{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T00:19:13Z","timestamp":1785025153852,"version":"3.55.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.9861.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,16]],"date-time":"2017-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1489622400000}}],"reference-count":17,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,16]],"date-time":"2017-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1489622400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["f1000research.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["F1000Res"],"abstract":"<ns4:p>The rising prevalence of high throughput screening and the general inability of (1) two dimensional (2D) cell culture and (2)<ns4:italic>in vitro<\/ns4:italic>release studies to predict<ns4:italic>in vivo<\/ns4:italic>neurobiological and pharmacokinetic responses in humans has led to greater interest in more realistic three dimensional (3D) benchtop platforms. Advantages of 3D human cell culture over its 2D analogue, or even animal models, include taking the effects of microgeometry and long-range topological features into consideration. In the era of personalized medicine, it has become increasingly valuable to screen candidate molecules and synergistic therapeutics at a patient-specific level, in particular for diseases that manifest in highly variable ways. The lack of established standards and the relatively arbitrary choice of probing conditions has limited<ns4:italic>in vitro<\/ns4:italic>drug release to a largely qualitative assessment as opposed to a predictive, quantitative measure of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in tissue. Here we report the methods used in the rapid, low-cost development of a 3D model of a mucopolysaccharidosis type I patient\u2019s corpus callosum, which may be used for cell culture and drug release. The CAD model is developed from<ns4:italic>in vivo<\/ns4:italic>brain MRI tracing of the corpus callosum using open-source software, printed with poly (lactic-acid) on a Makerbot Replicator 5X, UV-sterilized, and coated with poly (lysine) for cellular adhesion. Adaptations of material and 3D printer for expanded applications are also discussed.<\/ns4:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.9861.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,16]],"date-time":"2017-03-16T12:15:04Z","timestamp":1489666504000},"page":"2811","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Low-cost, rapidly-developed, 3D printed in vitro corpus callosum model for mucopolysaccharidosis type I"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4568-0890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony","family":"Tabet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Gardner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Swanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sydney","family":"Crump","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Austin","family":"McMeekin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Tabet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Hacker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Nestrasil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"v4-12","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker394","article-title":"Overview of the mucopolysaccharidoses.","volume":"50","author":"J Muenzer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)."},{"key":"ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5-13","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2832","article-title":"Brain and spinal MR imaging findings in mucopolysaccharidoses: a review.","volume":"34","author":"D Zafeirioi","year":"2013","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol."},{"key":"ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989-994","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.05.044","article-title":"Topography of the human corpus callosum revisited--Comprehensive fiber tractography using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging.","volume":"32","author":"S Hofer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroimage."},{"key":"ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182-188","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200101183440304","article-title":"Enzyme-replacement therapy in mucopolysaccharidosis I.","volume":"344","author":"E Kakkis","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2601-2608","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V91.7.2601","article-title":"Hurler syndrome: II. Outcome of HLA-genotypically identical sibling and HLA-haploidentical related donor bone marrow transplantation in fifty-four children. 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Parts of this work were funded by a CoCreate Community Research Grant (#16354). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.","order":2,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Data associated with the article are available under the terms of the Creative Commons Zero \"No rights reserved\" data waiver (CC0 1.0 Public domain dedication).","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}