{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T05:09:19Z","timestamp":1772168959336,"version":"3.50.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.52535.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727308800000}}],"reference-count":261,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727308800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns3:p>Background The primary objective worldwide during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had been controlling disease transmission. However, lockdown measures used to mitigate transmission affected human behavior and altered lifestyles, with a likely impact on chronic non-communicable diseases. More than a year into the pandemic, substantial peer-reviewed literature emerged on altered lifestyles following the varying lockdown measures imposed globally to control the virus spread. We explored the impact of lockdown measures on six lifestyle factors, namely diet, physical activity, sleep, stress, social connectedness, and the use of tobacco, alcohol, or other harmful substances. Methods We comprehensively searched PubMed and the World Health Organization\u2019s global literature database on COVID-19 and retrieved 649 relevant articles for the narrative review. A critical interpretative synthesis of the articles was performed. Results Most of the articles included in the review identified the negative effect of lockdown measures on each of the lifestyle factors in many parts of the world. Encouraging lifestyle trends were also highlighted in a few articles. Such trends can positively influence the outcome of lifestyle-related chronic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes. Conclusions The lockdown associated with COVID-19 has largely had a negative impact on the lifestyles of individuals and communities across many countries and cultures. However, some individuals and communities also initiated positive lifestyle-related behavioral changes. If the knowledge generated by studying the impact of COVID-19-related lockdowns on the six lifestyle factors is further consolidated, it could improve chronic disease outcomes. This will help better understand lifestyle behaviors amidst crises and assist in redesigning extreme public health measures such as lockdowns.. It is up to governments, communities, and healthcare\/academic entities to derive benefit from lessons learned from the pandemic, with the ultimate objective of better educating and promoting healthy lifestyles among communities.<\/ns3:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.52535.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T07:20:12Z","timestamp":1727335212000},"page":"363","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["COVID-19 lockdown and lifestyles: A narrative review"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4198-8065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sathyanarayanan","family":"Doraiswamy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sohaila","family":"Cheema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Al Mulla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ravinder","family":"Mamtani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref-1","article-title":"Lifestyle medicine: more relevant than ever in the face of COVID-19","author":"M Leanne","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87-89","DOI":"10.23750\/abm.v91i9-S.10122","article-title":"COVID-19 lockdown impact on lifestyle habits of Italian adults.","volume":"91","author":"A Odone","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Biomed."},{"key":"ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.578628","article-title":"The effects of COVID-19 and quarantine measures on the lifestyles and mental health of people over 60 at increased risk of dementia.","volume":"11","author":"S Di Santo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.3390\/children8020083","article-title":"Changes in healthy behaviors and meeting 24-h movement guidelines in Spanish and Brazilian preschoolers, children and adolescents during the COVID-19 lockdown.","volume":"8","author":"J Lopez-Gil","year":"2021","journal-title":"Children (Basel)."},{"key":"ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101-117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-3467(07)60142-6","article-title":"Writing narrative literature reviews for peer-reviewed journals: secrets of the trade.","volume":"5","author":"B Green","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Chiropr Med."},{"key":"ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s41073-019-0064-8","article-title":"SANRA-a scale for the quality assessment of narrative review articles.","volume":"4","author":"C Baethge","year":"2019","journal-title":"Res Integr Peer Rev."},{"key":"ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.52535.1","article-title":"COVID-19 lockdown and lifestyles: a narrative review [version 1; peer review: 3 approved with reservations, 1 not approved].","volume":"10","author":"S Doraiswamy","year":"2021","journal-title":"F1000Res."},{"key":"ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117-119","DOI":"10.1080\/15424065.2019.1691963","article-title":"EndNote X9.","volume":"16","author":"M Hupe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Electronic Resources in Medical Libraries."},{"key":"ref-9","article-title":"Critical interpretive synthesis: what it is and why it is needed","author":"M Dixon-Woods","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-8-21","article-title":"Conducting a meta-ethnography of qualitative literature: lessons learnt.","volume":"8","author":"S Atkins","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol."},{"key":"ref-11","article-title":"How to do a literature review: citation tracing, concept saturation and results mind-mapping","author":"R Pacheco-Vega","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1-10","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114520004547","article-title":"Assessment of eating habits and lifestyle during the coronavirus 2019 pandemic in the Middle East and North Africa region: a cross-sectional study.","author":"L Cheikh Ismail","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Nutr."},{"key":"ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-020-02591-7","article-title":"Alteration of physical activity during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in young adults.","volume":"18","author":"B Huber","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Transl Med."},{"key":"ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020300","article-title":"Patterns of change in dietary habits and physical activity during lockdown in Spain due to the COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"13","author":"C Perez-Rodrigo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"ref-15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.3390\/foods9050675","article-title":"Covid-19 and the subsequent lockdown modified dietary habits of almost half the population in an Italian sample.","volume":"9","author":"F Scarmozzino","year":"2020","journal-title":"Foods."},{"key":"ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020309","article-title":"COVID-19-related quarantine effect on dietary habits in a Northern Italian rural population: data from the Brisighella heart study.","volume":"13","author":"A Cicero","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1382-1385","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22861","article-title":"Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on lifestyle behaviors in children with obesity living in Verona, Italy: a longitudinal study.","volume":"28","author":"A Pietrobelli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)."},{"key":"ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2020.105005","article-title":"Food choice motives and the nutritional quality of diet during the COVID-19 lockdown in France.","volume":"157","author":"L Marty","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appetite."},{"key":"ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12102923","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of emotional eating among healthy young Saudi women during the COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"12","author":"S Al-Musharaf","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"ref-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12113445","article-title":"Physical and psychological effects related to food habits and lifestyle changes derived from COVID-19 home confinement in the Spanish population.","volume":"12","author":"M L\u00f3pez-Moreno","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"ref-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12072016","article-title":"Changes in weight and nutritional habits in adults with obesity during the \"Lockdown\" period caused by the COVID-19 virus emergency.","volume":"12","author":"M Pellegrini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"ref-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cob.12416","article-title":"Obesity and activity patterns before and during COVID-19 lockdown among youths in China.","volume":"10","author":"S Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Obes."},{"key":"ref-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e04063","article-title":"COVID-19 pandemic, socioeconomic crisis and human stress in resource-limited settings: a case from Bangladesh.","volume":"6","author":"M Shammi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heliyon."},{"key":"ref-24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1-10","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980021000318","article-title":"Determinants of household vulnerability to food insecurity during COVID-19 lockdown in a mid-term period in Iran.","author":"M Pakravan-Charvadeh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"key":"ref-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17228444","article-title":"Behavioral changes during COVID-19 confinement in France: a web-based study.","volume":"17","author":"H Rossinot","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/s12199-020-00901-5","article-title":"Does COVID-19 change dietary habits and lifestyle behaviours in Kuwait: a community-based cross-sectional study.","volume":"25","author":"W Husain","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Health Prev Med."},{"key":"ref-27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1190-1196","DOI":"10.20960\/nh.03213","article-title":"[Food habits in the Galician population during confinement by COVID-19].","volume":"37","author":"L Sinisterra Loaiza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutr Hosp."},{"key":"ref-28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061699","article-title":"Dietary diversity among Chinese residents during the COVID-19 outbreak and its associated factors.","volume":"12","author":"A Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"ref-29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061730","article-title":"Changes in dietary behaviours during the COVID-19 outbreak confinement in the Spanish COVIDiet study.","volume":"12","author":"C Rodr\u00edguez-P\u00e9rez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"ref-30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061807","article-title":"Covid-19 confinement and changes of adolescent's dietary trends in Italy, Spain, Chile, Colombia and Brazil.","volume":"12","author":"M Ruiz-Roso","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"ref-31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12082324","article-title":"Dietary and lifestyle changes during COVID-19 and the subsequent lockdowns among Polish adults: a cross-sectional online survey PLifeCOVID-19 study.","volume":"12","author":"M G\u00f3rnicka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"ref-32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061657","article-title":"Dietary choices and habits during COVID-19 lockdown: experience from Poland.","volume":"12","author":"A Sidor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"ref-33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2020.37.199.23733","article-title":"Physical activity and dietary behaviors: a phenomenological analysis of experiences of Ghanaians during the COVID-19 lockdown.","volume":"37","author":"E Ansah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J."