{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T15:55:16Z","timestamp":1790870116312,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Medical Association of Nippon Medical School","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Nippon Med Sch"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"DOI":"10.1272\/jnms.78.4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,7]],"date-time":"2011-03-07T06:09:21Z","timestamp":1299478161000},"page":"4-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Variant Angina and Coronary Artery Spasm: The Clinical Spectrum, Pathophysiology, and Management"],"prefix":"10.1272","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Yoshiki","family":"Kusama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Hepatology, Geriatrics, and Integrated Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Nippon Medical School Tama Nagayama Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eitaro","family":"Kodani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Hepatology, Geriatrics, and Integrated Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Nippon Medical School Tama Nagayama Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Nakagomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Hepatology, Geriatrics, and Integrated Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Nippon Medical School Tama Nagayama Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiaki","family":"Otsuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirotsugu","family":"Atarashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Hepatology, Geriatrics, and Integrated Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Nippon Medical School Tama Nagayama Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Kishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Hepatology, Geriatrics, and Integrated Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyoichi","family":"Mizuno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Hepatology, Geriatrics, and Integrated Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"21","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(59)90003-8"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. Higgins CB, Wexler L, Silverman JF, Schroeder JS: Clinical and arteriographic features of Prinzmetal's variant angina: documentation of etiologic factors. Am J Cardiol 1976; 37: 831-839.","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(76)90106-5"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. Curry RC, Pepine CJ, Sabom MB, Conti CR: Similarities of ergonovine-induced and spontaneous attacks of variant angina. Circulation 1979; 59: 307-312.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.59.2.307"},{"issue":"3","key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1536\/ihj.37.317","volume":"37","author":"KISHIDA H","year":"1996","journal-title":"Jpn Heart J","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0021-4868","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.36.760"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6. Yasue H, Nakagawa H, Itoh T, Harada E, Mizuno Y: Coronary artery spasm-clinical features, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment. J Cardiol 2008; 51: 2-17.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2008.01.001"},{"issue":"6","key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1536\/ihj.26.885","volume":"26","author":"KISHIDA H","year":"1985","journal-title":"Jpn Heart J","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0021-4868","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8. JCS Joint Working Group: Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of patients with vasospastic angina (coronary spastic angina) (JCS 2008): digest version. Circ J 2010; 74: 1745-1762.","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-10-74-0802"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9. Yasue H, Horio Y, Nakamura N, et al.: Induction of coronary artery spasm by acetylcholine in patients with variant angina: possible role of the parasympathetic nervous system in the pathogenesis of coronary artery spasm. Circulation 1986; 74: 955-963.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.74.5.955"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(77)90060-1"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11. Shimokawa H: Cellular and molecular mechanisms of coronary artery spasm: lessons from animal models. Jpn Circ J 2000; 64: 1-12.","DOI":"10.1253\/jcj.64.1"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12. Murad F: Nitric oxide and cyclic GMP in cell signaling and drug development. N Engl J Med 2006; 355: 2003-2011.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa063904"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13. Kugiyama K, Yasue H, Okumura K, et al.: Nitric oxide activity is deficient in spasm arteries of patients with coronary spastic angina. Circulation 1996; 94: 266-271.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.94.3.266"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(97)00236-2"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.273.5272.245"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000176193.83629.c8"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(99)00144-3"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18. Katsumata N, Shimokawa H, Seto M, et al.: Enhanced myosin light chain phosphorylations as a central mechanism for coronary artery spasm in a swine model with interleukin-1[beta]. Circulation 1997; 96: 4357-4363.