{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T12:33:00Z","timestamp":1777984380256,"version":"3.51.4"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.174480.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772668800000}}],"reference-count":26,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772668800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"This article is submitted through the university of Fallujah gateway | No specific funding was received for this work"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"Background Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS), such as methandienone, are synthetic testosterone derivatives that are widely used for the enhancement of physical performance and the growth of muscles. This study looked at the effect of methandienone on ovarian CYP19A1 gene expression and oxidative status in rabbits. The work also examined whether supplementation with selenium could reduce the adverse effects caused by methandienone. Methods Twenty healthy adult female rabbits were randomly assigned to four groups and maintained under uniform management for 30 days. The groups included a control, a methandienone-treated group (T1), a selenium group (T2), and a combined methandienone plus selenium group (T3). Serum oestrogens concentrations were measured using standard biochemical techniques. CYP19A1 mRNA expression in ovarian tissue and markers were quantified by established molecular and biochemical protocols. Results Rabbits receiving methandienone alone (T1) showed a significant decline (P\u22640.05) in CYP19A1 mRNA expression and serum oestrogens when compared with the control and other treatment groups. Selenium supplementation (T2) produced marked increases in both parameters relative to G1 and G3, indicating a robust corrective effect. Oxidative stress analysis revealed elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl content (PCC) in the T1 group, consistent with increased oxidative stress. Intermediate oxidative stress values were observed in the T3 group, exceeding those in the T1 group but remaining below those in the T2 group. Conclusion Methandienone appears to impair ovarian function by suppressing CYP19A1gene expression and promoting oxidative stress, leading to reduced steroidogenic activity. Selenium administration mitigates these disturbances by enhancing antioxidant defense and partially restoring gene expression and oestrogens levels. These findings highlight the potential of selenium as a supportive intervention against methandienone -induced oxidative and hormonal disruptions in rabbits.<\/ns7:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.174480.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T12:34:06Z","timestamp":1772714046000},"page":"115","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Methandienone on the ovaries of rabbits in relation to the aromatase gene (CYP19A1) and oxidative markers and the possible protective role of selenium"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Mohammed Ali","family":"Shahooth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8534-726X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maysam","family":"Abdulrahman Ghazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6639-0384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabea","family":"Khamees Abed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Emad Abood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"A. 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This revision clearly defines the research gap and the objective of the present study. \nParagraph 2:<\/b> All rabbits used in this study were of the same breed and genetic background and were obtained from the Cancer Research Center, Baghdad. The animals were age- and weight-matched prior to the start of the experiment. In addition, rabbits were randomly assigned to the experimental groups to minimize potential preexisting differences between groups. The study was designed as a randomized controlled post-test experimental model; therefore, baseline measurements were not collected prior to the supplementation protocol. The inclusion of a control group together with random allocation ensures group comparability at the beginning of the experiment and allows the observed differences to be attributed to the intervention. These methodological clarifications have now been added to the Methods section \nParagraph 3:<\/b>The methandienone used in this study was obtained from a commercial supplement provider (Gym Center Supplements) as part of the doctoral research project. To ensure accuracy and consistency, the compound was analyzed for purity in the Department of Analytics at the Veterinary Directorate. All experimental groups received the same verified preparation under controlled conditions. \nIntroduction<\/b> Added a supporting citation for the first sentence. Introduced the acronym \u201cAAS\u201d and used it consistently throughout the text. Replaced \u201csenile osteoporosis\u201d with \u201cgeriatric osteoporosis\u201d for accuracy. Revised sentence 3 to read \u201c\u2026as well as their masculinizing effects\u2026\u201d and removed redundant references to \u201canabolic properties.\u201d Corrected phrasing to \u201c\u2026number of adverse psychological and biochemical reactions\u2026\u201d Clarified the meaning of C19 and used it consistently throughout the paragraph. Replaced \u201cfollicular cystic\u201d with \u201cfollicular cysts\u201d for precision. Revised the third paragraph to begin with \u201cThe AAS methandienone\u2026\u201d Improved the opening sentence of the fourth paragraph to enhance transition, now reading: \u201cA compound which plays a central role in maintaining the balance of redox and preserving mitochondrial integrity in the body is selenium (Se), a basic micronutrient\u2026\u201d \nResults:<\/b> 1- Following the reviewer\u2019s suggestion, we have replaced Fisher\u2019s LSD post hoc analysis with Tukey\u2019s post hoc test to provide a more conservative assessment of group differences and reduce the risk of false positives. Re-analysis confirmed that the original findings are maintained with Tukey\u2019s test. This change has been updated in both the Results section and corresponding tables. 2- We have revised the presentation of statistically significant findings to include exact p-values for all comparisons (p \u2264 0.05), replacing the use of capital letters in the tables. Group differences are now presented in a clearer and more reader-friendly format, enhancing transparency and interpretability. \nDiscussion<\/b> 1- We have revised the language throughout the Discussion to use more conservative phrasing, replacing terms such as \u201cindicates\u201d with \u201cmay indicate\u201d to appropriately reflect the findings of a single investigation. 2- The Nrf2 pathway is now clearly introduced and explained in paragraph 2, including its relevance to oxidative stress and the current study\u2019s objectives. 3- The final sentence of paragraph 3 has been corrected to complete the thought and improve clarity. \nFinally<\/b>, we sincerely thank the reviewer for their time, effort, and valuable feedback on our manuscript. Your thorough evaluation and constructive suggestions have significantly enhanced the clarity, rigor, and overall quality of our work. We have learned a great deal from your comments, which have not only improved this study but also enriched our expertise in best practices for scientific writing and research presentation. Thank you for your consideration.                                                   Sincerely Sabea Khamees Abed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/15-115\/v2#referee-comment-15541","order":2,"name":"referee-comment-15541","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.197154.r465201, Mohammed Asker, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, 12 Mar 2026, version 2, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/15-115\/v2#referee-response-465201","order":3,"name":"referee-response-465201","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work","order":4,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}