},{"key":"ref-34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2020.104853","article-title":"Obesity, eating behavior and physical activity during COVID-19 lockdown: a study of UK adults.","volume":"156","author":"E Robinson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appetite."},{"key":"ref-35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2021.105132","article-title":"Child eating behaviors, parental feeding practices and food shopping motivations during the COVID-19 lockdown in France: (How) did they change?","volume":"161","author":"K Philippe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appetite."},{"key":"ref-36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12103119","article-title":"Associations between changes in health behaviours and body weight during the COVID-19 quarantine in Lithuania: the Lithuanian COVIDiet study.","volume":"12","author":"V Kriaucioniene","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"ref-37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2020.592112","article-title":"Reported changes in dietary habits during the COVID-19 lockdown in the Danish population: the Danish COVIDiet study.","volume":"7","author":"D Giacalone","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Nutr."},{"key":"ref-38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020383","article-title":"Childhood obesity and COVID-19 lockdown: remarks on eating habits of patients enrolled in a food-education program.","volume":"13","author":"M Nicodemo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"ref-39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54-76","DOI":"10.1080\/10640266.2020.1790271","article-title":"Eating disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine: an overview of risks and recommendations for treatment and early intervention.","volume":"30","author":"M Cooper","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eat Disord."},{"key":"ref-40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12113525","article-title":"Weight gain in a sample of patients affected by overweight\/obesity with and without a psychiatric diagnosis during the COVID-19 lockdown.","volume":"12","author":"S Marchitelli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"ref-41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1-6","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2020.237","article-title":"Changes in body weight, physical activity, and lifestyle during the semi-lockdown period after the outbreak of COVID-19 in China: an online survey.","volume":"15","author":"M He","year":"2021","journal-title":"Disaster Med Public Health Prep."},{"key":"ref-42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17176287","article-title":"Determinants of the lifestyle changes during COVID-19 pandemic in the residents of Northern Italy.","volume":"17","author":"R Cancello","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061583","article-title":"Effects of COVID-19 home confinement on eating behaviour and physical activity: results of the ECLB-COVID19 international online survey.","volume":"12","author":"A Ammar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"ref-44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4065","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17114065","article-title":"Depression, anxiety and stress during COVID-19: associations with changes in physical activity, sleep, tobacco and alcohol use in Australian adults.","volume":"17","author":"R Stanton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/23701","article-title":"Physical activity behavior before, during, and after COVID-19 restrictions: longitudinal smartphone-tracking study of adults in the United Kingdom.","volume":"23","author":"H McCarthy","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res."},{"key":"ref-46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17186469","article-title":"Changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior in response to COVID-19 and their associations with mental health in 3052 US adults.","volume":"17","author":"J Meyer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835-842","DOI":"10.1093\/tbm\/ibaa086","article-title":"Determinants of physical activity maintenance during the COVID-19 pandemic: a focus on fitness apps.","volume":"10","author":"Y Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl Behav Med."},{"key":"ref-48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/23946","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 on physical activity among 10,000 steps members and engagement with the program in Australia: prospective study.","volume":"23","author":"Q To","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res."},{"key":"ref-49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2020.106301","article-title":"Evolution of changes in physical activity over lockdown time: physical activity datasets of four independent adult sample groups corresponding to each of the last four of the six COVID-19 lockdown weeks in Greece.","volume":"32","author":"D Bourdas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Data Brief."},{"key":"ref-50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsaa179","article-title":"COVID-19-related mobility reduction: heterogenous effects on sleep and physical activity rhythms.","volume":"44","author":"J Ong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep."},{"key":"ref-51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.112958","article-title":"Unprecedented disruption of lives and work: health, distress and life satisfaction of working adults in China one month into the COVID-19 outbreak.","volume":"288","author":"S Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref-52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18020693","article-title":"Physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep and self-regulation in Spanish preschoolers during the COVID-19 lockdown.","volume":"18","author":"A Alonso-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17207406","article-title":"The influence of COVID-19 isolation on physical activity habits and its relationship with convergence insufficiency.","volume":"17","author":"D Mon-L\u00f3pez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2020.00573","article-title":"Health-Related behaviors among school-aged children and adolescents during the Spanish COVID-19 confinement.","volume":"8","author":"R L\u00f3pez-Bueno","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Pediatr."},{"key":"ref-55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-020-00987-8","article-title":"Impact of the COVID-19 virus outbreak on movement and play behaviours of Canadian children and youth: a national survey.","volume":"17","author":"S Moore","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act."},{"key":"ref-56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313-321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2020.06.005","article-title":"Canadian children's and youth's adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic: a decision tree analysis.","volume":"9","author":"M Guerrero","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Sport Health Sci."},{"key":"ref-57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-78438-4","article-title":"Physical activity and screen time of children and adolescents before and during the COVID-19 lockdown in Germany: a natural experiment.","volume":"10","author":"S Schmidt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"ref-58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2020.575091","article-title":"Behavioral change towards reduced intensity physical activity is disproportionately prevalent among adults with serious health issues or self-perception of high risk during the UK COVID-19 lockdown.","volume":"8","author":"N Rogers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Public Health."},{"key":"ref-59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971-976","DOI":"10.23736\/S0022-4707.20.11600-1","article-title":"Physical activity levels across COVID-19 outbreak in youngsters of Northwestern Lombardy.","volume":"61","author":"M Tornaghi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Sports Med Phys Fitness."},{"key":"ref-60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2021-2030","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2020.09.034","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 on lifestyle-related behaviours- a cross-sectional audit of responses from nine hundred and ninety-five participants from India.","volume":"14","author":"S Chopra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr."},{"key":"ref-61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18020507","article-title":"Physical activity during COVID-19 in German adults: analyses in the COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring Study (COSMO).","volume":"18","author":"T Maertl","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.01.26.21250520","article-title":"Impact of social restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic on the physical activity levels of older adults: an analysis of the CHARIOT COVID-19 Rapid Response Study.","author":"D Salman","year":"2021","journal-title":"medRxiv."},{"key":"ref-63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39-42","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.14092","article-title":"Association between frailty and changes in lifestyle and physical or psychological conditions among older adults affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 countermeasures in Japan.","volume":"21","author":"T Shinohara","year":"2021","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int."},{"key":"ref-64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17114144","article-title":"Exercising in times of Lockdown: an analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on levels and patterns of exercise among adults in Belgium.","volume":"17","author":"B Constandt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2020.105019","article-title":"Physical activity, dietary habits and sleep quality before and during COVID-19 lockdown: a longitudinal study.","volume":"158","author":"O Martinez-de-Quel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appetite."},{"key":"ref-66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887-899","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2020.1850984","article-title":"The influence of COVID-19 measures in the United Kingdom on physical activity levels, perceived physical function and mood in older adults: a survey-based observational study.","volume":"39","author":"D Richardson","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Sports Sci."},{"key":"ref-67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360-362","DOI":"10.1177\/1010539520940929","article-title":"Social distancing and outdoor physical activity during the COVID-19 outbreak in South Korea: implications for physical distancing strategies.","volume":"32","author":"S Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Public Health."},{"key":"ref-68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328-331","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.12684","article-title":"Sustainable health promotion for the seniors during COVID-19 outbreak: a lesson from Tokyo.","volume":"14","author":"M Aung","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect Dev Ctries."