{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T05:09:31Z","timestamp":1772168971747,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,9]],"date-time":"2016-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454976000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns4:p>Urethral stricture disease affects many men worldwide. Traditionally, the investigation of choice has been urethrography and the management of choice has been urethrotomy\/dilatation. In this review, we discuss the evidence behind the use of ultrasonography in stricture assessment. We also discuss the factors a surgeon should consider when deciding the management options with each individual patient. Not all strictures are identical and surgeons should appreciate the poor long-term results of urethrotomy\/dilatation for strictures longer than 2 cm, strictures in the penile urethra, recurrent strictures, and strictures secondary to lichen sclerosus. These patients may benefit from primary urethroplasty if they have many adverse features or secondary urethroplasty after the first recurrence.<\/ns4:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.7121.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,9]],"date-time":"2016-02-09T10:46:16Z","timestamp":1455014776000},"page":"153","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Evaluation and management of anterior urethral stricture disease"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Altaf","family":"Mangera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadir","family":"Osman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher R.","family":"Chapple","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref-1","first-page":"160-218","article-title":"Urethral surgery","author":"A Mundy","year":"1988"},{"key":"ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1667-74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.01.041","article-title":"Male urethral stricture disease.","volume":"177","author":"R Santucci","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Urol."},{"key":"ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613-7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2009.10.018","article-title":"Multivariate analysis of risk factors for long-term urethroplasty outcome.","volume":"183","author":"B Breyer","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Urol."},{"key":"ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1190-3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2013.12.063","article-title":"Independently interpreted retrograde urethrography does not accurately diagnose and stage anterior urethral stricture: the importance of urologist-performed urethrography.","volume":"83","author":"P Bach","year":"2014","journal-title":"Urology."},{"key":"ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193-5","DOI":"10.3109\/00365599509180561","article-title":"Bacteriologic, histologic and ultrasonographic findings in strictures recurring after urethrotomy. 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article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}