{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:46:16Z","timestamp":1792788376805,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762905600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"AMUHM (Association m\u00e9dicale universitaire H\u00f4pital Montfort) \u2013 family medicine department","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02crzj551","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["mededpublish.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MedEdPublish"],"abstract":"<ns5:p>\n                    Introduction An alarming prevalence of burnout among medical students has been reported in many countries, including Canada. To design resilience and wellness programs, it is important to explore individual risk factors. This article presents an example of a Wellness Assessment Program for medical students at the University of Ottawa. The goal was to identify risk factors for poorer mental health outcomes among medical students at the University of Ottawa. Methods We conducted a quantitative study using a Wellness Assessment Questionnaire among four cohorts of first- and third-year students. Results Risk factors that significantly impacted the mental health of 1\n                    <ns5:sup>st<\/ns5:sup>\n                    and 3\n                    <ns5:sup>rd<\/ns5:sup>\n                    year medical students at the University of Ottawa were physical health, sleep\/fatigue, social support, education and career, stress, and drug and\/or alcohol use. Students who were originally from Ottawa had more social support and less stress and drug and\/or alcohol use (p &lt; 0.001;p=0.009). Being in the Francophone cohort had a positive effect on physical health, but a negative effect on psychological\/emotional health (p=0.039;p=0.004). There was a statistically significant difference (p=0.021) between the psychological\/emotional health of 1st-year students (M=0.7895) and 3rd-year students (M=0.8923) when covariates (risk factors) were not considered. Discussion In the current context of the limited effectiveness of measures to address the negative impacts of medical education on student well-being, this study showed that efficient use of the Wellness Assessment Program data can identify risk factors that have a significant impact on wellness.\n                  <\/ns5:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/mep.21343.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T16:10:09Z","timestamp":1762963809000},"page":"261","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/mep.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Identifying Mental Health Risk in Medical Students: A Quantitative Analysis of Wellness Assessments for First- and Third-Year Students at the University of Ottawa"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5192-7688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kay-Ann","family":"Haykal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine Ottawa Ontario K1G 5Z3 University of Ottawa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1472-4423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00e8s","family":"Zombre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Ontario K1K 0T2 Institut du Savoir Montfort, H\u00f4pital Montfort"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selena","family":"Laprade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Ottawa Ontario University of Ottawa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7133-1778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miryam","family":"Duquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Ontario K1K 0T2 Institut du Savoir Montfort, H\u00f4pital Montfort"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5036-8941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph","family":"Abdulnour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Ontario K1K 0T2 Institut du Savoir Montfort, H\u00f4pital Montfort"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-021-02495-0","article-title":"Addressing the physician burnout epidemic with resilience curricula in medical education: a systematic review.","volume":"21","author":"C Seo","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ."},{"key":"ref-2","first-page":"298-301","article-title":"Study of stress, self-esteem and depression in medical students and effect of music on perceived stress.","volume":"58","author":"V Baste","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Physiol Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422-428","DOI":"10.3109\/0142159X.2010.496008","article-title":"Study-related health and behavior patterns of medical students: a longitudinal study.","volume":"32","author":"E Voltmer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Teach."},{"key":"ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732-736","DOI":"10.1177\/0706743716645286","article-title":"Burnout among Canadian psychiatry residents: a national survey.","volume":"61","author":"D Kealy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103-107","DOI":"10.36834\/cmej.73008","article-title":"Medical student wellness in Canada: time for a national curriculum framework.","volume":"12","author":"D Bourcier","year":"2021","journal-title":"Can Med Educ J."},{"key":"ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6920-10-8","article-title":"Development and preliminary psychometric properties of a well-being index for medical students.","volume":"10","author":"L Dyrbye","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ."},{"key":"ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1781-1791","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000002958","article-title":"Medical student psychological distress and mental illness relative to the general population: a Canadian cross-sectional survey.","volume":"94","author":"B Maser","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acad Med."},{"key":"ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456-468","DOI":"10.1111\/medu.12962","article-title":"Prevalence of depression amongst medical students: a meta-analysis.","volume":"50","author":"R Puthran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med Educ."},{"key":"ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549-551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2018.11.035","article-title":"Burnout among physicians compared with individuals with a professional or doctoral degree in a field outside of medicine.","volume":"94","author":"T Shanafelt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc."},{"key":"ref-10","article-title":"CMA national physician health survey: a national snapshot","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158-164","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ap.12010003","article-title":"A systematic review of stress-management programs for medical students.","volume":"37","author":"M Shiralkar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acad Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/s41599-022-01105-8","article-title":"Student wellness trends and interventions in medical education: a narrative review.","volume":"9","author":"H Klein","year":"2022","journal-title":"Humanities and social sciences communications."