{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T09:11:41Z","timestamp":1783761101691,"version":"3.55.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.73014.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772496000000}},{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.73014.2","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772496000000}}],"reference-count":66,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772496000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns5:p>\n                    <ns5:bold>Background<\/ns5:bold>\n                    : During the COVID-19 pandemic, Malaysian consumers were more likely to purchase food online and have it delivered to their doorstep. To stay afloat, many restaurants were pushed to provide online food delivery services (OFDS), and this sector has grown tremendously. However, will the trend persist after the pandemic? This study aims to look into how consumers\u2019 perceptions of OFDS affect their attitude towards them. It investigates the relationship between convenience motivation, perceived ease of use, time-saving orientation and price-saving orientation in terms of future intent to use OFDS.\n                    <ns5:bold>Method<\/ns5:bold>\n                    : Primary data was collected from 307 respondents in Malaysia using purposive sampling method through an online survey. Respondents\u2019 demographic background was presented statistically in cross tabulation tables to study the ratio comparison implicitly. Consistent Partial Least Square approach and bootstrapping techniques with 5,000 subsamples was employed, with the aid of SmartPLS.V3 software, to identify the significant factors influencing consumers\u2019 continuance intention after the pandemic.\n                    <ns5:bold>Result<\/ns5:bold>\n                    : Perceived ease of use does not contribute significantly to continuance intention as most consumers have prior online purchase experience.\u00a0 Nevertheless, time-saving orientation has a positive correlation with perceived ease of use due to the simplicity of placing an order with just a click.\u00a0 It is also found that price-saving orientation is related to convenience motivation, particularly when prices can be compared on the websites or online ordering platforms. Consumers\u2019 intention to continue using OFDS even after the COVID-19 pandemic is positively influenced by all the parameters studied, except for perceived ease of use.\n                    <ns5:bold>Conclusion<\/ns5:bold>\n                    : Limited work has been done on the continuance intention to use OFDS beyond the pandemic. This study provides insight for food retailers on how to enhance their business and retain their customers with the support of technology, even after the COVID-19 pandemic.\n                  <\/ns5:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.73014.3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T09:59:07Z","timestamp":1772531947000},"page":"972","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Online food delivery services: cross-sectional study of consumers\u2019 attitude in Malaysia during and after the COVID-19 pandemic"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8606-3827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sin Yin","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information Science and Technology Melaka 75450 Multimedia University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5625-7022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Su Yin","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Business Melaka 75450 Multimedia University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8060-5872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sook Fern","family":"Yeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Business Melaka 75450 Multimedia University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143-154","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-45408-5_12","article-title":"The role of web and E-commerce in poverty reduction: a framework based on ecological systems theory.","author":"D Kwak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Workshop on E-Business."},{"key":"ref6","article-title":"Food delivery services: from odd job to the most in demand.","author":"H Kamel","year":"January 1, 2021","journal-title":"The Malaysian Reserve."},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"Positivity in negativity: COVID-19 sees 30 pct jump in delivery orders.","author":"N Kamaruddin","year":"March 18, 2020","journal-title":"BERNAMA."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhm.2022.103240","article-title":"Online Food Delivery: a systematic synthesis of literature and a framework development.","volume":"104","author":"A Shankar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Hosp Manag."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150-162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2016.12.013","article-title":"Consumer experiences, attitude and behavioral intention toward Online Food Delivery (OFD) Services.","volume":"35","author":"V Yeo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Retail Consum Serv."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1-15","DOI":"10.21511\/im.17(1).2021.01","article-title":"Antecedents of behavioral intention to use Online Food Delivery services: an empirical investigation.","volume":"17","author":"P Vinish","year":"2021","journal-title":"Innov Mark."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28-44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2019.04.008","article-title":"Mobile Food Ordering Apps: an empirical study of the factors affecting customer E-satisfaction and continued intention to reuse.","volume":"50","author":"A Alalwan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Inf Manag."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221-230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2019.05.025","article-title":"Why do people use Food Delivery Apps (FDA)? 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status","group":{"name":"current-referee-status","label":"Current Referee Status"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.76632.r100846, Bui Thanh Khoa, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, 21 Dec 2021, version 1, 1 approved with reservations, 1 not approved","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-972\/v1#referee-response-100846","order":0,"name":"referee-response-100846","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>Sin Yin Tan<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 17 Apr 2024<\/i>; Thank you so much for the reviewer's comments.&nbsp;We sincerely appreciate the insightful feedback provided by the reviewer.  