},{"key":"ref-69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17249362","article-title":"Changes in physical activity, sitting and sleep across the COVID-19 national lockdown period in Scotland.","volume":"17","author":"X Janssen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.3390\/children7090125","article-title":"Contextualizing parental\/familial influence on physical activity in adolescents before and during COVID-19 pandemic: a prospective analysis.","volume":"7","author":"B Gilic","year":"2020","journal-title":"Children (Basel)."},{"key":"ref-71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17186567","article-title":"Physical activity and sedentary lifestyle in university students: changes during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"17","author":"C Romero-Blanco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588-605","DOI":"10.1111\/bjhp.12497","article-title":"Determinants of physical activity among adults in the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 pandemic: the DUK-COVID study.","volume":"26","author":"J Spence","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Health Psychol."},{"key":"ref-73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2020.110292","article-title":"Physical inactivity and elevated TV-viewing reported changes during the COVID-19 pandemic are associated with mental health: a survey with 43,995 Brazilian adults.","volume":"140","author":"A Werneck","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res."},{"key":"ref-74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113339","article-title":"Associations of moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary behavior with depressive and anxiety symptoms in self-isolating people during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey in Brazil.","volume":"292","author":"F Schuch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref-75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12123660","article-title":"Dietary habits and psychological states during COVID-19 home isolation in Italian college students: the role of physical exercise.","volume":"12","author":"S Amatori","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"ref-76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101-110","DOI":"10.1007\/s10597-020-00728-y","article-title":"Prevalence, psychological responses and associated correlates of depression, anxiety and stress in a global population, during the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic.","volume":"57","author":"S Shah","year":"2021","journal-title":"Community Ment Health J."},{"key":"ref-77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444-453","DOI":"10.1089\/hs.2020.0062","article-title":"Factors associated with psychological distress and physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"18","author":"A Sfendla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Health Secur."},{"key":"ref-78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9124023","article-title":"Physical activity and mental health of patients with Pulmonary Hypertension during the COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"9","author":"C Dobler","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med."},{"key":"ref-79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309-312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.08.030","article-title":"Mental health and sleep disturbances in physically active adults during the COVID-19 lockdown in Norway: does change in physical activity level matter?","volume":"77","author":"L Ernstsen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref-80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mhpa.2020.100361","article-title":"Resilience and physical activity in people under home isolation due to COVID-19: a preliminary evaluation.","volume":"19","author":"A Carriedo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ment Health Phys Act."},{"key":"ref-81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3375-3383","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14580","article-title":"COVID-19 pandemic and mental distress in multiple sclerosis: implications for clinical management.","volume":"28","author":"T Costabile","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol."},{"key":"ref-82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17217964","article-title":"Physical activity and sociodemographic profile of Brazilian people during COVID-19 outbreak: an online and cross-sectional survey.","volume":"17","author":"R Vancini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17249565","article-title":"Psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on Hungarian adults.","volume":"17","author":"C Szab\u00f3","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23-30","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckaa208","article-title":"Sleep pattern in the US and 16 European countries during the COVID-19 outbreak using crowdsourced smartphone data.","volume":"31","author":"P Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Public Health."},{"key":"ref-85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13074","article-title":"Changes in sleep pattern, sense of time and digital media use during COVID-19 lockdown in Italy.","volume":"29","author":"N Cellini","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Sleep Res."},{"key":"ref-86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134-142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2020.12.008","article-title":"Sleeping when the world locks down: correlates of sleep health during the COVID-19 pandemic across 59 countries.","volume":"7","author":"D Yuksel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep Health."},{"key":"ref-87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13119","article-title":"Covid-19 health crisis and lockdown associated with high level of sleep complaints and hypnotic uptake at the population level.","volume":"30","author":"F Beck","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Sleep Res."},{"key":"ref-88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8-15","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-10056-6","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on sleep quality in university students and administration staff.","volume":"268","author":"S Marelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neurol."},{"key":"ref-89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66-73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.11.020","article-title":"Correlates of insomnia among the adults during COVID19 pandemic: evidence from an online survey in India.","volume":"77","author":"A Lahiri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref-90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115-119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.11.029","article-title":"Would we recover better sleep at the end of Covid-19? A relative improvement observed at the population level with the end of the lockdown in France.","volume":"78","author":"F Beck","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref-91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-041995","article-title":"Anxiety and depressive symptoms are associated with poor sleep health during a period of COVID-19-induced nationwide lockdown: a cross-sectional analysis of adults in Jordan.","volume":"10","author":"Y Al-Ajlouni","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open."},{"key":"ref-92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17207417","article-title":"Mental well-being (depression, loneliness, insomnia, Daily Life Fatigue) during COVID-19 related home-confinement-a study from Poland.","volume":"17","author":"A Bartoszek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S163-S175","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd-cus-2020-015","article-title":"Impact of the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on sleep.","volume":"12","author":"L P\u00e9rez-Carbonell","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis."},{"key":"ref-94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/jphr.2020.1826","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on sleep-wake schedule and associated lifestyle related behavior: a national survey.","volume":"9","author":"M Sinha","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Public Health Res."},{"key":"ref-95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191-1200","DOI":"10.1080\/07420528.2020.1786107","article-title":"COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown: cause of sleep disruption, depression, somatic pain, and increased screen exposure of office workers and students of India.","volume":"37","author":"P Majumdar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chronobiol Int."},{"key":"ref-96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1311-1316","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0957","article-title":"High sensitivity of human melatonin, alertness, thermoregulation, and heart rate to short wavelength light.","volume":"90","author":"C Cajochen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"ref-97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13052","article-title":"Dealing with sleep problems during home confinement due to the COVID-19 outbreak: practical recommendations from a task force of the European CBT-I academy.","volume":"29","author":"E Altena","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Sleep Res."},{"key":"ref-98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R795-R797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.06.021","article-title":"Effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on human sleep and rest-activity rhythms.","volume":"30","author":"C Blume","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Biol."},{"key":"ref-99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R797-R798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.06.022","article-title":"Sleep in university students prior to and during COVID-19 stay-at-home orders.","volume":"30","author":"K Wright","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Biol."},{"key":"ref-100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86-88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.09.029","article-title":"Sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic: not one size fits all.","volume":"76","author":"D Kocevska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref-101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1-10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.06.032","article-title":"Sleep health early in the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in the United States: integrating longitudinal, cross-sectional, and retrospective recall data.","volume":"73","author":"C Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref-102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33-35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.09.015","article-title":"The impact of COVID-19 related school shutdown on sleep in adolescents: a natural experiment.","volume":"76","author":"R Gruber","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref-103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2020.110282","article-title":"Stay-at-home circumstances do not produce sleep disorders: an international survey during the COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"139","author":"Y Roitblat","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res."