{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T06:26:31Z","timestamp":1787207191309,"version":"build-2736575974"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.22839.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786406400000}},{"DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.22839.2","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786406400000}}],"reference-count":18,"publisher":"F1000 Research Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786406400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009053","name":"Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IA\/CPHE\/21\/1\/505978"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IA\/CPHE\/21\/1\/505978"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["wellcomeopenresearch.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Wellcome Open Res"],"abstract":"<ns5:p>\n                    Background The proposed research aims to test the effects of a two-month yoga-breath linked intervention to stop smoking (Y-BLISS) as an add-on to standard treatment in tobacco use disorder (TUD; in the form of cigarette smoking) by conducting a randomized controlled study with the following primary outcome variable: number of cigarettes smoked per day. Secondary outcome variables are motivation to stop smoking, craving, dependence severity, lung capacity, and exhaled carbon-monoxide, and 7-day point-prevalence abstinence (7PPA). In this single-blinded, randomized, controlled, parallel-group superiority trial with 1:1 allocation ratio, 100 patients with TUD availing the outpatient\/inpatient clinical services at a tertiary mental healthcare hospital in India will be enrolled after giving informed consent. Consecutive consenting patients will be randomly allotted to one of the two groups \u2013 yoga arm (Y-bliss arm), or desktop exercise arm (D-exercise arm). Allocation concealment will be followed, the clinicians, outcome assessors and data analysts will remain blind to subject-group allocation. A validated and standardized 12-minute yoga program (Y-BLISS) for TUD will be used as an intervention. The control group will receive an equivalent 12-minute desktop exercise module. Participants in respective arms will receive 40 online supervised sessions over 8\u00a0weeks, 5 sessions per week in the mornings as they will be asked to practice the same on an as-neededs basis whenever they feel cravings for cigarette smoking. Assessments will be done at baseline, 4th week and 8\n                    <ns5:sup>th<\/ns5:sup>\n                    week. Data from all randomized subjects will be analyzed using intent-to-treat analysis and mixed model multivariate analysis. Dissemination Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations, and social media. Trial registration number The trial has been registered under Clinical Trials Registry India (CTRI) with the registration number: CTRI\/2022\/12\/048117, date of registration: 14\n                    <ns5:sup>th<\/ns5:sup>\n                    December 2022.\n                  <\/ns5:p>","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.22839.3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T08:59:05Z","timestamp":1786438745000},"page":"693","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy of yoga-breath linked intervention to stop smoking (Y-BLISS) in reducing the number of cigarettes smoked per day among smokers attempting to reduce or quit: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.12688","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Chandra","family":"Shekar MV","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yoga and Life Sciences Bengaluru Karnataka 560019 Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (S-VYASA))"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2665-0533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hemant","family":"Bhargav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intergrative Medicine Bengaluru Karnataka 560029 National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS))"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0999-1237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bharath","family":"Holla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intergrative Medicine Bengaluru Karnataka 560029 National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS))"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayant","family":"Mahadevan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry Bengaluru Karnataka 560029 National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yoga and Life Sciences Bengaluru Karnataka 560019 Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (S-VYASA))"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Venkata Lakshmi","family":"Narasimha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry Bengaluru Karnataka 560029 National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naresh","family":"Katla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yoga and Life Sciences Bengaluru Karnataka 560019 Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (S-VYASA))"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9949-970X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atmakur","family":"Snigdha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yoga and Life Sciences Bengaluru Karnataka 560019 Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (S-VYASA))"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Komal","family":"S","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yoga and science of living Ladnun Rajasthan 341306 Jain Vishva Bharathi Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Maheswari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmental pharmacy Bengaluru Karnataka 560054 M.S. Ramaiah University of applied sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2560","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53-60","DOI":"10.1007\/S40429-013-0003-6","article-title":"Women and smoking: the effect of gender on the epidemiology, health effects, and cessation of smoking.","volume":"1","author":"A Allen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Addict Rep."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S45-S50","DOI":"10.1093\/NTR\/NTQ038","article-title":"The reliability and predictive validity of the heaviness of smoking index and its two components: findings from the international tobacco control four country study.","volume":"12","author":"R Borland","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17605\/OSF.IO\/P2A4W","article-title":"Efficacy of Yoga-Breath Linked Intervention to Stop Smoking 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The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.","order":2,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}