{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T14:15:21Z","timestamp":1790518521707,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,31]],"date-time":"2019-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564531200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MH68009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MH68009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MH073151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MH073151"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MH068006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MH068006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Janette Mary O'Neil Research Fellowship","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}]},{"name":"Australian National Health and Medical Research Council","award":["PG 1037196, 1066177"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PG 1037196, 1066177"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns4:p>Major psychiatric disorders are heritable but they are genetically complex. This means that, with certain exceptions, single gene markers will not be helpful for diagnosis. However, we are learning more about the large number of gene variants that, in combination, are associated with risk for disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other psychiatric conditions. The presence of those risk variants may now be combined into a polygenic risk score (PRS). Such a score provides a quantitative index of the genomic burden of risk variants in an individual, which relates to the likelihood that a person has a particular disorder. Currently, such scores are quite useful in research, and they are telling us much about the relationships between different disorders and other indices of brain function. In the future, as the datasets supporting the development of such scores become larger and more diverse and as methodological developments improve predictive capacity, we expect that PRS will have substantial clinical utility in the assessment of risk for disease, subtypes of disease, and even treatment response. Here, we provide an overview of PRS in general terms (including a glossary suitable for informed non-geneticists) and discuss the use of PRS in psychiatry, including their limitations and cautions for interpretation, as well as their applications now and in the future.<\/ns4:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.18491.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,31]],"date-time":"2019-07-31T09:30:07Z","timestamp":1564565407000},"page":"1293","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Polygenic risk scores in psychiatry: Will they be useful for clinicians?"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4014-4490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janice 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Biernacka, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology & Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA, 31 Jul 2019, version 1, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/8-1293\/v1#referee-response-51546","order":0,"name":"referee-response-51546","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.20233.r51545, Jeremy Hall, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK, 31 Jul 2019, version 1, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/8-1293\/v1#referee-response-51545","order":1,"name":"referee-response-51545","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.20233.r51549, Ingrid Melle, Norwegian Centre for Research on Mental Disorders, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, 31 Jul 2019, version 1, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/8-1293\/v1#referee-response-51549","order":2,"name":"referee-response-51549","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.20233.r51548, Cathryn M. Lewis, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre & Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, UK, 31 Jul 2019, version 1, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/8-1293\/v1#referee-response-51548","order":3,"name":"referee-response-51548","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"This work was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health collaborative R01s MH68009, MH073151, and MH068006 (to JIN and colleagues); the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (Project Grants 1037196 and 1066177, to JMF and colleagues), and the Janette Mary O\u2019Neil Research Fellowship (to JMF). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.","order":4,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}