},{"key":"ref-104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18031011","article-title":"Quit experiences among primary care patients enrolled in a smoking cessation pilot RCT early in the COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"18","author":"A Joyce","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1662-1663","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntaa072","article-title":"Change in tobacco and electronic cigarette use and motivation to quit in response to COVID-19.","volume":"22","author":"E Klemperer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res."},{"key":"ref-106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.18332\/tid\/125580","article-title":"The double-edged relationship between COVID-19 stress and smoking: Implications for smoking cessation.","volume":"18","author":"J Bommele","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tob Induc Dis."},{"key":"ref-107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1671-1672","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntaa097","article-title":"Tobacco use patterns in five countries during the COVID-19 lockdown.","volume":"22","author":"D Yach","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res."},{"key":"ref-108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353-362","DOI":"10.19191\/EP20.5-6.S2.137","article-title":"Did social isolation during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic have an impact on the lifestyles of citizens?","volume":"44","author":"G Ferrante","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epidemiol Prev."},{"key":"ref-109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1075-1081","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S280892","article-title":"Influence of confinement by COVID-19 on the quality of sleep and the interests of university students.","volume":"12","author":"I Mart\u00ednez-Lezaun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Sci Sleep."},{"key":"ref-110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acvdsp.2020.10.265","article-title":"Alarming increased rate of smoking and associated lifestyle behaviours in patients with chronic cardiac diseases during COVID-19 pandemic related lockdown.","volume":"13","author":"F Chagu\u00e9","year":"2021","journal-title":"Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements."},{"key":"ref-111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/hpr.2020.9124","article-title":"Smoking behavior and psychological dynamics during COVID-19 social distancing and stay-at-home policies: a survey.","volume":"8","author":"P Caponnetto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Health Psychol Res."},{"key":"ref-112","first-page":"171-176","article-title":"Changes in alcohol use patterns in the United States during COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"119","author":"N Boschuetz","year":"2020","journal-title":"WMJ."},{"key":"ref-113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17134677","article-title":"Alcohol consumption reported during the COVID-19 pandemic: the initial stage.","volume":"17","author":"J Chodkiewicz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2020.108461","article-title":"Factors associated with drinking behaviour during COVID-19 social distancing and lockdown among adults in the UK.","volume":"219","author":"C Garnett","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"ref-115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440-441","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.13075","article-title":"Effect of lockdown following COVID-19 pandemic on alcohol use and help-seeking behavior: observations and insights from a sample of alcohol use disorder patients under treatment from a tertiary care center.","volume":"74","author":"Y Balhara","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci."},{"key":"ref-116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392-396","DOI":"10.17269\/s41997-020-00360-z","article-title":"Is another public health crisis brewing beneath the COVID-19 pandemic?","volume":"111","author":"E Hobin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Can J Public Health."},{"key":"ref-117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2020.108488","article-title":"Alcohol use and mental health during COVID-19 lockdown: a cross-sectional study in a sample of UK adults.","volume":"219","author":"L Jacob","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"ref-118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268-270","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.13066","article-title":"Brief report: increased addictive internet and substance use behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic in China.","volume":"29","author":"Y Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Addict."},{"key":"ref-119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215-225","DOI":"10.1080\/10550887.2020.1848247","article-title":"COVID-19 lockdown leads to changes in alcohol consumption patterns. Results from the Polish national survey.","volume":"39","author":"D Szajnoga","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Addict Dis."},{"key":"ref-120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(20)30159-X","article-title":"Drinking alone: COVID-19, lockdown, and alcohol-related harm.","volume":"5","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"key":"ref-121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542-549","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.13099","article-title":"Alcohol use in Australia during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic: initial results from the COLLATE project.","volume":"74","author":"E Neill","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci."},{"key":"ref-122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147-1158","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-020-00432-8","article-title":"Changes in alcohol use during the COVID-19 pandemic: impact of the lockdown conditions and mental health factors.","volume":"20","author":"E Schmits","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Ment Health Addict."},{"key":"ref-123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113676","article-title":"Alcohol dependence during COVID-19 lockdowns.","volume":"296","author":"W Killgore","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref-124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886-887","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(20)30251-X","article-title":"Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on alcohol consumption in patients with pre-existing alcohol use disorder.","volume":"5","author":"J Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"key":"ref-125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725-730","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2020.81.725","article-title":"Changes in alcohol consumption among college students due to COVID-19: effects of campus closure and residential change.","volume":"81","author":"H White","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Stud Alcohol Drugs."},{"key":"ref-126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106772","article-title":"Prior drinking motives predict alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 lockdown: a cross-sectional online survey among Belgian college students.","volume":"115","author":"Z Bollen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Addict Behav."},{"key":"ref-127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297-300","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.13079","article-title":"Illicit drug use and harms in Australia in the context of COVID-19 and associated restrictions: anticipated consequences and initial responses.","volume":"39","author":"P Dietze","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Rev."},{"key":"ref-128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/19630","article-title":"Global changes and factors of increase in caloric\/salty food intake, screen use, and substance use during the early COVID-19 containment phase in the general population in France: survey study.","volume":"6","author":"B Rolland","year":"2020","journal-title":"JMIR Public Health Surveill."},{"key":"ref-129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2104-2115","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15387","article-title":"For better or for worse? A pre-post exploration of the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on cannabis users.","volume":"116","author":"J Cousijn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Addiction."},{"key":"ref-130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113407","article-title":"Psychological factors associated with substance use initiation during the COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"293","author":"A Rogers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref-131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570-587","DOI":"10.1111\/bjhp.12493","article-title":"Explaining the rise and fall of psychological distress during the COVID-19 crisis in the United States: longitudinal evidence from the understanding America study.","volume":"26","author":"E Robinson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Health Psychol."},{"key":"ref-132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17239083","article-title":"Psychological impact of corona lockdown in Germany: changes in need satisfaction, well-being, anxiety, and depression.","volume":"17","author":"M Schwinger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.112915","article-title":"The emotional impact of Coronavirus 2019-nCoV (new Coronavirus disease).","volume":"287","author":"C Lima","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref-134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113462","article-title":"Lockdown, quarantine measures, and social distancing: associations with depression, anxiety and distress at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic among adults from Germany.","volume":"293","author":"C Benke","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref-135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842-849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.09.018","article-title":"Longitudinal evaluation of the psychological impact of the COVID-19 crisis in Spain.","volume":"277","author":"A Planchuelo-G\u00f3mez","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"ref-136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0246204","article-title":"Cognitive and mental health changes and their vulnerability factors related to COVID-19 lockdown in Italy.","volume":"16","author":"E Fiorenzato","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"ref-137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0244809","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health: an international study.","volume":"15","author":"A Gloster","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"ref-138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2020.152214","article-title":"Changes in lifestyle resulting from confinement due to COVID-19 and depressive symptomatology: a cross-sectional a population-based study.","volume":"104","author":"J Garre-Olmo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2170-2182","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.23064","article-title":"Mental distress among U.S. adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"76","author":"J Twenge","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Psychol."},{"key":"ref-140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.112934","article-title":"The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China.","volume":"287","author":"W Cao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref-141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.589901","article-title":"Effects of COVID-19 pandemic confinement in patients with cognitive impairment.","volume":"11","author":"A Barguilla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Neurol."