{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T17:35:23Z","timestamp":1793381723916,"version":"4.5.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/openreseurope.21137.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784678400000}}],"reference-count":144,"publisher":"CERN","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784678400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Agency for Research and Development","award":["FondecytN\u00ba1240232"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FondecytN\u00ba1240232"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02ap3w078","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"European Commission","award":["101148590"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101148590"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00k4n6c32","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Open Res Europe"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This article explores the structural patterns of post-imperial conflict through a comparative analysis of Liberal Spain (1833\u20131868) and post-Soviet Russia (1991\u20132025). It argues that both powers, following the abrupt collapse of their empires, developed strategic cultures oriented toward reimperialization\u2014defined as the attempt to reassert influence over former imperial domains through cultural, diplomatic, or military means. Drawing on theories from historical sociology, international relations, and strategic studies, the article introduces the concepts of \u201clevels of imperiality\u201d and \u201cdegrees of rupture\u201d to explain why both Spain and Russia failed to construct stable post-imperial states and instead pursued increasingly coercive strategies to restore lost power. The study identifies a recurring six-stage pattern: (1) imperial collapse, (2) internal disintegration, (3) soft reimperialization through diplomacy and cultural outreach, (4) frustration and strategic shift, (5) militarized reimperialization, and (6) confrontation with geopolitical realities. This model is applied to the Spanish intervention in South America (1864\u20131866) and the Russian invasion of Ukraine (2022\u2013present), revealing striking parallels in their strategic rationales, ideological justifications, and operational outcomes. The article concludes that post-imperial reimperialization is more likely when imperial collapse is abrupt, when successor states are internally divided, and when the international system is permissive. By revisiting two cases often treated as peripheral in the historiography of decolonization, the article offers a long-term framework for understanding the persistence of imperial logics in global politics and the strategic cultures that sustain them.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/openreseurope.21137.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T07:04:09Z","timestamp":1784703849000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.68336\/openreseurope.updatepolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Patterns of Reimperialization and Postimperial strategic cultures. The cases of Liberal Spain (1833-1868) and Post-Soviet Russia (1991-2025)"],"prefix":"10.68336","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6405-7191","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Escribano Roca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global and International History, Institute of History, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Madrid, Community of Madrid, 28802, Spain"},{"name":"Center of American Studies, Universidad Adolfo Ibanez, Santiago de Chile, Regi\u00f3n Metropolitana, 2520000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"13904","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"89333","unstructured":"1. Also known as the \u201cChincha Island War\u201d."},{"key":"89334","unstructured":"2. Davis WC: The last conquistadores: the Spanish intervention in Peru and Chile 1863\u20131866. Georgia: University of Georgia Press;1950. 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