{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:10Z","timestamp":1790640010027,"version":"4.1.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.19632.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]],"date-time":"2024-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718755200000}}],"reference-count":74,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]],"date-time":"2024-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718755200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["106680"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["106680"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["212345"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["212345"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["wellcomeopenresearch.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Wellcome Open Res"],"abstract":"<ns3:p>\n                    Research capacity is increasing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), with progressive development in the range and complexity of studies being undertaken, often in collaboration with high-income country partners. Although senior local stakeholders are typically involved in ensuring that research is conducted according to accepted standards for ethical and scientific quality, to date there has been little exploration of the views of younger generations around the ethics of research involving human subjects. We present our protocol to establish a longitudinal mixed-methods student cohort at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, that is investigating students\u2019 views around the ethics of clinical and public-health oriented research. We use a synergistic approach involving initial deliberative engagement activities (\n                    <ns3:italic>e.g.<\/ns3:italic>\n                    science cafes, debates) to inform participants about complex concepts, prior to formal quantitative and qualitative methods (surveys, focus group discussions and in-depth interviews) that are designed to explore the students\u2019 views in detail. We focus in particular on dengue research, i.e. research that addresses a locally relevant disease with which the students are likely familiar, and probe their thoughts on such themes as appropriate remuneration for research participants, involvement of vulnerable groups, use of human challenge trials in LMICs\n                    <ns3:italic>etc.<\/ns3:italic>\n                    A snapshot of the cohort and its activities after one year is also presented; among 429 active students, primarily from the Faculty of Medicine, the proportions of male and female students were similar, the majority were from southern or central Vietnam where dengue is endemic, and available data indicates the cohort to be representative of the expected spectrum of socioeconomic groups. The cohort provides a unique resource to investigate the views of young people on medical ethics, an important but hitherto underrepresented group in such discussions. Feedback indicates a clear interest in contributing thoughts and ideas to the development of clinical research in Vietnam.\n                  <\/ns3:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.19632.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]],"date-time":"2024-06-19T13:50:09Z","timestamp":1718805009000},"page":"473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Exploring attitudes to research involving human subjects among Vietnamese university students: establishing a prospective longitudinal mixed-methods student cohort at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3787-9826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vy","family":"Pham -Tram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5960-7849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nguyet Minh","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Heatherley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kien","family":"Vu Duy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bao Hung","family":"Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giang","family":"Pham Thi Huong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3214-9102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hang","family":"Nguyen Thi Thu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Huynh Thuy Phuong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Truong","family":"Thi Tuyet Thanh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0312-292X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chi","family":"Le Phuong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7298-5724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thuy","family":"Nguyen Thi Van","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trung","family":"Dinh The","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Thi Hoai Tam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0535-3895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mary","family":"Chambers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6180-9995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katrina","family":"Lawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5167-5505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Ilo Van Nuil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6872-3481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dung","family":"Do Van","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3355-7951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tuan","family":"Diep Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5728-0918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evelyne","family":"Kestelyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9086-8804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bridget","family":"Wills","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref-1","article-title":"The 10\/90 report on health research 2000.","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1355-6","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)74266-5","article-title":"Global health status.","volume":"356","author":"A de Francisco","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"ref-3","article-title":"The World Health report 2013: research for universal health coverage.","author":"C Dye","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref-4","article-title":"Goals 3: ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages.","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12961-015-0071-2","article-title":"Promoting sustainable research partnerships: a mixed-method evaluation of a United Kingdom-Africa capacity strengthening award scheme.","volume":"13","author":"L Dean","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Res Policy Syst."