},{"key":"ref-142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.578015","article-title":"Behavioral and psychological effects of coronavirus disease-19 quarantine in patients with dementia.","volume":"11","author":"A Cagnin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2020.99","article-title":"Risk of depression in family caregivers: unintended consequence of COVID-19.","volume":"6","author":"S Gallagher","year":"2020","journal-title":"BJPsych Open."},{"key":"ref-144","first-page":"690-695","article-title":"Lifestyle, behavior, perception and practices of Nepalese during lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"58","author":"S Kandel","year":"2020","journal-title":"JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc."},{"key":"ref-145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666-674","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764020932207","article-title":"COVID-19 quarantine: post-traumatic stress symptomatology among lebanese citizens.","volume":"66","author":"M Fawaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Soc Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1666-1673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2020.10.013","article-title":"Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia.","volume":"28","author":"F Alshehri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm J."},{"key":"ref-147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379-391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.043","article-title":"Psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines.","volume":"277","author":"M Tee","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"ref-148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/24776","article-title":"Psychological impacts of COVID-19 during the first nationwide lockdown in Vietnam: web-based, cross-sectional survey study.","volume":"4","author":"K Duong","year":"2020","journal-title":"JMIR Form Res."},{"key":"ref-149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756-762","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764020934508","article-title":"Depression, anxiety, and stress and socio-demographic correlates among general Indian public during COVID-19.","volume":"66","author":"S Verma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Soc Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0240501","article-title":"Psychological impact of mass quarantine on population during pandemics-The COVID-19 Lock-Down (COLD) study.","volume":"15","author":"D Pandey","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"ref-151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31-35","DOI":"10.5958\/2394-2061.2021.00009.4","article-title":"The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated risk factors during the initial stage among the general population in India.","volume":"12","author":"M Hazarika","year":"2021","journal-title":"Open J Psychiatry Allied Sci."},{"key":"ref-152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0240008","article-title":"Behavioral and sociodemographic predictors of anxiety and depression in patients under epidemiological surveillance for COVID-19 in Ecuador.","volume":"15","author":"C Paz","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"ref-153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507-512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnu.2020.08.003","article-title":"Effect of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health among Albanian people residing in the country and abroad - implications for mental care.","volume":"34","author":"F Kamberi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Psychiatr Nurs."},{"key":"ref-154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249-256","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13219","article-title":"Anxiety and depression in the republic of Ireland during the COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"142","author":"P Hyland","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand."},{"key":"ref-155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105320967086","article-title":"Psychological symptoms of the outbreak of the COVID-19 confinement in Spain.","author":"P Odriozola-Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Health Psychol."},{"key":"ref-156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.570065","article-title":"Assessment of depression severity during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic among the Palestinian population: a growing concern and an immediate consideration.","volume":"11","author":"H Al Zabadi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328-337","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000871","article-title":"Mental health during COVID-19 lockdown in the United Kingdom.","volume":"83","author":"C Pieh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychosom Med."},{"key":"ref-158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977-985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.09.014","article-title":"The psychological burden of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdown measures: experience from 4000 participants.","volume":"277","author":"W Burhamah","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"ref-159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6794","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17186794","article-title":"Impact on mental health due to COVID-19 pandemic: cross-sectional study in Portugal and Brazil.","volume":"17","author":"L Passos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e87","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2020.89","article-title":"Effects of the lockdown on the mental health of the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: results from the COMET collaborative network.","volume":"63","author":"A Fiorillo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1165-1172","DOI":"10.26719\/emhj.20.115","article-title":"The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health: early quarantine-related anxiety and its correlates among Jordanians.","volume":"26","author":"I Massad","year":"2020","journal-title":"East Mediterr Health J."},{"key":"ref-162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.579038","article-title":"Immediate psychological effects of the COVID-19 quarantine in youth from Italy and Spain.","volume":"11","author":"M Orgil\u00e9s","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychol."},{"key":"ref-163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare8040472","article-title":"Adolescent lifestyle behaviors, coping strategies and subjective wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic: an online student survey.","volume":"8","author":"Y Pigaiani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)."},{"key":"ref-164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jksus.2020.101262","article-title":"Psychological well-being during COVID-19 lockdown: insights from a Saudi State University's Academic Community.","volume":"33","author":"H Alfawaz","year":"2021","journal-title":"J King Saud Univ Sci."},{"key":"ref-165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1002-1015","DOI":"10.1111\/famp.12618","article-title":"Stress-Buffering role of social support during COVID-19.","volume":"60","author":"E Szkody","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fam Process."},{"key":"ref-166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295-305","DOI":"10.1007\/s10389-020-01456-z","article-title":"The COVID-19 epidemic in Poland and its influence on the quality of life of university students (young adults) in the context of restricted access to public spaces.","volume":"31","author":"A Szczepa\u0144ska","year":"2023","journal-title":"Z Gesundh Wiss."},{"key":"ref-167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3103-3120","DOI":"10.2147\/RMHP.S284102","article-title":"Psychological distress in quarantine designated facility during COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia.","volume":"13","author":"A Alkhamees","year":"2020","journal-title":"Risk Manag Healthc Policy."},{"key":"ref-168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695-705","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-020-03034-x","article-title":"COVID-19 quarantine-related mental health symptoms and their correlates among mothers: a cross sectional study.","volume":"25","author":"S Malkawi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J."},{"key":"ref-169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127-130","DOI":"10.1093\/ppar\/prx030","article-title":"The potential public health relevance of social isolation and loneliness: prevalence, epidemiology, and risk factors.","volume":"27","author":"J Holt-Lunstad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Public Policy Aging Rep."},{"key":"ref-170","first-page":"132-136","article-title":"Investigation and analysis of negative emotion among university students during home quarantine of COVID-19.","volume":"42","author":"T Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Medical Sciences)."},{"key":"ref-171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2020.105595","article-title":"The effect of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on health-related quality of life in children.","volume":"119","author":"D Ad\u0131belli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Child Youth Serv Rev."},{"key":"ref-172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssaho.2020.100042","article-title":"\u201cI feel like death on legs\u201d: COVID-19 isolation and mental health.","volume":"2","author":"M Herat","year":"2020","journal-title":"Soc Sci Humanit Open."},{"key":"ref-173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e33","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2021.36.e33","article-title":"The psychological burden of COVID-19 stigma: evaluation of the mental health of isolated mild condition COVID-19 patients.","volume":"36","author":"E Kang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci."},{"key":"ref-174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00790","article-title":"COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures impact on mental health among the general population in Italy.","volume":"11","author":"R Rossi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1925-1942","DOI":"10.1007\/s11482-020-09851-0","article-title":"Do quarantine experiences and attitudes towards COVID-19 affect the distribution of mental health in China? A quantile regression analysis.","volume":"16","author":"H Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl Res Qual Life."},{"key":"ref-176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341-346","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afaa255","article-title":"Life in lockdown: a telephone survey to investigate the impact of COVID-19 lockdown measures on the lives of older people (\u2265 75 years).","volume":"50","author":"L Brown","year":"2021","journal-title":"Age Ageing."},{"key":"ref-177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293-020-00333-4","article-title":"Sex differences in self-report anxiety and sleep quality during COVID-19 stay-at-home orders.","volume":"11","author":"J Bigalke","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol Sex Differ."},{"key":"ref-178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-020-03027-8","article-title":"Psychological distress among Italians during the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) quarantine.","volume":"21","author":"M Bonati","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145-156","DOI":"10.1080\/10615806.2020.1861253","article-title":"Mental health and its psychosocial predictors during national quarantine in Italy against the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).","volume":"34","author":"G Prati","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anxiety Stress Coping."