{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T05:09:54Z","timestamp":1772168994056,"version":"3.50.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.22780.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]],"date-time":"2020-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591920000000}},{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.22780.2","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]],"date-time":"2020-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591920000000}}],"reference-count":38,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]],"date-time":"2020-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591920000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education of Indonesia","award":["11\/E1\/KP.PTNBH\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11\/E1\/KP.PTNBH\/2019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Background:<\/ns4:bold>\n                    Condylar Hyperplasia (CH) is a self-limiting mandibular condyle disorder that shows asymmetry progress in conjunction with associated occlusal changes as long as condylar growth is still active and leads to facial asymmetry. This study aimed to analysis the difference of dental arch characteristics\u00a0 based on genders in orthodontic patients with suspected CH in a North Sumatra subpopulation.\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Methods:<\/ns4:bold>\n                    This is a retrospective study of suspected CH patient\u2019s clinical records who sought for the initial orthodontic treatment between January 2015 to March 2019. Patient with facial asymmetry (based on photography, posterior crossbite and midline deviation), the positive temporomandibular joint disorder in functional analysis, and no history of facial trauma were included in the study. Dental arch asymmetry was based on the measurement of dental midline deviation, canine tip in the dental arch, the distance of the upper canines from the palatal suture, and inter canine distance. The evaluation of dental arch was achieved by comparing arch width and length.\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Results:<\/ns4:bold>\n                    There was a significant difference (p&lt;0.05) of upper canine distance from the palatal suture in female patients when evaluating upper dental arch asymmetry. There was a moderate correlation (r=0.379) in midline deviation between upper and lower dental arch. The dimension and dental arch form were mid and flat, and there was moderate correlation (r=0.448) between the upper and lower dental arch form in these suspected CH patients.\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Conclusion:<\/ns4:bold>\n                    Indeed skeletal asymmetry, the evaluation of the dental arch characteristic symmetry and arch form showed asymmetric occlusal characteristics in orthodontics patient with suspected \u00a0CH in the North Sumatera subpopulation. In treating these patients, we recommend the plaster cast evaluation as essential and routine procedure in order to understand the complexity of occlusal change due to active growth of condylar and limitation in radiography evaluation.\n                  <\/ns4:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.22780.3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]],"date-time":"2020-06-12T10:05:18Z","timestamp":1591956318000},"page":"263","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Differences in dental arch characteristics between genders in patients with suspected condylar hyperplasia in a North Sumatra subpopulation: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0144-4397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ervina","family":"Sofyanti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Trelia","family":"Boel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4724-3256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denny","family":"Satria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0555-1229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zuriyah Fionita","family":"Ritonga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Indah Hafniar","family":"Hasibuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18-23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sdentj.2015.05.003","article-title":"Evaluation of the fit of preformed nickel titanium arch wires on normal occlusion dental arches.","volume":"28","author":"R Al-Barakati","year":"2016","journal-title":"Saudi Dent J."},{"key":"ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224-228","DOI":"10.4103\/1305-7456.130608","article-title":"Dental arch asymmetry.","volume":"8","author":"N Al-Zubair","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Dent."},{"key":"ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333-340","DOI":"10.4041\/kjod.2015.45.6.333","article-title":"Condylar hyperplasia: An updated review of the literature.","volume":"45","author":"L Almeida","year":"2015","journal-title":"Korean J Orthod."},{"key":"ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17-23","DOI":"10.4103\/2231-0746.95311","article-title":"Management of patients with condylar hyperplasia: A diverse experience with 18 patients.","volume":"2","author":"A Alyamani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Maxillofac Surg."},{"key":"ref-5","first-page":"293-295","article-title":"Assessment of Upper Dental Arch Symmetry in Class I Iraqi Adults.","volume":"6","author":"Y Allabban","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Sci Res."},{"key":"ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e245-e252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.11.012","article-title":"Comparison of arch forms between Egyptian and North American white populations.","volume":"139","author":"M Bayome","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67-70","DOI":"10.4103\/2231-0762.127853","article-title":"Unilateral condylar hyperplasia: A case report and review of literature.","volume":"4","author":"S Bharathi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Int Soc Prev Community Dent."