},{"key":"ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e711-e20","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30542-8","article-title":"How COVID-19 has fundamentally changed clinical research in global health.","volume":"9","author":"J Park","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health."},{"key":"ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n2658","article-title":"A call to action to reform academic global health partnerships.","volume":"375","author":"A Binagwaho","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0258286","article-title":"Considering equity in global health collaborations: a qualitative study on experiences of equity.","volume":"16","author":"M Faure","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e899-e900","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(21)00143-1","article-title":"Global health in low-income and middle-income countries: a framework for action.","volume":"9","author":"I Olufadewa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health."},{"key":"ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-018-0748-6","article-title":"Barriers for conducting clinical trials in developing countries- a systematic review.","volume":"17","author":"C Alemayehu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health."},{"key":"ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0236563","article-title":"Participant perception, still a major challenge to clinical research in developing countries-a mixed methods study.","volume":"15","author":"W Mowlabaccus","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1609-1610","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-022-01484-7","article-title":"Defining and measuring vaccine hesitancy.","volume":"6","author":"H Larson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Hum Behav."},{"key":"ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-17430-6","article-title":"Misinformation of COVID-19 vaccines and vaccine hesitancy.","volume":"12","author":"S Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01640-y","article-title":"The medicalization of freedom: how anti-science movements use the language of personal liberty and how we can address it.","volume":"28","author":"J Ezell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"key":"ref-15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518-23","DOI":"10.1093\/inthealth\/ihaa073","article-title":"Decolonising global health: transnational research partnerships under the spotlight.","volume":"12","author":"D Lawrence","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Health."},{"key":"ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396-403","DOI":"10.1177\/003335491613100305","article-title":"Assessing clinical research capacity in Vietnam: a framework for strengthening capability for clinical trials in developing countries.","volume":"131","author":"J Kagan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Public Health Rep."},{"key":"ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910-020-0445-z","article-title":"Researcher and study participants' perspectives of consent in clinical studies in four referral hospitals in Vietnam.","volume":"21","author":"J Van Nuil","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Med Ethics."},{"key":"ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-11219-4","article-title":"Factors affecting healthcare pathways for chronic lung disease management in Vietnam: a qualitative study on patients' perspectives.","volume":"21","author":"T Nguyen","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Public Health."},{"key":"ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910-023-00884-2","article-title":"Fragmented understanding: exploring the practice and meaning of informed consent in clinical trials in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.","volume":"24","author":"Y Nguyen","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Med Ethics."},{"key":"ref-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005188","article-title":"Synchrony of dengue incidence in Ho Chi Minh City and Bangkok.","volume":"10","author":"C Hoang Quoc","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis."},{"key":"ref-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904-18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2018.07.007","article-title":"The estimates of the health and economic burden of dengue in Vietnam.","volume":"34","author":"T Hung","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"ref-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935-41","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)00146-8","article-title":"The global economic burden of dengue: a systematic analysis.","volume":"16","author":"D Shepard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis."},{"key":"ref-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504-7","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12060","article-title":"The global distribution and burden of dengue.","volume":"496","author":"S Bhatt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"ref-24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7061-8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.09.103","article-title":"Recent advances in dengue pathogenesis and clinical management.","volume":"33","author":"C Simmons","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vaccine."},{"key":"ref-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.840104","article-title":"Current development and challenges of tetravalent live-attenuated dengue vaccines.","volume":"13","author":"J Hou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"ref-26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)00006-X","article-title":"Children and adolescents deserve a better future.","volume":"399","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"ref-27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910-016-0133-1","article-title":"Young people\u2019s views about the purpose and composition of research ethics committees: findings from the PEARL qualitative study.","volume":"17","author":"S Audrey","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Med Ethics."},{"key":"ref-28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-022894","article-title":"Children's views on research without prior consent in emergency situations: a UK qualitative study.","volume":"8","author":"L Roper","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open."