},{"key":"ref-180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5-13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.07.126","article-title":"Elevated depression and anxiety symptoms among pregnant individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"277","author":"C Lebel","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"ref-181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104965","article-title":"Preliminary findings on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mood and daily routines of women from the BABIP birth cohort.","volume":"119","author":"N Atesyakar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology."},{"key":"ref-182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-042871","article-title":"Examining the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on family mental health in Canada: findings from a national cross-sectional study.","volume":"11","author":"A Gadermann","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open."},{"key":"ref-183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1-7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.05.009","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of PTSD and depressive symptoms one month after the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in a sample of home-quarantined Chinese university students.","volume":"274","author":"W Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"ref-184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113486","article-title":"Psychological distress during the COVID-19 lockdown: the young adults most at risk.","volume":"293","author":"F Glowacz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref-185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7-10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.11.032","article-title":"Mental health of college students during the COVID-19 epidemic in China.","volume":"280","author":"W Fu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"ref-186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8520","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17228520","article-title":"Psychological distress of university workers during COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil.","volume":"17","author":"F Serralta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189-192","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2020-214453","article-title":"Psychological and behavioural responses to COVID-19: a China-Britain comparison.","volume":"75","author":"R Goodwin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health."},{"key":"ref-188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4151-4156","DOI":"10.1590\/1413-812320202510.2.27862020","article-title":"Lifestyle behaviors changes during the COVID-19 pandemic quarantine among 6,881 Brazilian adults with depression and 35,143 without depression.","volume":"25","author":"A Werneck","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cien Saude Colet."},{"key":"ref-189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113396","article-title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in the general Chinese population: changes, predictors and psychosocial correlates.","volume":"293","author":"H Duan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref-190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475-482","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000002493","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19-Related stress and lockdown on mental health among people living with HIV in Argentina.","volume":"85","author":"J Ballivian","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr."},{"key":"ref-191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880-887","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcf.2020.07.022","article-title":"The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the emotional well-being and home treatment of Belgian patients with cystic fibrosis, including transplanted patients and paediatric patients.","volume":"19","author":"T Havermans","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cyst Fibros."},{"key":"ref-192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgast-2020-000541","article-title":"Life in lockdown: experiences of patients with IBD during COVID-19.","volume":"7","author":"R Harris","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref-193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4813-4822","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-021-01019-y","article-title":"The impact of quarantine on mental health status among general population in China during the COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"26","author":"Y Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"946-966","DOI":"10.1111\/aphw.12234","article-title":"Who is the most stressed during the COVID-19 pandemic? Data from 26 countries and areas.","volume":"12","author":"M Kowal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl Psychol Health Well Being."},{"key":"ref-195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885-890","DOI":"10.1080\/07481187.2020.1784312","article-title":"Suicide risk during the lockdown due to Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Colombia.","volume":"46","author":"C Caballero-Dom\u00ednguez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Death Stud."},{"key":"ref-196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113145","article-title":"Aggregated COVID-19 suicide incidences in India: fear of COVID-19 infection is the prominent causative factor.","volume":"290","author":"D Dsouza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref-197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113298","article-title":"University students' changes in mental health status and determinants of behavior during the COVID-19 lockdown in Greece.","volume":"292","author":"M Patsali","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref-198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80-81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.06.027","article-title":"Coping behaviors associated with decreased anxiety and depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown.","volume":"275","author":"M Fullana","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"ref-199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0241658","article-title":"Psychological distress, anxiety, family violence, suicidality, and wellbeing in New Zealand during the COVID-19 lockdown: a cross-sectional study.","volume":"15","author":"S Every-Palmer","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"ref-200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2020.103840","article-title":"Psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic in Italian families of children with neurodevelopmental disorders.","volume":"109","author":"A Bentenuto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Res Dev Disabil."},{"key":"ref-201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2020.110219","article-title":"Mental health consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak in Spain. A longitudinal study of the alarm situation and return to the new normality.","volume":"107","author":"C Gonz\u00e1lez-Sanguino","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280-286","DOI":"10.24869\/psyd.2020.280","article-title":"COVID-19 pandemic: psycho-social consequences during the social distancing period among Najran city population.","volume":"32","author":"A Al-Qahtani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatr Danub."},{"key":"ref-203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17176237","article-title":"COVID-19 home confinement negatively impacts social participation and life satisfaction: a worldwide multicenter study.","volume":"17","author":"A Ammar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18030999","article-title":"COVID-19 isolation in healthy population in Israel: challenges in daily life, mental health, resilience, and quality of life.","volume":"18","author":"L Lipskaya-Velikovsky","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/s41599-021-00710-3","article-title":"The effects of social isolation on well-being and life satisfaction during pandemic.","volume":"8","author":"R Clair","year":"2021","journal-title":"Humanit Soc Sci Commun."},{"key":"ref-206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.586222","article-title":"Facing loneliness and anxiety during the COVID-19 isolation: the role of excessive social media use in a sample of Italian adults.","volume":"11","author":"V Boursier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0235871","article-title":"The passage of time during the UK COVID-19 lockdown.","volume":"15","author":"R Ogden","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"ref-208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0239698","article-title":"Loneliness in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic: cross-sectional results from the COVID-19 psychological wellbeing study.","volume":"15","author":"J Groarke","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"ref-209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su12219133","article-title":"Family coping strategies during Finland\u2019s COVID-19 lockdown.","volume":"12","author":"M Salin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sustainability."},{"key":"ref-210","article-title":"Canadian Perspectives Survey Series 1: Impacts of COVID-19","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref-211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240-250","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnaa194","article-title":"Well-Being and loneliness in Swiss older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of social relationships.","volume":"61","author":"B Macdonald","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gerontologist."},{"key":"ref-212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128-135","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.12816","article-title":"Implications of COVID-19-induced nationwide lockdown on children's behaviour in Punjab, India.","volume":"47","author":"B Sama","year":"2021","journal-title":"Child Care Health Dev."},{"key":"ref-213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1106-1116","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.36.5.3088","article-title":"Psychological burden of quarantine in children and adolescents: a rapid systematic review and proposed solutions.","volume":"36","author":"N Imran","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pak J Med Sci."},{"key":"ref-214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1-7","DOI":"10.3928\/02793695-20201104-04","article-title":"Physical activity, screen time, and mood disturbance among Chinese adolescents during COVID-19.","author":"S Xiao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv."},{"key":"ref-215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2020.152222","article-title":"Generalized anxiety and depressive symptoms in various age groups during the COVID-19 lockdown in Poland. Specific predictors and differences in symptoms severity.","volume":"105","author":"M Gambin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17197327","article-title":"Life conditions during COVID-19 lockdown and mental health in Spanish adolescents.","volume":"17","author":"L Ezpeleta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355-360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneb.2008.05.012","article-title":"Gender, marital status, and commercially prepared food expenditure.","volume":"40","author":"E Kroshus","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Nutr Educ Behav."