{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T05:10:03Z","timestamp":1772169003225,"version":"3.50.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.55189.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655856000000}},{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.55189.2","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655856000000}},{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.55189.3","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655856000000}}],"reference-count":17,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655856000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns3:p>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, autoimmune disease characterized by widespread clinical manifestations and immunological disorders. A myriad of ocular manifestations can be seen in patients with SLE. The most vision-threatening complication is vaso-occlusive retinopathy including retinal vein occlusion (RVO). RVO associated with SLE is well described in the literature and its association with antiphospholipid antibodies is recognized. However, RVO as the initial manifestation of SLE is scarcely reported.<\/ns3:p>\n                  <ns3:p>Herein, we report the first case of recurrent RVO as the revealing manifestation of SLE in a 40-year-old male patient. He had two consecutive episodes of decreased vision. Ophthalmologic examination disclosed a branch retinal vein occlusion the first time and a central retinal vein occlusion the second time. The diagnosis of SLE was established based on clinical and immunological criteria. He was prescribed antiplatelet therapy, hydroxychloroquine at 5.5 mg\/kg\/day, and intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibodies regimen. He slowly improved under treatment.<\/ns3:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.55189.4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T10:45:08Z","timestamp":1655894708000},"page":"761","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Case Report: Recurrent retinal vein occlusion as the first clinical manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus in a male patient"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1967-0824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marwa","family":"Ben Brahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7797-4899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sondes","family":"Arfa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fadia","family":"Boubaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jihen","family":"Chelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wafa","family":"Ammari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Hammami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatma","family":"Arbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olfa","family":"Berriche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901-10","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3182870c15","article-title":"Branch retinal vein occlusion: epidemiology, pathogenesis, risk factors, clinical features, diagnosis, and complications. An update of the literature.","volume":"33","author":"A Jaulim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Retina Phila Pa."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63-8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2020.04.005","article-title":"Antiphospholipid syndrome and antiphospholipid antibody profile in patients with retinal vein occlusion.","volume":"190","author":"J Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Thromb Res."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799-14","DOI":"10.1080\/1744666X.2017.1327352","article-title":"Epidemiology of systemic lupus erythematosus.","volume":"13","author":"G Pons-Estel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Immunol."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4081\/cp.2011.e103","article-title":"Male systemic lupus erythematosus, an overlooked diagnosis.","volume":"e103","author":"M do Socorro Teixeira Moreira Almeida","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Pract."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2-7","DOI":"10.4314\/gmj.v53i1.1","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of males with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in an inception cohort of patients in Ghana.","volume":"53","author":"D Dey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ghana Med J."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135-41","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/290898","article-title":"Ocular manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus.","volume":"100","author":"S Silpa-archa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87-100","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1442-9071.2004.00766.x","article-title":"Review of severe vaso-occlusive retinopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus and the antiphospholipid syndrome: associations, visual outcomes, complications and treatment.","volume":"32","author":"A Au","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Experiment 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