90 male participants were recruited from several healthcare facilities, including Fallujah Teaching Hospital and Diagnostic Laboratories. The participants, RA patients (60) and healthy controls (30) were distributed into 2 groups for the comparative analysis of the hematological and immunological parameters. Results Significant elevations (P &lt; 0.0001) in erythrocyte sedimentation rate and immunoglobulins G and M were observed in RA patients across three age groups: young adults (25\u201340 years), middle-aged (41\u201365 years), and increased adults (66\u201390 years). Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide, anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin, rheumatoid factor, and C-reactive protein showed significant increases (P &lt; 0.0001) across all age categories. Conclusion The results reveal systemic inflammation and autoimmune dysregulation that are independent of patient age. Using immunological and hematological biomarkers in routine practice can improve diagnostic accuracy, guide personalized treatment, and help prevent joint damage while enhancing patients\u2019 quality of life.<\/ns3:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.174118.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T10:04:06Z","timestamp":1787825046000},"page":"1458","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Physiological, Immunological, and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Alterations in Male Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4957-2069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed Y.I.","family":"Al-Hamadani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Fallujah University of Fallujah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hussain","family":"Abdalwahab Bdewi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine Fallujah University of Fallujah"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology Fallujah University of Fallujah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashjan","family":"Mohammed Hussein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Therapy Baghdad Mustansiriyah University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9031-9856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anwar","family":"Khalil Ismael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathological Analysis Fallujah University of Fallujah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8309-1926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leqaa","family":"M Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine Fallujah University of Fallujah"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology Fallujah University of Fallujah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mokhtar","family":"I Yousef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research Alexandria Alexandria University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2020.36.270.21827","article-title":"A new tool for early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis using combined biomarkers: synovial MAGE-1 mRNA and serum anti-CCP and RF.","volume":"36","author":"A Aiman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pan Afr. 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