},{"key":"ref-218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2302-2304","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp2024046","article-title":"A pandemic within a pandemic - intimate partner violence during COVID-19.","volume":"383","author":"M Evans","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"ref-219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1621-1623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2020.08.028","article-title":"Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on patients with chronic diseases.","volume":"14","author":"M Saqib","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr."},{"key":"ref-220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285-286","DOI":"10.1097\/HCR.0000000000000539","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators.","volume":"40","author":"B Sassone","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev."},{"key":"ref-221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1211-1216","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2020.11.25449","article-title":"Remotely monitored inactivity due to COVID-19 lockdowns. Potential hazard for heart failure patients.","volume":"41","author":"A Al Fagih","year":"2020","journal-title":"Saudi Med J."},{"key":"ref-222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4420-4423","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.13016","article-title":"Impact of lockdown on patients with congestive heart failure during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.","volume":"7","author":"F Chagu\u00e9","year":"2020","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref-223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.590134","article-title":"Changes in motor, cognitive, and behavioral symptoms in Parkinson's disease and mild cognitive impairment during the COVID-19 lockdown.","volume":"11","author":"R Baschi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2020.102603","article-title":"Physical activity behavior in people with multiple sclerosis during the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel: results of an online survey.","volume":"47","author":"A Kalron","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord."},{"key":"ref-225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10-15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcd.2020.07.001","article-title":"Awareness regarding COVID-19 and problems being faced by young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus amid nationwide lockdown in India: a qualitative interview study.","volume":"15","author":"R Pal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prim Care Diabetes."},{"key":"ref-226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917-920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2020.05.044","article-title":"Effects of nationwide lockdown during COVID-19 epidemic on lifestyle and other medical issues of patients with type 2 diabetes in North India.","volume":"14","author":"A Ghosh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr."},{"key":"ref-227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ecc.13385","article-title":"Living with cancer in the COVID-19 pandemic: an Italian survey on self-isolation at home.","volume":"30","author":"V Biagioli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Care (Engl)."},{"key":"ref-228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1-7","DOI":"10.1080\/07347332.2020.1853653","article-title":"Loneliness and depression in patients with cancer during COVID-19.","author":"S Gallagher","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Psychosoc Oncol."},{"key":"ref-229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12082327","article-title":"COVID-19 lockdown and changes of the dietary pattern and physical activity habits in a cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.","volume":"12","author":"M Ruiz-Roso","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"ref-230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.584642","article-title":"The urgent need for recommending physical activity for the management of diabetes during and beyond COVID-19 outbreak.","volume":"11","author":"I Mar\u00e7al","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)."},{"key":"ref-231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95-101","DOI":"10.2478\/prilozi-2020-0038","article-title":"Pandemic with COVID-19 and families with children with chronic respiratory diseases.","volume":"41","author":"T Zorcec","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki)."},{"key":"ref-232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44-48","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2021.1.25620","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on glycemic control in children and adolescents.","volume":"42","author":"A Al Agha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Saudi Med J."},{"key":"ref-233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2020.108514","article-title":"Factors contributing to glycemic control in diabetes mellitus patients complying with home quarantine during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic.","volume":"170","author":"J Tao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract."},{"key":"ref-234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1967-1972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2020.10.010","article-title":"Effect of COVID19 pandemic and national lockdown on Persons With Diabetes from rural areas availing care in a tertiary care center, Southern India.","volume":"14","author":"J Olickal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr."},{"key":"ref-235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1579-1584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2020.08.011","article-title":"A cross sectional study reveals severe disruption in glycemic control in people with diabetes during and after lockdown in India.","volume":"14","author":"M Khader","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr."},{"key":"ref-236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1963-1966","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2020.10.007","article-title":"The effect of COVID-19 lockdown on glycemic control in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Turkey.","volume":"14","author":"A \u00d6nmez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr."},{"key":"ref-237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2020.107748","article-title":"The early impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes: a national cohort study.","volume":"34","author":"L Fisher","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Diabetes Complications."},{"key":"ref-238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2020.09.008","article-title":"Effects of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study.","volume":"47","author":"L Ghesqui\u00e8re","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab."},{"key":"ref-239","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476-481","DOI":"10.1007\/s13410-020-00880-x","article-title":"Improved glycemic control amongst people with long-standing diabetes during COVID-19 lockdown: a prospective, observational, nested cohort study.","volume":"40","author":"A Rastogi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries."},{"key":"ref-240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285-287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2020.08.094","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on lifestyle adherence in stay-at-home patients with Chronic Coronary Syndromes: towards a time bomb.","volume":"323","author":"A Cransac-Miet","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol."},{"key":"ref-241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2021.101064","article-title":"The effects of COVID-19 restrictions on physical activity and mental health of children and young adults with physical and\/or intellectual disabilities.","volume":"14","author":"N Theis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Disabil Health J."},{"key":"ref-242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18031062","article-title":"A qualitative study of child and adolescent mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ireland.","volume":"18","author":"K O'Sullivan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"ref-243","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20-26","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-10064-6","article-title":"Significant reduction of physical activity in patients with neuromuscular disease during COVID-19 pandemic: the long-term consequences of quarantine.","volume":"268","author":"V Di Stefano","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neurol."},{"key":"ref-244","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1409-1416","DOI":"10.1111\/ppc.12706","article-title":"Evaluation of the chronic disease management and depression levels of people over 65 years of age during the COVID-19 pandemic period.","volume":"57","author":"A Irmak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Perspect Psychiatr Care."},{"key":"ref-245","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102081","article-title":"Patients with chronic illness urgently need integrated physical and psychological care during the COVID-19 outbreak.","volume":"51","author":"C Kang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asian J Psychiatr."},{"key":"ref-246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787-788","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291720002500","article-title":"COVID-19 lockdown and mental health: why we must look into oncology units.","volume":"52","author":"C Croizier","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychol Med."},{"key":"ref-247","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.597881","article-title":"Investigating the effects of COVID-19 quarantine in migraine: an observational cross-sectional study from the Italian national headache registry (RICe).","volume":"11","author":"M Delussi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Neurol."},{"key":"ref-248","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"865-870","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102420981739","article-title":"Effect of lockdown during COVID-19 on migraine: a longitudinal cohort study.","volume":"41","author":"I Verhagen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cephalalgia."},{"key":"ref-249","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1815-1819","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2020.09.005","article-title":"Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on type 2 diabetes, lifestyle and psychosocial health: a hospital-based cross-sectional survey from South India.","volume":"14","author":"P Sankar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr."},{"key":"ref-250","article-title":"The COVID-19 pandemic is disrupting people\u2019s food environments: a resource list on Food Systems and Nutrition responses","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref-251","article-title":"The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref-252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-020-02399-5","article-title":"Eating habits and lifestyle changes during COVID-19 lockdown: an Italian survey.","volume":"18","author":"L Di Renzo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Transl Med."},{"key":"ref-253","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437-445","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.111.019620","article-title":"Amount of time spent in sedentary behaviors and cause-specific mortality in US adults.","volume":"95","author":"C Matthews","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"key":"ref-254","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183-1184","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2020-102575","article-title":"Is the COVID-19 lockdown nudging people to be more active: a big data analysis.","volume":"54","author":"D Ding","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med."