{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T22:51:16Z","timestamp":1776379876219,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,28]],"date-time":"2020-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009767","name":"Landstinget V\u00e4sternorrland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009767","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Nationella Prostatacancerregistret"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Background:<\/ns4:bold>\n                    The risk of infection after transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsies is increasing. The aim of the study was to assess the use of antibiotic prophylaxis for prostate biopsy in Sweden.\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Methods:<\/ns4:bold>\n                    All public and private urology clinics reporting to the National Prostate Cancer Register of Sweden received a survey on TRUS-biopsy prophylaxis.\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Results:<\/ns4:bold>\n                    Of the 84 clinics surveyed, 76 replied (90%). If no risk factors for infection were present, a single dose of ciprofloxacin 750 mg was used by 50 clinics (66%). Multiple doses of ciprofloxacin 500 or 750 mg (n=14; 18%) or a single dose of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 160\/800 mg (n=7; 9%) were other common prophylaxes. Most clinics gave the prophylaxes immediately before the biopsy (n=41; 54%). Urine dipstick was used by 30 clinics (39%) and rectal enema by six (8%). In patients with high risk of infection, the survey mirrors a large variety of regiments used.\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Conclusions:<\/ns4:bold>\n                    The preference to use a single dose of ciprofloxacin 750 mg is in accordance with the Swedish national guidelines for patients with a low risk of infection. Better compliance to the guideline recommendation to use a urine dipstick would probably increase the number of patients classified as having an increased risk of infection. Being classified as a high-risk patient should lead to an extended duration of antibiotic prophylaxis, however, the variety of regimens used in the high-risk group reflects an inability to treat these patients in a standardized fashion and also highlights a need for more clear-cut guidelines. Pre-biopsy identification of high-risk patients is an important issue to tackle for the urologic clinics in order to reduce the number of infections.\n                  <\/ns4:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.19260.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,28]],"date-time":"2020-01-28T16:32:29Z","timestamp":1580229149000},"page":"58","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Current routines for antibiotic prophylaxis prior to transrectal prostate biopsy: a national survey to all urology clinics in Sweden"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8455-2010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johan","family":"Styrke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Resare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karl-Johan","family":"Lundstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Masaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christofer","family":"Lagerros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P\u00e4r","family":"Stattin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1110-4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2011.12.058","article-title":"Infectious complications and hospital admissions after prostate biopsy in a European randomized trial.","volume":"61","author":"S Loeb","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Urol."},{"key":"ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1116-22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2014.04.098","article-title":"Nationwide population based study of infections after transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy.","volume":"192","author":"K Lundstr\u00f6m","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Urol."},{"key":"ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD006576","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006576.pub2","article-title":"Antibiotic prophylaxis for transrectal prostate biopsy.","author":"E Zani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1691-8","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-014-0713-2","article-title":"Reducing the risk of infection for transrectal prostate biopsy with povidone-iodine: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"46","author":"C Pu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol."},{"key":"ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e157","DOI":"10.1016\/S1569-9056(16)60159-8","article-title":"Non-antibiotic strategies for reducing infective complications in men undergoing prostate biopsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"15","author":"A Pilatz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Urol Suppl."},{"key":"ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353-65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2016.08.004","article-title":"Complications After Systematic, Random, and Image-guided Prostate Biopsy.","volume":"71","author":"M Borghesi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Urol."},{"key":"ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733-47","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2015.040","article-title":"Prophylactic Antibiotics in Prostate Biopsy: A Meta-Analysis Based on Randomized Controlled Trials.","volume":"16","author":"L Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Surg Infect (Larchmt)."},{"key":"ref-8","article-title":"EAU Guidelines on Urological Infections. 2017.","author":"G Bonkat","year":"2017","journal-title":"European Association of Urology Web site."},{"key":"ref-9","article-title":"AUA Guidelines. The Prevention and Treatment of the More Common Complications Related to Prostate Biopsy Updated 2016.","author":"M Liss","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref-10","article-title":"Regionala cancercentrum i samverkan.","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232-7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2013.10.003","article-title":"Occurrence of infection following prostate biopsy procedures in Japan: Japanese Research Group for Urinary Tract Infection (JRGU) - a multi-center retrospective study.","volume":"20","author":"Y Togo","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother."},{"key":"ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521-7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2012.06.003","article-title":"Infective complications after prostate biopsy: outcome of the Global Prevalence Study of Infections in Urology (GPIU) 2010 and 2011, a prospective multinational multicentre prostate biopsy study.","volume":"63","author":"F Wagenlehner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Urol."},{"key":"ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453-9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2012.04.044","article-title":"Increasing risk of infectious complications after transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsies: time to reassess antimicrobial prophylaxis?","volume":"62","author":"A Carignan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Urol."},{"key":"ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1429-37","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)00270-4","article-title":"Potential burden of antibiotic resistance on surgery and cancer chemotherapy antibiotic prophylaxis in the USA: a literature review and modelling study.","volume":"15","author":"A Teillant","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis."},{"key":"ref-15","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance global report on surveillance.","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref-16","article-title":"The Public Health Agency of Sweden and National Veterinary Institute.","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276-83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2015.05.010","article-title":"Adherence to European Association of Urology Guidelines on Prophylactic Antibiotics: An Important Step in Antimicrobial Stewardship.","volume":"69","author":"T Cai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Urol."},{"key":"ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","article-title":"Current routines for antibiotic prophylaxis prior to transrectal prostate biopsy - 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The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.","order":2,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}