{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T05:10:24Z","timestamp":1772169024852,"version":"3.50.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.74758.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]],"date-time":"2022-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642118400000}}],"reference-count":65,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]],"date-time":"2022-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns3:p>\n                    <ns3:bold>Background:<\/ns3:bold>\n                    Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) remains a global health problem. COVID-19 patients with severe pneumonia have a higher risk for critical illness, mostly complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome. The inflammatory response is critical, and the cytokine storm increases the severity of COVID-19. Many factors could be associated with a cytokine storm but they are incompletely understood.\n                  <\/ns3:p>\n                  <ns3:p>This study presents characteristics of COVID-19 patients and explore the clinical and inflammatory parameters of severe and critically ill COVID-19 patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).<\/ns3:p>\n                  <ns3:p>\n                    <ns3:bold>Method:<\/ns3:bold>\n                    This cross-sectional study was conducted in all severe COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU. Peripheral blood was taken for laboratory examination within 24 hours of admission. Haematologic parameters, serum electrolyte, renal function, liver function, pancreas enzyme, D-dimer, inflammatory cytokines interferon (IFN)-gamma, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were assessed in this study. Comparative analyses were done between sex, existing comorbidities, body mass index (BMI), and COVID-19 vaccination status.\n                  <\/ns3:p>\n                  <ns3:p>\n                    <ns3:bold>Results:<\/ns3:bold>\n                    A total of 80 subjects were included in the study. The most frequent comorbidities found among the subjects were obesity (36.35%) and diabetes (22.5%). Only 13.75% of subjects were vaccinated. Laboratory results indicated leucocytosis and neutrophilia, with a neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio (NLR) of 7. The mean inflammatory findings (IL-6, IL-10, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, MCP-1), D-dimer, CRP, and lipase increased. Lipase levels were higher in men (p = 0.003) and in comorbidity groups. No significant differences were found among different BMI groups. Lipase, IL-6, and MCP-1 levels were significantly higher (p=0.019, &lt;0.0001, and 0.03, respectively) in the non-vaccinated group.\n                  <\/ns3:p>\n                  <ns3:p>\n                    <ns3:bold>Conclusions:<\/ns3:bold>\n                    Most patients with severe COVID-19 have comorbidities and increased inflammatory markers.\n                  <\/ns3:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.74758.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]],"date-time":"2022-01-14T06:30:06Z","timestamp":1642141806000},"page":"1246","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Inflammatory laboratory findings associated with severe illness among hospitalized individuals with COVID-19 in Medan, Indonesia: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5281-168X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darmadi","family":"Darmadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0157-1131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cennikon","family":"Pakpahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7779-6535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riska Habriel","family":"Ruslie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2550-8794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andri","family":"Rezano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard With Vaccination Data.","year":"cited 2021 Sep 28"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.02.07.937862v1","article-title":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: The species and its viruses \u2013 a statement of the Coronavirus Study Group.","author":"A Gorbalenya","year":"2020 Feb 11 cited 2021 Sep 28","journal-title":"bioRxiv."},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Weekly epidemiological update on COVID-19-24 August 2021.","year":"cited 2021 Sep 28"},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"Indonesia: WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard With Vaccination Data|WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard With Vaccination Data.","year":"cited 2021 Sep 28"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205-212","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-020-01184-4","article-title":"Diabetes and Covid-19 among hospitalized patients in Saudi Arabia: a single-centre retrospective study.","volume":"19","author":"A Alguwaihes","year":"2020 Dec 5 cited 2021 Sep 28","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. 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Thank You for your valuable comment. We conducted a cross-sectional study to explore the inflammatory profile of severe COVID-10 patients. Hence, we only involved looking at data from COVID-19 cases admitted to the ICU of Mitra Medica General Hospital Medan at one specific point in time (between May and June 2021).  3.&nbsp;We thank your reviewer\u2019s suggestion. During our research and writing the manuscript, there are not many studies had reported on inflammatory parameters, enzymes, and COVID-19 prognosis. We cited new findings, such as the inflammatory profile of severe COVID-19 patients with or without vaccination. We think these things are new facts regarding COVID-19 management.  4. Thank you for the interesting comment. We apologize for not presenting these data, because, in the beginning, we did not design the study to compare the inflammatory profile between the degrees of COVID-19. We only aimed to explore the profile of inflammation parameters in the severe group with various variables. We have described this in the limitation of the study in the last paragraph.  5. Once again thank you for your comment. We have rechecked for references consistency carefully.","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-1246\/v2#referee-comment-7657","order":1,"name":"referee-comment-7657","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.5256\/f1000research.119941.r119821, Intan Mauli Warma Dewi, Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, 26 Jan 2022, version 2, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/10-1246\/v2#referee-response-119821","order":2,"name":"referee-response-119821","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work","order":3,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}