},{"key":"ref-255","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1467-1472","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-0186","article-title":"Change in sleep duration and type 2 diabetes: the Whitehall II study.","volume":"38","author":"J Ferrie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"key":"ref-256","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651-662","DOI":"10.1016\/S1047-9651(18)30186-4","article-title":"Prayer and meditation as medical therapies.","volume":"10","author":"R Harmon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am."},{"key":"ref-257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749-756","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-020-01082-4","article-title":"Women's mental health: acute impact of COVID-19 pandemic on domestic violence.","volume":"23","author":"S Sediri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Womens Ment Health."},{"key":"ref-258","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamahealthforum.2020.0588","article-title":"Colorectal cancer screening and prevention in the COVID-19 era.","volume":"1","author":"R Issaka","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Health Forum."},{"key":"ref-259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441-445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.04.005","article-title":"The COVID-19 pandemic will have a long-lasting impact on the quality of cirrhosis care.","volume":"73","author":"E Tapper","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Hepatol."},{"key":"ref-260","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381-96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.06.028","article-title":"Systematic review of Artificial Intelligence techniques in the detection and classification of COVID-19 medical images in terms of evaluation and benchmarking: taxonomy analysis, challenges, future solutions and methodological aspects.","volume":"13","author":"O Albahri","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect Public Health."},{"key":"ref-261","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-020-01582-x","article-title":"Role of biological data mining and machine learning techniques in detecting and diagnosing the novel coronavirus (COVID-19): a systematic review.","volume":"44","author":"A Albahri","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Syst."}],"container-title":["F1000Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-363\/v2\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-363\/v2\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-363\/v2\/iparadigms","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]],"date-time":"2024-10-10T08:22:24Z","timestamp":1728548544000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-363\/v2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]]},"references-count":261,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.52535.2","relation":{"has-version":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.12688\/f1000research.52535.1","asserted-by":"subject"}],"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5256\/f1000research.169755.r327131","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5256\/f1000research.169755.r327131","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2046-1402"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2046-1402","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-363\/v2#article-reports","order":0,"name":"referee-status","label":"Referee status","group":{"name":"current-referee-status","label":"Current Referee Status"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.55830.r115298, Ahmed Shihab Albahri, Faculty of Human Development, Sultan Idris University of Education (UPSI), Tanjong Malim, 06 Jan 2022, version 1, 3 approved with reservations, 1 not approved","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-363\/v1#referee-response-115298","order":0,"name":"referee-response-115298","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>Sathyanarayanan Doraiswamy<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 22 Sep 2024<\/i>; \n<b>The authors would like to thank the reviewer for the comments. Our point-by-point response is as below:<\/b>  1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Remove references from the conclusion section. &nbsp;\n<b>This has now been done.<\/b>  2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; There is no clear conclusion that has been raised in this manuscript. Provide more criticism in the abstract, introduction, and conclusion. \n<b>The conclusion has been revised based on the valuable suggestions provided by the reviewer.<\/b>  3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Why do authors depend their search based on two databases only? What about other reliable databases such as Web of Science, Science Direct, and Scopus? I think there is no justification for this concern. &nbsp;\n<b>Justification now provided in the methods section.<\/b>  4.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; How can narrative review include a method like a systematic review? What is the difference? The authors should report that to the readers. \n<b>Key difference highlighted and a reference for further reading included in the introduction section.<\/b>  5.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I can see the introduction is not suitable when it is presented. The introduction should clarify many subjects within. Thus, the introduction needs to clarify the motivation, challenges, contribution, objective, significance, and others. All the information should be presented in sequence idea.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;\n<b>The introduction is presented in sequence in tandem with comments from all reviewers.<\/b>  6.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Write the conclusion and consider the following comments: Highlight your analysis and reflect only the important points for the whole paper. Mention the benefits.&nbsp; Mention the implication in the last of this section. \n<b>The first part of the conclusion has been rewritten in accordance with the reviewer\u2019s kind suggestion.<\/b>  7.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The authors mentioned, &quot;Articles were excluded if they did not focus specifically on the six lifestyle factors (dietary habits, physical activity, sleep, tobacco or other substance use, stress, and emotional well-being and social connectedness) or did not discuss lifestyle within the COVID-19 context.&quot; Why? what about others factors. Normally, this type of review is a comprehensive, critical, and objective analysis of the current knowledge on a topic. While we see here, the authors specified these factors from the beginning. I need the authors to defend this comment in the revised manuscript within the &quot;method&quot; section. \n<b>The review looks at six evidence-based lifestyle factors identified by the American College of Lifestyle Medicine. This is mentioned in the introduction and re-emphasized in the methods section.<\/b>  8.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I am surprised the introduction contains only one reference. Also, there is no comparison with any published review articles. Therefore, the authors should provide a clear comparison with academic literature based on specific points. At least four published articles should be included in the benchmark comparison. I added some citations that the authors could use in this comparison. \n<b>Four articles are now included in the introduction section. The specific articles kindly identified by the reviewer have also been included in the introduction and discussion sections. <\/b>","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-363\/v2#referee-comment-12501","order":1,"name":"referee-comment-12501","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.55830.r127652, Magdalena G\u00f3rnicka, Department of Human Nutrition, Warsaw, 26 Jun 2024, version 1, 3 approved with reservations, 1 not approved","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-363\/v1#referee-response-127652","order":2,"name":"referee-response-127652","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>Sathyanarayanan Doraiswamy<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 22 Sep 2024<\/i>; The authors would like to thank the reviewer for the comments. Our point-by-point response is as below:  In the subsection Dietary habits, the authors also took into account the results concerning changes in body weight, which are a result \/ consequence of nutrition but not a lifestyle factor. In my opinion, this subsection requires modification and showing changes in dietary habits. Conclusions should take into account changes in body weight, which were also mainly conditioned by decreased activity.  Response: The subsection on dietary habits has now been reorganized to distinguish between habits and consequences.","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-363\/v2#referee-comment-12502","order":3,"name":"referee-comment-12502","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.55830.r291274, Anna Williams, Save the Children Bangladesh, Dhaka, Dhaka Division, 29 Jun 2024, version 1, 3 approved with reservations, 1 not approved","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-363\/v1#referee-response-291274","order":4,"name":"referee-response-291274","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>Sathyanarayanan Doraiswamy<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 22 Sep 2024<\/i>; The authors would like to thank the reviewer for the comments. Our point-by-point response is as below:  1) The timeframe of the 'lockdown period' is not explicitly defined. Across countries, lockdowns were shaped by national and sub-national policies, and likely varied substantially in their implementation. It would be helpful if, at minimum, a defined lockdown period of time that the search focused on were stated. Some reflection on how lockdown timeframes and policies differed across and within countries would contribute helpful nuance to the overall analysis. \n<b>Lockdown timeframes are now included in the introduction section.<\/b>  2) The use of the present perfect tense (e.g., has had...has encouraged etc.) instead of the past tense makes it feel as if lockdowns are still happening, when at this point, they are now in the past. Suggest revising to consistently use the past tense. \n<b>Tense has been corrected to past tense in all applicable places.<\/b>  More minor comments: 3) In Dietary Habits, Galican should be Galician. \n<b>This is now corrected.<\/b>  4) Recommend that consideration be given, in the mention of families not engaging in meditation and yoga at home, to that families often destress through joint leisure activities, such as playing games and doing projects together. \n<b>This is now included in the sub-section on emotional well-being and social connectedness.<\/b>","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-363\/v2#referee-comment-12503","order":5,"name":"referee-comment-12503","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.169755.r327131, Cavid Baba, Institute of Health Scienes, Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl University School of Medicine, Izmir, 10 Oct 2024, version 2, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-363\/v2#referee-response-327131","order":6,"name":"referee-response-327131","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work","order":7,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}