},{"key":"ref-29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910-019-0375-9","article-title":"Who should decide about children's and adolescents' participation in health research? The views of children and adults in rural Kenya.","volume":"20","author":"V Marsh","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Med Ethics."},{"key":"ref-30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-13236-3","article-title":"Predictors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptability among health professions students in Vietnam.","volume":"22","author":"C Le","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Public Health."},{"key":"ref-31","article-title":"Designing and conducting mixed methods research.","author":"J Creswell","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref-33","article-title":"Supporting documents for the manuscript: 'Exploring attitudes to research involving human subjects among Vietnamese university students: establishing a prospective longitudinal mixed-methods student cohort at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City.","author":"E Kestelyn","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref-34","article-title":"The World Cafe."},{"key":"ref-35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1609406920916976","article-title":"The \u201cWorld Caf\u00e9\u201d as a participatory method for collecting qualitative data.","volume":"19","author":"K L\u00f6hr","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Qual Methods."},{"key":"ref-36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431-5","DOI":"10.12691\/education-6-5-10","article-title":"The development of critical thinking for students in vietnamese schools: from policies to practices.","volume":"6","author":"H Nhat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Educ Res."},{"key":"ref-37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323-46","DOI":"10.1007\/s10972-006-9025-4","article-title":"Promoting discourse and argumentation in science teacher education.","volume":"17","author":"T Sadler","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Sci Teacher Educ."},{"key":"ref-38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225-36","DOI":"10.1177\/1469787409343186","article-title":"The power of in-class debates.","volume":"10","author":"R Kennedy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Act Learn High Educ."},{"key":"ref-39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655-75","DOI":"10.2308\/iace.2010.25.4.655","article-title":"Using debate to enhance critical thinking in the accounting classroom: the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and U.S. tax policy.","volume":"25","author":"J Camp","year":"2010","journal-title":"Issues in Accounting Education."},{"key":"ref-40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811-5","DOI":"10.12691\/education-6-6-33","article-title":"Application of debating method in teaching vietnam\u2019s historical figures (10th Century \u2013 19th Century) at High School in Order to Develop Students\u2019 Critical Thinking.","volume":"6","author":"N Ninh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Educ Res."},{"key":"ref-41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/21582440211068457","article-title":"Engaging young people in a research project: the complexities and contributions of using participatory methods with young people in schools","volume":"12","author":"P Padilla-Petry","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref-42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79-93","DOI":"10.1080\/09650790802667469","article-title":"Participatory action research: contributions to the development of practitioner inquiry in education.","volume":"17","author":"M Brydon-Miller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Educational Action Research."},{"key":"ref-43","article-title":"MRC ethics series - good research practice: principles and guidelines.","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref-44","article-title":"Constructing grounded theory: a practical guide through qualitative analysis.","author":"K Charmaz","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref-45","article-title":"Introduction to social research: quantitative and qualitative approaches.","author":"K Punch","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref-46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2050312118822927","article-title":"Grounded theory research: a design framework for novice researchers.","volume":"7","author":"Y Chun Tie","year":"2019","journal-title":"SAGE Open Med."},{"key":"ref-47","article-title":"International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO-08).","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref-48","article-title":"Vietnam systematic country diagnostic. sustaining success: priorities for inclusive and sustainable growth.","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref-49","article-title":"Results of the Vietnam household living standards survey 2018.","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref-50","article-title":"Viet Nam Multiple indicator cluster survey 2014, final report.","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref-51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183-7","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ap.10020031","article-title":"Medical student views on interactions with pharmaceutical representatives.","volume":"36","author":"L Ganzini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acad Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-021461","article-title":"Multinational comparative cross-sectional survey of views of medical students about acceptable terminology and subgroups in schizophrenia.","volume":"8","author":"S Rathod","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open."},{"key":"ref-53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910-020-00484-4","article-title":"Medical and midwifery students\u2019 views on the use of conscientious objection in abortion care, following legal reform in Chile: a cross-sectional study.","volume":"21","author":"M Biggs","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Med Ethics."},{"key":"ref-54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00183","article-title":"Attitudes about informed consent: an exploratory qualitative analysis of UK psychotherapy trainees.","volume":"11","author":"C Blease","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref-55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910-020-0454-y","article-title":"Stakeholder views on the acceptability of human infection studies in Malawi.","volume":"21","author":"B Kapumba","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Med Ethics."