{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T23:13:27Z","timestamp":1790723607292,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,20]],"date-time":"2021-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621468800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Background:<\/ns4:bold>\n                    \u00a0Although\u00a0candiduria\u00a0is an expected encounter and should not be surprising in uncontrolled diabetes with glucose-enriched urine, urinary auto-brewery is rarely thought of by diabetologists. Moreover, endogenous ethanol production in humans\u00a0from gut microbiome, urinary tract fungi and bacteria, and intermediary metabolism, has\u00a0been reported for\u00a0a\u00a0long\u00a0time,\u00a0particularly\u00a0in\u00a0diabetics.\u00a0\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Case\u00a0description:<\/ns4:bold>\n                    \u00a0To\u00a0alert physicians to the overlooked implication of endogenously produced ethanol both as a biomarker for poor control of diabetes and as a complicating factor, we report this case of an elderly male\u00a0smoker\u00a0alcohol-abstinent insulin-dependent\u00a0Type 2 diabetic patient.\u00a0Because of circumstantial treatment\u00a0and\u00a0incompliance\u00a0for one week, he developed endogenously\u00a0produced alcohol intoxication. We\u00a0proposed\u00a0candidal\u00a0urinary\u00a0auto-brewery evidence\u00a0sourced\u00a0from the case history, urinalysis,\u00a0and culture\/identification tests\u00a0-\u00a0without excluding other sources. Fortunately, his diet and glycemic control were\u00a0fairly controlled\u00a0and, liver and kidney functions were almost normal. Amphotericin B I\/V\u00a0for five days, insulin, and\u00a0a\u00a0fluid therapy regimen\u00a0greatly improved\u00a0the case and cleared both\u00a0the\u00a0candiduria\u00a0and ethanol from the urine and blood and\u00a0the patient\u00a0regained his base-line normal life.\u00a0\u00a0\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Conclusion:\u00a0<\/ns4:bold>\n                    Symptoms of alcohol intoxication should be expected in patients with uncontrolled diabetes that most often correlates\u00a0with\u00a0candiduria\u00a0and\/or constipation.\u00a0These symptoms\u00a0can\u00a0be exaggerated in those already suffering a degree of dementia and\/or comorbid psychiatric\/neurologic affections. Direct wet mount examination of urine under phase contrast microscopy\u00a0would show the budding yeast cells.\u00a0\u00a0Appropriate antifungal, insulin and fluid therapies regained the base-line norms.\n                  <\/ns4:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.52461.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,20]],"date-time":"2021-05-20T04:45:07Z","timestamp":1621485907000},"page":"407","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Case Report:\u00a0Diabetic\u00a0urinary\u00a0auto-brewery\u00a0and\u00a0review of\u00a0literature"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2710-3187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdulrahman","family":"A. 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