{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T07:09:24Z","timestamp":1788851364926,"version":"build-2803163510"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.185630.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000}}],"reference-count":57,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns3:p>Background Tracer study data are more valuable for institutional evaluation than for individual-level forecasting of graduate job waiting time. This study analyzes tracer study records from the Faculty of Administrative Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya. Methods Six classification models were compared to classify graduates according to whether they secured employment within six months or experienced longer waiting times, while education-related determinants of employment transition were also examined. Results Logistic Regression showed the highest sensitivity to delayed employment, whereas Random Forest provided relatively more balanced classification performance. The absence of internship experience emerged as the strongest barrier to faster employment, followed by poor course quality and the absence of research project participation. Limited field-specific expertise and information technology capability were also associated with delayed employment, whereas stronger English proficiency and self-development were associated with faster employment transition. Conclusion These findings suggest that, within the study context, tracer study data can inform institutional consideration of work-integrated learning, competence-oriented teaching, research engagement, digital capability, and employability development. The study contributes by repositioning tracer study data as evidence for institutional diagnosis and higher education service improvement while highlighting its complementary role alongside other approaches for individual-level prediction.<\/ns3:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.185630.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T06:44:05Z","timestamp":1788849845000},"page":"1135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Data-Driven Policy: An Analysis of Graduate Job Waiting Time and Its Implications for Higher Education Services"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8251-2752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hermawan","family":".","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Administrative Sciences Malang East Java 65145 Universitas Brawijaya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6904-7817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benny","family":"Hutahayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Administrative Sciences Malang East Java 65145 Universitas Brawijaya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2665-7452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abd Qadir","family":"Muslim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Administrative Sciences Malang East Java 65145 Universitas Brawijaya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Desmita Ayu","family":"Rachmawati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Administrative Sciences Malang East Java 65145 Universitas 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status","group":{"name":"current-referee-status","label":"Current Referee Status"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.204890.r508417, Muhammad Khairul Anwar, State University of Surabaya, Surabaya, 10 Aug 2026, version 1, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/15-1135\/v1#referee-response-508417","order":0,"name":"referee-response-508417","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>Hermawan Hermawan<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 31 Aug 2026<\/i>; We sincerely thank the reviewer for the positive assessment of our manuscript and for the constructive suggestions provided. We have carefully addressed all comments to improve the clarity, methodological reporting, consistency, and interpretation of the manuscript. The employment category definition has been standardized, relevant methodological details have been clarified, the interpretation of the logistic regression results has been revised using more cautious wording, and the manuscript has undergone a final language and consistency check to reduce repetition. We appreciate the reviewer\u2019s valuable feedback and recommendation for approval.","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/15-1135\/v2#referee-comment-17033","order":1,"name":"referee-comment-17033","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.204890.r508419, Eka Desy Purnama, Krida Wacana Christian University, Jakarta, Jakarta, 11 Aug 2026, version 1, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/15-1135\/v1#referee-response-508419","order":2,"name":"referee-response-508419","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>Hermawan Hermawan<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 31 Aug 2026<\/i>; We sincerely thank the reviewer for the careful evaluation of our manuscript and for the constructive suggestions. We have revised the manuscript accordingly to improve methodological clarity and consistency.  Comment 1 - Research design Section 4.5 has been revised to clarify that the study is entirely quantitative. References to a qualitative phase and qualitative informants have been removed.  Comment 2 - Research questions The research questions are now presented separately as RQ1\u2013RQ4 to improve clarity and alignment with the results and discussion.  Comment 3 - Selection of classification algorithms Section 4.3 has been expanded to provide clearer justification for the inclusion of Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, and Gradient Boosted Trees.  Comment 4 - Implications The implications have been revised to emphasize context-specific institutional considerations, with clearer acknowledgment of the single-faculty scope and the limited discriminative performance of the models.  We appreciate the reviewer\u2019s valuable feedback, which has helped strengthen the clarity and methodological transparency of the manuscript.","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/15-1135\/v2#referee-comment-17034","order":3,"name":"referee-comment-17034","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.204890.r508425, Heap Yih (John) Chong, Nanjing Audit University, Nanjing, 31 Aug 2026, version 1, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/15-1135\/v1#referee-response-508425","order":4,"name":"referee-response-508425","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work","order":5,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}