},{"key":"ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599-602","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000004302","article-title":"Condylar Hyperplasia in a Monozygotic Twin Girl: An Argument About Etiology.","volume":"29","author":"D Goulart","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg."},{"key":"ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421-426","DOI":"10.2319\/022107-85.1","article-title":"Asymmetry of the face in orthodontic patients.","volume":"78","author":"S Haraguchi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Angle Orthod."},{"key":"ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4172\/2254-609x.100052","article-title":"Comparative Assessment of Vertical Facial Asymmetry Using Posteroanterior Cephalogram and Orthopantomogram.","volume":"6","author":"N Hirpara","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Biomedical Sci."},{"key":"ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353-360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2006.10.011","article-title":"Treatment of hemimandibular hyperplasia: The biological basis of condylectomy.","volume":"45","author":"C Lippold","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg."},{"key":"ref-12","first-page":"78-99","article-title":"Condylar Hyperplasia: Characteristics, manifestations, diagnosis and treatment. 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Cent)."}],"container-title":["F1000Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/9-263\/v3\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/9-263\/v3\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/9-263\/v3\/iparadigms","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]],"date-time":"2021-12-13T01:05:22Z","timestamp":1639357522000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/9-263\/v3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]]},"references-count":38,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.22780.3","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5256\/f1000research.27046.r64676","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5256\/f1000research.27046.r64676","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2046-1402"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2046-1402","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/9-263\/v3#article-reports","order":0,"name":"referee-status","label":"Referee status","group":{"name":"current-referee-status","label":"Current Referee Status"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.25152.r62453, Maarten J. Koudstaal, The Dutch Craniofacial Centre, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sophia\u2019s Children\u2019s Hospital Rotterdam, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 12 May 2020, version 1, 1 approved","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/9-263\/v1#referee-response-62453","order":0,"name":"referee-response-62453","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>Ervina Sofyanti<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 05 Jun 2020<\/i>; Dear Dr. Maarten J. Koudstaal,We want to thank you for providing us with valuable advice for the manuscript.&nbsp;  \n<b>CH suspected subjects fulfilled the following characteristics: facial asymmetry based on photography, posterior crossbite and midline deviation in plaster casts analysis, and positive temporomandibular joint disorder in functional analysis.<\/b>  We thank the reviewer for the suggestion. Since this is a study from a retrospective study of suspected CH patient's clinical records, we assessed that any pain, clicking, crepitation, pain, and other sign or symptom of positive temporomandibular joint disorder from the extraoral analysis will be included.&nbsp;  \n<b>It is unclear if patients needed to have all of these? The reason for asking, a fair amount of patients with CH do not have any functional issues with the TMJ joint.<\/b>  We thank you for the comments. We include all these criteria in select cases based on patients' information medical records. We include patients with symptoms and\/or TMD signs based on dental records.&nbsp;  \n<b>At what time points were the records taken and studied? The same protocol for all patients? And at what ages? <\/b>  We thank you for kindly advising. The orthodontics patient's data medical records was collected and selected during January 2015 and March 2019. However, this information was collected by different orthodontic clinicians and the age of patients based on the date of birth stated in the medical record. We have also revised the resources data by adding the sample\u2019s age. (Sofyanti E, Boel T, Satria D, et al.: Replication Data for Angular and linear measurement of the dental arch asymmetry and dental arch form. Harvard Dataverse, V1, UNF:6:GiTmDSqATBmhdCM366FFoQ== [fileUNF],2020. http:\/\/www.doi.org\/10.7910\/DVN\/GONORA).&nbsp;  \n<b>Results: Age of inclusion? Would the authors expect a difference in the still-active versus the non-active growth patients? If so please show the actual ages at inclusion and follow-up. And add a paragraph to the results about this. <\/b>  We thank you for the reviewer's advice. Based on the date of birth, the samples were selected between 10 to 30 years old in this study according to the previous study that reports about the age of condylar hyperplasia patients in the discussion phase. (Pacheco et al., 2010; Bharathi et al., 2014; Lopez &amp; Herrera-Guadiola., 2016; Lopez et al., 2017; Goulart et al., 2018). The limitation of this study was less information about the activity of condylar growth due to the dental hospital didn\/t have 3D CBCT in that time to evaluate the condylar precisely.  \n<b>I do not see the patients classified as being either left or right side CH? Were they grouped? That does not make a lot of sense to me, especially when looking at the deviation of the midline. Please elaborate.