To address the comments that highlighted by reviewer:  The Introduction section has been substantially revised by including more significance of the research issues and highlighting the research gaps and contributions of our study. The theoretical background is now positioned within the Literature Review section. We elaborate our study based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The survey data underwent reanalysis by excluding those who did not have any experience of using Online Food Delivery Services (OFDS). Therefore, the new demographic profile has been presented under Result section. Purposive sampling method was applied and clarified under Data collection of the Methods section. As suggested by reviewer, the f\n<sup>2<\/sup>&nbsp;and Q\n<sup>2<\/sup>&nbsp;values have been added in Table 9 under Result section to check the effect size and predictive relevance. Considering the journal editor's advice, the limitation was suggested to place before Conclusions section. A significant revision had been undertaken which involve restructuring of the research study based on the theoretical framework and subsequent analysis.  Thank you.","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-972\/v3#referee-comment-11439","order":1,"name":"referee-comment-11439","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.165223.r275580, Hyun-Woo Joung, The University of Mississippi, Lubbock, 08 Jun 2024, version 2, 1 approved, 1 approved with reservations, 1 not approved","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-972\/v2#referee-response-275580","order":2,"name":"referee-response-275580","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>Sin Yin Tan<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 28 Jun 2024<\/i>; Thanks again for your feedbacks.","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-972\/v3#referee-comment-11919","order":3,"name":"referee-comment-11919","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.165223.r283065, Lau Teck Chai, Entrepreneurship and Enterprise Hub, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 11 Jul 2024, version 2, 1 approved, 1 approved with reservations, 1 not approved","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-972\/v2#referee-response-283065","order":4,"name":"referee-response-283065","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>Sin Yin Tan<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 12 Feb 2026<\/i>; Thank you so much for your comments.&nbsp;We sincerely appreciate the valuable feedback and suggestions from you.  To address the comments that highlighted by reviewer: 1.We would like to apologise for overlooking this when revising the manuscript previously. It has been amended accordingly in the Abstract section.  2.Although subjective norm (SN) and perceived behavioural control (PBC) are key components of the Theory of Planned Behaviour, their influence varies depending on the stage of technology use. Our study focuses on the continuance stage of OFDS, where users are already familiar with the platform. In this context, PBC is less influential because users already have the necessary skills and resources, and SN is less relevant as ordering food online is typically a private, routine behaviour. At this stage, continued use is primarily shaped by users\u2019 evaluations of usefulness, convenience, and value rather than social pressure or perceived control. We have clarified this reasoning and strengthened the explanation in the revised Theoretical Background section to justify the model specification.  3.We have added Convenience motivation (CM), time-saving orientation (TSO), and price-saving orientation (PSO) into the model to better reflect today\u2019s realities. The original TPB is great for explaining why someone starts using a technology, but we are moving beyond the broad technology adoption perspective and looking at the actual utilitarian and economic motivations that define routine OFDS use today. We have clarified this theoretical refinement in the revised manuscript to ensure the model reflects both established behavioural theory and the practical motivations of users in a post-pandemic OFDS environment.  4.\u201cATT\u201d has been inserted accordingly in Figure 1.  5.We have added the clarification for the five-point Likert scale in the Questionnaire Development section.  6.The survey contains a screening question to ensure only respondents that have experience using online food delivery services proceed with the questionnaire. We have added a statement under the Data collection section.  7.Yes, this has been addressed in No. 6 \u2013 We have added a statement under Data Collection section to indicate that there is a screening question to ensure those who answered the questionnaire has experience using OFDS.  8.Already addressed in No. 6 - We have added a statement under Data Collection section to indicate that there is a screening question to ensure those who answered the questionnaire has experience1e have added a sentence under Results to indicate how B40, M540 and T20 are classified.  9.Thank you for pointing this out. We have added a sentence under Results to indicate how B40, M540 and T20 are classified.  10.Regarding perceived ease of use, our findings show it does not significantly drive continuance intention. This reflects that usability has become a baseline expectation in mature digital environments like OFDS. Consumers are already familiar with smartphones, apps, and digital payments, so ease of use now primarily prevents dissatisfaction rather than actively motivating continued use. We have clarified in the revised Discussion that platform providers should maintain stable, intuitive, and reliable interfaces while focusing differentiation on enhancing convenience and value, such as faster delivery, accurate orders, personalised recommendations, and seamless integration with payment and loyalty systems. This explanation has been added to provide practical guidance for stakeholders in post-pandemic OFDS markets.  11.We have removed the sentence to avoid confusion.  12.We agree that the findings should provide clearer practical implications. In the revised Discussion section, we have added a brief paragraph outlining how the results can inform platform providers, food retailers, and policymakers.  13.We thank the reviewer for highlighting the importance of bottom-of-the-pyramid consumers. In response, the Discussion now explicitly addresses strategies to reach this segment.","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-972\/v3#referee-comment-15457","order":5,"name":"referee-comment-15457","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.196577.r486731, Flavio Santino Bizarrias, Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing (ESPM), Sao Paulo, 16 Jun 2026, version 3, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-972\/v3#referee-response-486731","order":6,"name":"referee-response-486731","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>Sin Yin Tan<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 09 Jul 2026<\/i>; Thank you very much for your valuable comments. We sincerely appreciate your constructive feedback and suggestions. We will take them into consideration and continue to improve in our future studies.","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-972\/v3#referee-comment-16620","order":7,"name":"referee-comment-16620","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work","order":8,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}