{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T05:08:48Z","timestamp":1772168928038,"version":"3.50.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.20444.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,10]],"date-time":"2020-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583798400000}}],"reference-count":13,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,10]],"date-time":"2020-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583798400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"\n Background:<\/ns4:bold>\n Air trapping and gas exchange abnormalities are major causes of exercise limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). During incremental cardiopulmonary exercise testing, actual nadir values of ventilatory equivalents for carbon dioxide (V\n E<\/ns4:sub>\n \/VCO\n 2<\/ns4:sub>\n ) and oxygen (V\n E<\/ns4:sub>\n \/VO\n 2<\/ns4:sub>\n ) may be difficult to identify in COPD patients because of limited ventilatory compensation capacity. Therefore, we aimed in this exploratory study to detect a possible correlation between the magnitude of ventilation augmentation, as manifested by increments in ventilatory equivalents from nadir to peak exercise values and air trapping, detected with static testing.\u00a0 \u00a0\n <\/ns4:p>\n \n Methods:<\/ns4:bold>\n In this observational study, we studied data obtained previously from 20 COPD patients who, during routine follow-up, underwent a symptom-limited incremental exercise test and in whom a plethysmography was obtained concurrently. Air trapping at rest was assessed by measurement of the residual volume (RV) to total lung capacity (TLC) ratio (RV\/TLC). Gas exchange data collected during the symptom-limited incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test allowed determination of the nadir and peak exercise values of V\n E<\/ns4:sub>\n \/VCO\n 2<\/ns4:sub>\n and V\n E<\/ns4:sub>\n \/VO\n 2<\/ns4:sub>\n , thus enabling calculation of the difference between peak exrcise value and nadir values of\u00a0 V\n E<\/ns4:sub>\n \/VCO\n 2<\/ns4:sub>\n and V\n E<\/ns4:sub>\n \/VO\n 2<\/ns4:sub>\n , designated \u0394V\n E<\/ns4:sub>\n \/VCO\n 2<\/ns4:sub>\n and \u0394V\n E<\/ns4:sub>\n \/VO\n 2<\/ns4:sub>\n , respectively.\n <\/ns4:p>\n \n Results:<\/ns4:bold>\n We found a statistically significant inverse correlation between both \u0394V\n E<\/ns4:sub>\n \/VCO\n 2<\/ns4:sub>\n (r = -0. 5058, 95% CI -0.7750 to -0.08149, p = 0.0234) and \u0394V\n E<\/ns4:sub>\n \/VO\n 2<\/ns4:sub>\n (r = -0.5588, 95% CI -0.8029 to -0.1545, p = 0.0104) and the degree of air trapping (RV\/TLC). There was no correlation between \u0394V\n E<\/ns4:sub>\n \/VCO\n 2<\/ns4:sub>\n and forced expiratory volume in the first second, or body mass index.\u00a0\n <\/ns4:p>\n \n Conclusions:<\/ns4:bold>\n The ventilatory equivalents increment to compensate for acidosis during incremental exercise testing was inversely correlated with air trapping (RV\/TLC).\n <\/ns4:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.20444.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,10]],"date-time":"2020-03-10T08:35:08Z","timestamp":1583829308000},"page":"1661","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ventilatory compensation during the incremental exercise test is inversely correlated with air trapping in COPD"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Rottem","family":"Kuint","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neville","family":"Berkman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5101-8815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samir","family":"Nusair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091-1101","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.112.4.1091","article-title":"Diagnosing cardiovascular and lung pathophysiology from exercise gas exchange.","volume":"112","author":"K Wasserman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Chest."},{"key":"ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770-777","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.5.2012122","article-title":"Dynamic hyperinflation and exercise intolerance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","volume":"164","author":"D O'Donnell","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"key":"ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167-173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2011.07.013","article-title":"Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in pulmonary emphysema.","volume":"179","author":"P Paoletti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Respir Physiol Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583-589","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.01342","article-title":"Ventilatory inefficiency as a limiting factor for exercise in patients with COPD.","volume":"57","author":"I Caviedes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Respir Care."},{"key":"ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377-387","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00135514","article-title":"Exercise ventilatory inefficiency in mild to end-stage COPD.","volume":"45","author":"J Neder","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Respir J."},{"key":"ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81-86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.12.013","article-title":"Differences in gas exchange between severities of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","volume":"186","author":"W Thirapatarapong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Respir Physiol Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1305-1315","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.13-1884","article-title":"Not all measures of hyperinflation are created equal: lung structure and clinical correlates of gas trapping and hyperexpansion in COPD: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) COPD Study.","volume":"145","author":"B Smith","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chest."},{"key":"ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207-214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2016.06.016","article-title":"Relationships between emphysema and airways metrics at High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) and ventilatory response to exercise in mild to moderate COPD patients.","volume":"117","author":"E Crisafulli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Respir Med."},{"key":"ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210-218","DOI":"10.1080\/15412555.2016.1253670","article-title":"Emphysema on Thoracic CT and Exercise Ventilatory Inefficiency in Mild-to-Moderate COPD.","volume":"14","author":"J Jones","year":"2016","journal-title":"COPD."},{"key":"ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"pii: 1602511","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02511-2016","article-title":"Impaired exercise ventilatory efficiency in smokers with low transfer factor but normal spirometry.","volume":"49","author":"G Walter Barbosa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Respir J."},{"key":"ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9-18","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/143.1.9","article-title":"Reductions in exercise lactic acidosis and ventilation as a result of exercise training in patients with obstructive lung disease.","volume":"143","author":"R Casaburi","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis."},{"key":"ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1773-82","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1984.57.6.1773","article-title":"Respiratory mechanics and breathing pattern during and following maximal exercise.","volume":"57","author":"M Younes","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol."},{"key":"ref-13","article-title":"\u201cVentilatory Equivalents increment during Exercie in COPD\u201d","author":"R Kuint","year":"2019"}],"container-title":["F1000Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/8-1661\/v2\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/8-1661\/v2\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/8-1661\/v2\/iparadigms","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T03:45:10Z","timestamp":1585712710000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/8-1661\/v2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,10]]},"references-count":13,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.20444.2","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5256\/f1000research.24678.r61119","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5256\/f1000research.24678.r61120","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5256\/f1000research.24678.r61119","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5256\/f1000research.24678.r61120","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2046-1402"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2046-1402","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/8-1661\/v2#article-reports","order":0,"name":"referee-status","label":"Referee status","group":{"name":"current-referee-status","label":"Current Referee Status"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.24678.r61120, Gabriele Valli, Emergency Department, San Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, Rome, Italy, 01 Apr 2020, version 2, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/8-1661\/v2#referee-response-61120","order":0,"name":"referee-response-61120","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.24678.r61119, William W. Stringer, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA, 10 Mar 2020, version 2, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/8-1661\/v2#referee-response-61119","order":1,"name":"referee-response-61119","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work","order":2,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}