{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T07:09:57Z","timestamp":1780988997641,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]],"date-time":"2022-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641340800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["203291\/Z\/16\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["203291\/Z\/16\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["wellcomeopenresearch.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Wellcome Open Res"],"abstract":"<ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Background<\/ns4:bold>\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    The control of vector borne arboviral diseases such as Dengue is mainly achieved by reducing human-vector contact and controlling the vectors through source reduction and environmental management. These measures are constrained by labour intensity, insecticide resistance and pro-active community participation. The current study intended to develop and test an ivermectin-based attractive-targeted sugar bait (ATSB) against\n                    <ns4:italic>Aedes aegypti<\/ns4:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Methods<\/ns4:bold>\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    The 48hour lethal concentration (LC90) of ivermectin against\n                    <ns4:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/ns4:italic>\n                    was determined through serial dilution experiment where five 30cm x 30cm x 30cm cages were set; into each, a 10% sugar solution treated with ivermectin were introduced. 40\n                    <ns4:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/ns4:italic>\n                    were released into each cage and observed for mortality after 4, 8, 24 and 48 hours. The ivermectin-based ATSB was evaluated in a semi field system where ATSB and attractive sugar bait (ASB) were deployed into each compartment of the semi field and 100 female\n                    <ns4:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/ns4:italic>\n                    were released every day and recaptured the next day through human land catch and Bio-gent sentinel trap. The developed and semi-field tested ATSB was further tested in the field by deploying them in garages.\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Results<\/ns4:bold>\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    The ivermectin 48hr LC90 of male and female\n                    <ns4:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/ns4:italic>\n                    was found to be 0.03% w\/v. In the semi field system, the ATSB significantly reduced a free-flying population of\n                    <ns4:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/ns4:italic>\n                    within 24 hours (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 0.62; [95% confidence interval (95%CI); 0.54-0.70] and p-value &lt; 0.001). However, in the field, the ATSBs required the addition of yeast as a carbon dioxide source to efficiently attract\n                    <ns4:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/ns4:italic>\n                    mosquitoes to feed.\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Conclusion<\/ns4:bold>\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    Ivermectin is an active ingredient that can be used in an ATSB for\n                    <ns4:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/ns4:italic>\n                    depopulation. However, further research is needed to improve the developed and tested ATSB to compete with natural sources of sugar in a natural environment.\n                  <\/ns4:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.17442.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]],"date-time":"2022-01-05T10:25:06Z","timestamp":1641378306000},"page":"4","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Evaluation of an ivermectin-based attractive targeted sugar bait (ATSB) against Aedes aegypti in Tanzania."],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7512-2502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank Sandra Chelestino","family":"Tenywa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremiah 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