},{"key":"ref-56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11948-022-00381-6","article-title":"How do chemistry faculty and graduate students engage in decision making on issues related to ethical and responsible conduct of research including authorship?","volume":"28","author":"Y Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Eng Ethics."},{"key":"ref-57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1534-52","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-6773.2005.00416.x","article-title":"The effect of income question design in health surveys on family income, poverty and eligibility estimates.","volume":"40","author":"M Davern","year":"2005","journal-title":"Health Serv Res."},{"key":"ref-58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198851189.003.0007","article-title":"134 Why do household businesses stay informal?","author":"T Tran","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref-59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80-5","DOI":"10.31901\/24566322.2020\/28.1-3.1124","article-title":"The impact of family socio-economic status on access to higher education in vietnam.","volume":"28","author":"H Ha","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Educational Science."},{"key":"ref-60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871-86","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys037","article-title":"Measuring socio-economic position for epidemiological studies in low- and middle-income countries: a methods of measurement in epidemiology paper.","volume":"41","author":"L Howe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref-61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381-7","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.54.5.381","article-title":"Validity of rapid estimates of household wealth and income for health surveys in rural Africa.","volume":"54","author":"S Morris","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health."},{"key":"ref-62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47-54","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/16.1.47","article-title":"Utilization of private and public health-care providers for tuberculosis symptoms in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.","volume":"16","author":"K L\u00f6nnroth","year":"2001","journal-title":"Health Policy Plan."},{"key":"ref-63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424-46","DOI":"10.1080\/13669877.2019.1591484","article-title":"Drivers of flood and climate change risk perceptions and intention to adapt: an explorative survey in coastal and delta Vietnam.","volume":"23","author":"C Ngo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Risk Res."},{"key":"ref-64","article-title":"Completed results of the 2019 Viet Nam population and housing census.","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref-65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/feduc.2018.00058","article-title":"A systematic review of factors that influence youths career choices\u2014the role of culture.","volume":"3","author":"P Akosah-Twumasi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Educ."},{"key":"ref-66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734-40","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732315591150","article-title":"Deliberative discussion focus groups.","volume":"26","author":"E Rothwell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Qual Health Res."},{"key":"ref-67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40900-019-0139-1","article-title":"Patient and public engagement in integrated knowledge translation research: are we there yet?","volume":"5","author":"D Banner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Res Involv Engagem."},{"key":"ref-68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0216112","article-title":"Community participation in health services development, implementation, and evaluation: a systematic review of empowerment, health, community, and process outcomes.","volume":"14","author":"V Haldane","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"ref-69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0254201","article-title":"Public engagement with science-Origins, motives and impact in academic literature and science policy.","volume":"16","author":"P Weingart","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"ref-70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002794","article-title":"Designing a community engagement framework for a new dengue control method: a case study from central Vietnam.","volume":"8","author":"D McNaughton","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis."},{"key":"ref-71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/25977","article-title":"Social media engagement and influenza vaccination during the covid-19 pandemic: cross-sectional survey study.","volume":"23","author":"A Benis","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res."},{"key":"ref-72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.106137","article-title":"Community engagement and social assessment for Wolbachia-Based suppression of natural populations of Aedes aegypti: The Mexican experience.","author":"V Josu\u00e9","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref-73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14-7","DOI":"10.1002\/hast.26","article-title":"What is public deliberation?","volume":"42","author":"E Blacksher","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hastings Cent Rep."},{"key":"ref-74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11-20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2015.03.024","article-title":"Effectiveness of public deliberation methods for gathering input on issues in healthcare: Results from a randomized trial.","volume":"133","author":"K Carman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med."},{"key":"ref-75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1279-91","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czab005","article-title":"Deliberative engagement methods on health care priority-setting in a rural South African community.","volume":"36","author":"A Tugendhaft","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Policy Plan."