{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T05:09:54Z","timestamp":1772168994148,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,24]],"date-time":"2013-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1387843200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns4:p>Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a comparatively novel option for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) and other psychiatric illnesses. Previous research has shown rTMS to be safe and without significant side effects compared to pharmacologic options. However, rare cases of rTMS-induced mania have been reported. This case report describes such an affective switch in a 52 year old female veteran with treatment-resistant MDD and a history of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)-induced mania. Six treatments of rTMS were administered at 5 Hz for a total of 3000 pulses per day, when the patient began to display multiple hypomanic symptoms. These symptoms decreased after the termination of treatment and abated within a couple of days. In conclusion, caution should be used when administering rTMS to patients with a history of ECT-induced mania.<\/ns4:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.2-284.v1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,24]],"date-time":"2013-12-24T05:40:50Z","timestamp":1387863650000},"page":"284","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation induced hypomanic symptoms in a woman with a history of electroconvulsive therapy induced mania:\u00a0 a case report"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Noah S.","family":"Philip","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. Louisa","family":"Carpenter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4035-40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2011.04.058","article-title":"Altered functional connectivity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in first-episode patients with major depressive disorder.","volume":"81","author":"T Ye","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol."},{"key":"ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162-166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2004.10.029","article-title":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation accelerates the antidepressant effect of amitriptyline in severe depression: a double-blind placebo-controlled study.","volume":"57","author":"D Rumi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40-47","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-5618.2003.00011.x","article-title":"Left prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) treatment of depression in bipolar affective disorder: a pilot study of acute safety and efficacy.","volume":"5","author":"Z Nahas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587-96","DOI":"10.1002\/da.21969","article-title":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for major depression: a multisite, naturalistic, observational study of acute treatment outcomes in clinical practice.","volume":"29","author":"L Carpenter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety."},{"key":"ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962-70","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(00)01048-9","article-title":"A controlled trial of daily left prefrontal cortex TMS for treating depression.","volume":"48","author":"M George","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444-5","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2004.00145.x","article-title":"A case report of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced mania.","volume":"6","author":"C Huang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468-70","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(00)01086-6","article-title":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced switch into mania: a report of two cases.","volume":"49","author":"O Dolberg","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493-501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.08.022","article-title":"An evaluation of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression: A sequenced treatment alternatives to relieve depression trial report.","volume":"59","author":"A Rush","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606-13","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","article-title":"The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure.","volume":"16","author":"K Kroenke","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med."},{"key":"ref-10","article-title":"The PTSD Checklist (PCL): reliability, validity, and diagnostic utility","author":"F Weathers","year":"1993"},{"key":"ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"930-7","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v66n0718","article-title":"Add-on rTMS for medication-resistant depression: a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial in Chinese patients.","volume":"66","author":"T Su","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry."}],"container-title":["F1000Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/2-284\/v1\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/2-284\/v1\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/2-284\/v1\/iparadigms","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,3]],"date-time":"2018-12-03T12:10:40Z","timestamp":1543839040000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/2-284\/v1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,24]]},"references-count":11,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.2-284.v1","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5256\/f1000research.3333.r3381","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5256\/f1000research.3333.r2892","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5256\/f1000research.3333.r3381","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5256\/f1000research.3333.r2892","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2046-1402"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2046-1402","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/2-284\/v1#article-reports","order":0,"name":"referee-status","label":"Referee status","group":{"name":"current-referee-status","label":"Current Referee Status"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.3333.r2892, Anne Weigand, Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA, 06 Jan 2014, version 1, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/2-284\/v1#referee-response-2892","order":0,"name":"referee-response-2892","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.3333.r3381, Martijn Arns, Department of Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands, 18 Feb 2014, version 1, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/2-284\/v1#referee-response-3381","order":1,"name":"referee-response-3381","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work","order":2,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Data associated with the article are available under the terms of the Creative Commons Zero \"No rights reserved\" data waiver (CC0 1.0 Public domain dedication).","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}