{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T22:31:11Z","timestamp":1787783471134,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,3]],"date-time":"2018-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543795200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["079110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["079110"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["064693"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["064693"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["wellcomeopenresearch.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Wellcome Open Res"],"abstract":"<ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Background:<\/ns4:bold>\n                    The home environment is reported to contribute significantly to children\u2019s developing cognitive skills. However, it is not yet evident whether this role prevails in the context of extreme poverty and frequent ill-health. We therefore investigated the role of the home environment in Ugandan children taking into account the frequent infections and extreme poverty in which they lived.\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Methods:<\/ns4:bold>\n                    Cognitive abilities of 163 5-year-old children were assessed. Home environments of these children, their health status and family socioeconomic status (SES) were assessed respectively using the EC-HOME, anthropometry and illnesses, and traditional SES measures. Structural equation analyses compared five models on the influence of the home environment, SES, and child health on the cognitive scores.\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Results:<\/ns4:bold>\n                    The model in which the home environment mediates the combined influence of SES and child health on cognitive performance showed a particularly good fit to the data compared with the four alternative models, i.e. those in which the HOME, SES and health independently influence cognitive performance.\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Conclusions:<\/ns4:bold>\n                    Home environments providing cognitive stimulation can enable children to overcome effects of major adverse life experiences on cognitive development.\n                  <\/ns4:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.14702.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,3]],"date-time":"2018-12-03T07:55:08Z","timestamp":1543823708000},"page":"152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["The role of the home environment in neurocognitive development of children living in extreme poverty and with frequent illnesses: a cross-sectional 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status","group":{"name":"current-referee-status","label":"Current Referee Status"}},{"value":"10.21956\/wellcomeopenres.16011.r34374, Michael J Boivin, Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology & Ophthalmology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA, 18 Dec 2018, version 1, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/wellcomeopenresearch.org\/articles\/3-152\/v1#referee-response-34374","order":0,"name":"referee-response-34374","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>Margaret Nampijja<\/b>; <i>Posted: 18 Dec 2018<\/i>; Thank you for your positive comments on our manuscript. We would like to highlight that the majority&nbsp;of the children (122,90.4%) were <u>NOT&nbsp;<\/u>HIV exposed.&nbsp; As is&nbsp;indicated in the manuscript text and in Table 1, only 13 children (9.6%) were exposed to HIV infection&nbsp; and of these only three children were found to be HIV positive. Hence the sample represents an HIV <u>negative<\/u> population and hence the results and discussions may be generalized to an HIV free population.","URL":"https:\/\/wellcomeopenresearch.org\/articles\/3-152\/v1#referee-comment-3766","order":1,"name":"referee-comment-3766","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.21956\/wellcomeopenres.16011.r34580, Robert H Bradley, T. Denny Sanford School Social Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA, 17 Jan 2019, version 1, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/wellcomeopenresearch.org\/articles\/3-152\/v1#referee-response-34580","order":2,"name":"referee-response-34580","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"This work was supported by the Wellcome Trust (grant numbers 064693 and 079110, awarded to the Principal Investigator of EMABS) and by the Medical Research Council as part of a PhD scholarship awarded to the first author. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.","order":3,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}