},{"key":"ref-13","article-title":"Bureau des services aux \u00e9tudiants, facult\u00e9 de m\u00e9decine Universit\u00e9 d\u2019ottawa"},{"key":"ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421-427","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-012-2252-9","article-title":"Utility of a brief screening tool to identify physicians in distress.","volume":"28","author":"L Dyrbye","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med."},{"key":"ref-15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208-218","DOI":"10.4278\/0890-1171-11.3.208","article-title":"The conceptualization and measurement of perceived wellness: integrating balance across and within dimensions.","volume":"11","author":"T Adams","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Health Promot."},{"key":"ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-3970771\/v1","article-title":"A quantitative analysis of mandatory wellness assessments for 1st and 3rd year medical students at the university of Ottawa.","author":"K Haykal","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176-178","DOI":"10.36834\/cmej.70693","article-title":"The alarming situation of medical student mental health.","volume":"12","author":"M D'Eon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Can Med Educ J."},{"key":"ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963-979","DOI":"10.1111\/medu.12512","article-title":"Medical student depression, anxiety and distress outside North America: a systematic review.","volume":"48","author":"V Hope","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med Educ."},{"key":"ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1781-1791","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000002958","article-title":"Medical student psychological distress and mental illness relative to the general population: a Canadian cross-sectional survey.","volume":"94","author":"B Maser","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acad Med."},{"key":"ref-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001776","article-title":"Shame! Self-stigmatisation as an obstacle to sick doctors returning to work: a qualitative study.","volume":"2","author":"M Henderson","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ Open."},{"key":"ref-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0b013e31829ed1cc","article-title":"An economic argument for investment in physician resilience.","volume":"88","author":"K Walsh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acad Med."},{"key":"ref-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301-303","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0b013e318280cff0","article-title":"Physician resilience: what it means, why it matters, and how to promote it.","volume":"88","author":"R Epstein","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acad Med."},{"key":"ref-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0111420","article-title":"The efficacy of resiliency training programs: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials","volume":"9","author":"A Leppin","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"ref-24","first-page":"41-50","article-title":"Education reform and the hidden curriculum: the Canadian journey.","author":"B Hodges","year":"2014","journal-title":"The hidden curriculum in health professional education."},{"key":"ref-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143-152","DOI":"10.1037\/cpb0000090","article-title":"Finding solutions to the problem of burnout.","volume":"69","author":"C Maslach","year":"2017","journal-title":"Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research."},{"key":"ref-26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2195-2196","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.16396","article-title":"Medical student mental health: culture, environment, and the need for change.","volume":"316","author":"S Slavin","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/mep.21343.2","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786147200000}}],"container-title":["MedEdPublish"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/mededpublish.org\/articles\/15-261\/v1\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/mededpublish.org\/articles\/15-261\/v1\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/mededpublish.org\/articles\/15-261\/v1\/iparadigms","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T07:59:47Z","timestamp":1791964787000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/mededpublish.org\/articles\/15-261\/v1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"references-count":26,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/mep.21343.1","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21956\/mep.22857.r44728","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21956\/mep.22857.r44797","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21956\/mep.22857.r44631","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21956\/mep.22857.r44631","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21956\/mep.22857.r44797","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21956\/mep.22857.r44728","asserted-by":"object"}],"is-version-of":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.12688\/mep.21343.2","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2312-7996"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2312-7996","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Approved with reservations, Not Approved, Approved with reservations","URL":"https:\/\/mededpublish.org\/articles\/15-261\/v1#article-reports","order":0,"name":"referee-status","label":"Referee status","group":{"name":"current-referee-status","label":"Current Referee Status"}},{"value":"10.21956\/mep.22857.r44631, Alexandre Hudon, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Qu\u00e9bec, 11 Dec 2025, version 1, 2 approved with reservations, 1 not approved","URL":"https:\/\/mededpublish.org\/articles\/15-261\/v1#referee-response-44631","order":0,"name":"referee-response-44631","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.21956\/mep.22857.r44797, DAVID PEREZ-JORGE, University of La Laguna, San Crist\u00f3bal de la Laguna, 16 Dec 2025, version 1, 2 approved with reservations, 1 not approved","URL":"https:\/\/mededpublish.org\/articles\/15-261\/v1#referee-response-44797","order":1,"name":"referee-response-44797","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.21956\/mep.22857.r44728, Alba Madrid Cagigal, Carmen Kealy, University of Galway, Galway, County Galway, 18 Dec 2025, version 1, 2 approved with reservations, 1 not approved","URL":"https:\/\/mededpublish.org\/articles\/15-261\/v1#referee-response-44728","order":2,"name":"referee-response-44728","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"This project was funded by the AMUHM (Association m\u00e9dicale universitaire H\u00f4pital Montfort) \u2013 family medicine department. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.","order":3,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}