}],"container-title":["Wellcome Open Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/wellcomeopenresearch.org\/articles\/8-473\/v2\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/wellcomeopenresearch.org\/articles\/8-473\/v2\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/wellcomeopenresearch.org\/articles\/8-473\/v2\/iparadigms","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T00:45:14Z","timestamp":1722905114000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/wellcomeopenresearch.org\/articles\/8-473\/v2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]]},"references-count":74,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.19632.2","relation":{"has-version":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.19632.1","asserted-by":"subject"}],"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21956\/wellcomeopenres.23657.r87203","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21956\/wellcomeopenres.23657.r89346","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21956\/wellcomeopenres.23657.r87202","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21956\/wellcomeopenres.23657.r87203","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21956\/wellcomeopenres.23657.r89346","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2398-502X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-502X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Indexed","URL":"https:\/\/wellcomeopenresearch.org\/articles\/8-473\/v2#article-reports","order":0,"name":"referee-status","label":"Referee status","group":{"name":"current-referee-status","label":"Current Referee Status"}},{"value":"10.21956\/wellcomeopenres.21748.r69045, John Noel Viana, Justice and Technoscience Laboratory (JusTech), School of Regulation and Global Governance (RegNet), College of Asia & the Pacific, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 21 Nov 2023, version 1, 2 approved with reservations","URL":"https:\/\/wellcomeopenresearch.org\/articles\/8-473\/v1#referee-response-69045","order":0,"name":"referee-response-69045","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"<b>Vy Pham-Tram<\/b>; \n<i>Posted: 03 Apr 2024<\/i>; Thank you for your feedback on this article.&nbsp;Here, we'd like to go over each point in the reviewer's report. We will quote the reviewer's comment and provide a response directly below it. 1. &quot;First, the abstract should specify that the project is on students\u2019 views on dengue research (and not just on dengue, in general).&quot; \n<i>&gt;&gt; Thank you for pointing this out. We have amended this in the abstract. <\/i> 2. &quot;In the Introduction, the authors could include some statistics [.......] if this is not available, relevant research on views of people in other Southeast Asian countries.&quot; \n<i>&gt;&gt; The introduction has been revised and additional text has been incorporated to address these points. <\/i> 3. &quot;There are also additional details that the authors could include in their Methods section. They need to explain why they chose to recruit 1st and 3rd year students, in addition to providing a brief background on the four degrees that are covered (Medicine, Preventive Medicine. Public Health, and Nutrition).&quot; \n<i>&gt;&gt; More information has been added to the paragraph describing why we recruited students early in their academic careers. Essentially, by recruiting first and third years studying at the medical and public health faculties at UMP and following them over time, after 3 years the cohort including representatives in each academic year studying across the various courses available at UMP.&nbsp; (To approach all the students in all the academic years across both faculties would have involved thousands of students, since UMP admits in excess of 700 students to its various courses each year \u2013 this would have been impossible for our team both logistically and financially.)<\/i> \n<i>A short summary of relevant information describing the various degrees offered at UMP is provided in the appendix, since including this level of detail in the main text might distract readers from the main content of the manuscript. <\/i> 4. &quot;The authors also need to describe the themes that they intend to explore [....] issues associated with partnerships between high and middle\/low-income countries, given that this was extensively described in the Introduction? \n<i>&gt;&gt; We have added a short explanation on how the initial themes were selected. As we expected, the structure and quality of research partnerships between HIC and LMIC actors has figured prominently in the students views on the ethics of human subjects\u2019 research in the Vietnamese context. However, the primary purpose of this paper is to describe the methods we used to establish the cohort. We intend to publish the detailed findings from our work in a series of related publications in due course.&nbsp; <\/i> 5. &quot;It is also a bit unclear who will be interviewed, recruited to participate in a focus group discussion, and\/or surveyed.&quot; \n<i>&gt;&gt; In the section describing \u201ccohort activities\u201d we have added more detail about advertising the engagement events related to a new theme to the whole cohort, then selecting groups of students for these activities from among those who express interest, and subsequently selecting a sub-group of those who participate in an engagement event for the FGDs\/IDIs relating to that theme. <\/i> \n<i>With respect to the surveys, all students in the cohort are asked to complete the demographic questionnaire and comprehensive survey as soon as possible after enrolment. At the start of each academic year all students still involved in the cohort are asked to complete the comprehensive survey again. <\/i> 6. &quot;Does each student only have to participate in the kick-off seminar [...] especially if the study aims to determine changes in attitudes towards clinical research from participation in different activities?&quot; \n<i>&gt;&gt; After recruitment (with appropriate consent), all students are encouraged to attend a kick-off seminar, though not all are able to fit this in due to their busy schedules. Later, all the students in the cohort at the time an engagement event is planned for a particular theme, are invited to express interest to take part if they wish. However, for each event numbers are limited by the venue capacity and by the number of staff available to support the event. Individual students are then selected to attend on a first come first served basis after ensuring that students who have not been able to take part previously (or recently) are first offered a place. &nbsp;All activities are voluntary, and no student is \u201crequired\u201d to attend any event. We have very active student ambassadors who encourage participation, and actually most activities are very oversubscribed.