<\/b>  Based on previous medical records, we include samples with a deviation of midline in occlusion transversally. In this study, we analyzed the upper and lower arch based on Scanavini and Raberin method in the plaster cast of suspected CH as mentioned in the material and methodbased on previous studies about CH clinical findings.","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/9-263\/v3#referee-comment-5575","order":1,"name":"referee-comment-5575","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.27046.r64676, Diego Fernando L\u00f3pez, Departamento de Ortodoncia, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, 22 Jun 2020, version 3, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/9-263\/v3#referee-response-64676","order":2,"name":"referee-response-64676","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>Ervina Sofyanti<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 22 Jun 2020<\/i>; Dear Prof.&nbsp;Diego Fernando Lopez B Dr. Maarten J. Koudstaal Dr. Maria Purbiati  We are very grateful for the peer-reviewed experience that is useful in orthodontic clinical practice protocols of our practice in the institution and hopefully that will be improved in our further study. Thank you very much.&nbsp;","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/9-263\/v3#referee-comment-5645","order":3,"name":"referee-comment-5645","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.26748.r63485, Maria Purbiati, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia, 01 Jun 2020, version 2, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/9-263\/v2#referee-response-63485","order":4,"name":"referee-response-63485","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>Ervina Sofyanti<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 05 Jun 2020<\/i>; Dear Dr. Maria Purbiati,Thank you very much for your kind assistance in reviewing our manuscript. We have revised some sections as follows:  \n<b>Introduction<\/b>  \n<b>Some literature stated that CH could be performed bilaterally even though mostly unilateral. It will be more clear if the terminology is used as unilateral CH or CH. The terminology of CH only is referring to the research subjects including both unilateral and bilateral overgrowth. It should be stated consistently from the beginning (from the title).<\/b>We thank you for the suggestion. We have added the information in the introduction section. However, we cannot state consistently from the beginning due to suspected CH and the limited of radiograph that supposed to be 3D CBCT as the gold standard diagnostic.&nbsp;&nbsp;  \n<b>Methods:<\/b>  \n<b>Too many criteria in determining facial asymmetry which will generate heterogeneous samples that lead to a wide variety of samples. It seems the aim of the study to evaluate the dental arch in facial asymmetry subjects, thus extraoral (photography) or skeletal (PA cephalometric) parameter will be enough to differentiate facial asymmetry. Then TMJ assessment was not correlated to this as well as a dental record (posterior crossbite and midline deviation) which in some cases were not in line with the facial or skeletal asymmetry.<\/b>We thank you for the comment. Based on the previous study, CH is a self-limiting pathology in the condylar head that affecting facial symmetry and occlusion and may be associated with pain and dysfunction. Therefore we try to make a selection case base on those criteria without 3D radiography that supposed to be the gold standard.&nbsp;  \n<b>Data analysis:<\/b>  \n<b>Data analysis means statistical data analysis. Measurements should be explained as research methods. Measuring a 3-dimensional object will be more accurate by laser or digital device, such as Coordinate Measuring Machine<\/b>.We thank you for the kind suggestion. Due to the certain limitation of radiography and since this was a retrospective study, we will revise in the future study. We have added the statement in the discussions as followed: The 3-dimensional radiographs and quantitative techniques are useful for evaluation, classification, or follow up of CH although the emergence of panoramic radiographs might be suitable for screening CH in some emerging countries.&nbsp;  \n<b>Result:<\/b>  \n<b>Wide range of age including growing and non-growing patients. Asymmetry is a result of growth and development. Dividing into two groups will give a deeper analysis.<\/b>Thank you for the kind review. Since we know that age is a factor which should be considered in determining the treatment modality, we have limited the age of sample from 10 to 30 year old based on previous studies about CH. Further study will require more samples in order to make a classification based on a growing pattern.&nbsp;\n<b>Asymmetry is a qualitatively relative comparison between the right and left sides. This study's aims seem to describe the dental arch's condition in facial asymmetry due to CH. So, the amount of measurement itself was not really important information. For this instance, categorical data (symmetrical and asymmetrical) would serve a better analysis than quantitative data and would be emphasizing the intended context consistently, thus developing a sharp conclusion. Otherwise, it needed a control group for quantitative comparison.<\/b>Thank you for your kind advice. We will consider the control group in future studies. As additional information, we compare the result with a subpopulation of Indonesian that aged between 8 to 30-year old based on Purbiati\u2019s study.","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/9-263\/v3#referee-comment-5576","order":5,"name":"referee-comment-5576","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>Ervina Sofyanti<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 22 Jun 2020<\/i>; Dear Prof.&nbsp;Diego Fernando Lopez B Dr. Maarten J. Koudstaal Dr. Maria Purbiati  We are very grateful for the peer-reviewed experience that is useful in orthodontic clinical practice protocols of our practice in the institution and hopefully that will be improved in our further study. Thank you very much.&nbsp;","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/9-263\/v3#article-response-5645","order":6,"name":"article-response-5645","label":"Article Comment","group":{"name":"article-comments","label":"Article Comments"}},{"value":"Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education of Indonesia through Penelitian Dasar Unggulan Perguruan Tinggi [11\/E1\/KP.PTNBH\/2019]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.","order":7,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}