{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T14:08:56Z","timestamp":1791468536727,"version":"4.3.4"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.25673.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000}}],"reference-count":60,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VR2015-03159"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VR2015-03159"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001655","name":"Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001655","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013987","name":"Government of the Republic of Kenya","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013987","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000278","name":"Department for International Development, UK Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000278","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009131","name":"Direktion f\u00fcr Entwicklung und Zusammenarbeit","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009131","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004441","name":"Styrelsen f\u00f6r Internationellt Utvecklingssamarbete","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004441","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Background<\/ns4:bold>\n                    : Strategies that involve manipulations of the odour-orientation of gravid malaria vectors could lead to novel attract-and-kill interventions. Recent work has highlighted the potential involvement of graminoid plants in luring vectors to oviposition sites. This study aimed to analyse the association between water-indicating graminoid plants (Cyperaceae, sedges), other abiotic and biotic factors and the presence and abundance of early instar\n                    <ns4:italic>Anopheles<\/ns4:italic>\n                    larvae in aquatic habitats as a proxy indicator for oviposition.\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Methods<\/ns4:bold>\n                    : A cross-sectional survey of 110 aquatic habitats along the shores of Lake Victoria was done during the rainy season. Habitats were sampled for mosquito larvae using the sweep-net method and habitat characteristics recorded.\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Results<\/ns4:bold>\n                    :\n                    <ns4:italic>Anopheles arabiensis<\/ns4:italic>\n                    was the dominant species identified from aquatic habitats. Larvae of the secondary malaria vectors such as\n                    <ns4:italic>Anopheles coustani, An. rufipes<\/ns4:italic>\n                    and\n                    <ns4:italic>An. maculipalpis<\/ns4:italic>\n                    were found only in habitats covered with graminoids, whereas\n                    <ns4:italic>An. arabiensis, An. ziemanni<\/ns4:italic>\n                    and\n                    <ns4:italic>An. pharoensis<\/ns4:italic>\n                    were found in both habitats with and without graminoid plants. The hypothesis that sedges might be positively associated with the presence and abundance of early instar\n                    <ns4:italic>Anopheles<\/ns4:italic>\n                    larvae could not be confirmed. The dominant graminoid plants in the habitats were\n                    <ns4:italic>Panicum repens<\/ns4:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <ns4:italic>Cynodon dactylon<\/ns4:italic>\n                    in the Poaceae family and\n                    <ns4:italic>Cyperus rotundus<\/ns4:italic>\n                    in the Cyperaceae family. All of these habitats supported abundant immature vector populations. The presence of early instar larvae was significantly and positively associated with swamp habitat types (OR=22, 95% CI=6-86, P&lt;0.001) and abundance of late\n                    <ns4:italic>Anopheles<\/ns4:italic>\n                    larvae (OR=359, CI=33-3941, P&lt;0.001), and negatively associated with the presence of tadpoles (OR=0.1, CI=0.0.01-0.5, P=0.008).\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Conclusions<\/ns4:bold>\n                    : Early instar malaria vectors were abundant in habitats densely vegetated with graminoid plants in the study area but no specific preference could be detected for any species or family. In search for oviposition cues, it might be useful to screen for chemical volatiles released from all dominant plant species.\n                  <\/ns4:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.25673.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T07:30:12Z","timestamp":1601537412000},"page":"1032","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A cross-sectional observational study investigating the association between sedges (swamp grasses, Cyperaceae) and the prevalence of immature malaria vectors in aquatic habitats along the shore of Lake Victoria, western Kenya"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3400-6393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Getachew 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Bokore","year":"2020"}],"container-title":["F1000Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/9-1032\/v2\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/9-1032\/v2\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/9-1032\/v2\/iparadigms","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T10:00:36Z","timestamp":1602496836000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/9-1032\/v2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]},"references-count":60,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.25673.2","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5256\/f1000research.29842.r72328","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5256\/f1000research.29842.r72328","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2046-1402"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2046-1402","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/9-1032\/v2#article-reports","order":0,"name":"referee-status","label":"Referee 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International Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Kenya with support from the following organizations and agencies: the Swedish Research Council (grant number- VR 2015-03159); UK\u2019s Department for International Development (DFID); Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida); the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC); Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia; and the Kenyan Government. GB was supported by a German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) In-Region Postgraduate Scholarship. The views expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the donors. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.","order":2,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}