&nbsp; <\/i> \n<i>We plan to look at big picture changes in the students\u2019 views by examining the serial comprehensive surveys that are completed each year. For the quantitative data, individual themes are being explored sequentially; therefore, although we may see effects related to age\/year of study within a theme, we will not attempt to evaluate changes related to exposure to study activities over time. <\/i> 7. &quot;Will the authors be comparing the impact of different kinds of activities on students\u2019 attitudes towards\/awareness of issues in clinical research?&quot; \n<i>&gt;&gt; This is not included as an objective of the main project. However, in a separate piece of work we are exploring the student experience related to membership of the cohort, using a journey mapping approach after their involvement has ended. As part of this effort, we are examining the views of a small number of students about the influence of different activity types and whether they felt being involved changed their views about research in a meaningful way.&nbsp; <\/i> 8. &quot;The authors also need to describe if they have a target number of initial interviewees, focus group discussions, and number of participants in a focus group discussion.&quot; \n<i>&gt;&gt; The intended numbers of participants for each activity type have been added to the manuscript.&nbsp; <\/i> 9. &quot;The authors also need to indicate whether family members that will be interviewed and non-students involved in participatory initiatives will be remunerated.&quot;&nbsp; \n<i>&gt;&gt; Family members who participate in FGDs are remunerated the same standard amount for their time as the student participants. &nbsp;<\/i> \n<i>The student-led participatory activities are competitive in nature, and the time and effort expended by students is variable. There is no monetary benefit, but comprehensive skills training is provided for those who wish to take part, and a series of prizes is awarded to the best entries in several different categories, as judged by an independent panel. All students who submit an entry also receive a small gift of appreciation and a certificate of recognition for their participation.&nbsp; <\/i> 10. &quot;The section on Study Status should directly include some information on what counts as a \u201cpoor\u201d or \u201cwealthy\u201d family. Figure 1 can also be made more comprehensive [....]&nbsp; include a section indicating planned future activities (after July 31) to help readers visualize the entire project.&quot; \n<i>&gt;&gt; Information on how we classified socio-economic status is included in the Appendix, and we feel adding this level of detail to the main document could distract the reader. Therefore, we prefer to retain this information in the Appendix.&nbsp; <\/i> \n<i>Figure 1 is a summary of the events that took place during the first year, indicating the numbers of students exposed to or attending each type of event. Actually, the timing of the various activities overlaps as many events took place in parallel. We have designed a schematic (Supplementary Figure 3) to present the general flow of activities over the first year but feel it would be too confusing for the reader to include all the actual dates in Figure 1.<\/i> \n<i>Other than as described in general here, we do not have an overall plan of the entire project. Thematic activities are arranged in a flexible manner, being responsive to the interests of both the research team and student cohort members as the project progresses. <\/i> 11. &quot;In the Discussion, the authors could describe how socio-economic status[....] how professional training (public health vs. medicine vs. nutrition) can influence understanding of ethical\/societal issues in research.&quot; \n<i>&gt;&gt; In the Discussion section we comment on the relevance of demographic and socio-economic &nbsp;characteristics and indicate that these factors can influence individuals\u2019 attitudes towards research and research ethics. However, the intention in this paper is to describe the methodology we used to establish the cohort and the techniques we employed to explore the students\u2019 views, and also to present a big-picture overview of the structure of the cohort after one year.&nbsp; In subsequent papers we will describe our findings in relation to particular ethical concepts\/questions, and at that time we will explore relationships with these, and other, factors. Regarding the potential impact of professional training, we agree that students\u2019 perception may be influenced by knowledge gained though their academic training; when appropriate this will be included in our analyses related to particular topics. <\/i> 12. &quot;Finally, the authors might consider double checking their punctuation[....] can be replaced with \u201cOne disease of particular concern\u201d. \n<i>&gt;&gt; Grammar and syntax are continually evolving and there are differing views on many points - e.g. use of a comma after an introductory prepositional phrase. An \u201cuncluttered\u201d approach tends to be preferred in newer style guides. However, if the journal has an in-house style guide, we would be happy to follow its recommendations. <\/i>","URL":"https:\/\/wellcomeopenresearch.org\/articles\/8-473\/v2#referee-comment-5657","order":1,"name":"referee-comment-5657","label":"Referee Comment","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.21956\/wellcomeopenres.23657.r87203, Suryane S Susanti, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 11 Jul 2024, version 2, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/wellcomeopenresearch.org\/articles\/8-473\/v2#referee-response-87203","order":2,"name":"referee-response-87203","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.21956\/wellcomeopenres.23657.r89346, Ryan Spellecy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 06 Aug 2024, version 2, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/wellcomeopenresearch.org\/articles\/8-473\/v2#referee-response-89346","order":3,"name":"referee-response-89346","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"This work was supported by Wellcome [212345 <a href=https:\/\/doi.org\/10.35802\/212345>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.35802\/212345<\/a>]; [106680, <a href=https:\/\/doi.org\/10.35802\/106680>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.35802\/106680<\/a>]. The funders were not involved in study design; data collection, management, analysis, and interpretation; writing of the report; and the decision to submit the report for publication. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.","order":4,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}