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.96.12.4357"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hc1002.105938"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20. Otsuka T, Ibuki C, Suzuki T, et al.: Administration of the Rho-kinase inhibitor, fasudil, following nitroglycerin additionally dilates the site of coronary spasm in patients with vasospastic angina. Coron Artery Dis 2008; 19: 105-110.","DOI":"10.1097\/MCA.0b013e3282f3420c"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-004-0794-4"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"22. Yasue H, Touyama M, Shimamoto M, Kato H, Tanaka S: Role of autonomic nervous system in the pathogenesis of Prinzmetal's variant form of angina. Circulation 1974; 50: 534-539.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.50.3.534"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(98)70034-1"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/jcj.62.721"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/152308604771978363"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"26. Miwa K, Miyagi Y, Igawa A, Nakagawa K, Inoue H: Vitamin E deficiency in variant angina. Circulation 1996; 94: 14-18.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.94.1.14"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"27. Sugiishi M, Takatsu F: Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for coronary spasm. Circulation 1993; 87: 76-79.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.87.1.76"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(97)06106-6"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.71.1074"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(90)91375-G"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(94)90886-9"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"32. Miyagi H, Yasue H, Okumura K, Ogawa H, Goto K, Oshima S: Effect of magnesium on anginal attack induced by hyperventilation in patients with variant angina. Circulation 1989; 79: 597-602.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.79.3.597"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"33. Teragawa H, Kato M, Yamagata T, Matsuura H, Kajiyama G: The preventive effect of magnesium on coronary spasm in patients with vasospastic angina. Chest 2000; 118: 1690-1695.","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.118.6.1690"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(84)90128-5"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"35. Pristipino C, Beltrame JF, Finocchiaro ML, et al.: Major racial differences in coronary constrictor response between Japanese and Caucasians with recent myocardial infarction. Circulation 2000; 101: 1102-1108.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.10.1102"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004390050785"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"37. Nakayama M, Yasue H, Yoshimura M, et al.: T<sup>-786<\/sup>&rarr;C mutation in the 5'-flanking region of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene is associated with coronary spasm. Circulation 1999; 99: 2864-2870.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.99.22.2864"},{"key":"38","unstructured":"38. Yoshimura M, Yasue H, Nakayama M, et al.: Genetic risk factors for coronary artery spasm: significance of endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene T<sup>-786<\/sup>&rarr;C and missense Glu298Asp variants. J Investig Med 2000; 48: 367-374."},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-001-0654-6"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000014613.36469.3F"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ehj.2004.02.020"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"42. Nakamura M, Takeshita A, Nose Y: Clinical characteristics associated with myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, and sudden death in patients with vasospastic angina. Circulation 1987; 75: 1110-1116.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.75.6.1110"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"43. Kishida H, Tada Y, Tetsuoh Y, et al.: A new strategy for the reduction of acute myocardial infarction in variant angina. Am Heart J 1991; 122: 1554-1561.","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(91)90271-I"},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"44. Kimura E, Kishida H: Treatment of variant angina with drugs: a survey of 11 cardiology institutes in Japan. Circulation 1981; 63: 844-848.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.63.4.844"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"45. Yasue H, Takizawa A, Nagao M, et al.: Long-term prognosis for patients with variant angina and influential factors. Circulation 1988; 78: 1-9.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.78.1.1"},{"key":"46","unstructured":"46. Io K, Minatoguchi S, Nishigaki K, et al.: Effects of benidipine and some other calcium channel blockers on the prognosis of patients with vasospastic angina. Cohort study with evaluation of the ergonovine coronary spasm induction test. Arzneimittelforschung 2007; 57: 573-581."},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0b013e3181624b05"},{"issue":"2","key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1987.127","volume":"42","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0009-9236","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(98)00447-1"},{"key":"50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.12.049"},{"key":"51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.fjc.0000141473.29254.62"},{"key":"52","unstructured":"52. Study of the role of coronary spasm in ischemic heart disease, supported by grants for studies on cardiovascular diseases from the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare (MHLW) (10ko-5). Research report in 2000(in Japanese)."}],"container-title":["Journal of Nippon Medical School"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jnms\/78\/1\/78_1_4\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,29]],"date-time":"2021-03-29T07:43:26Z","timestamp":1617003806000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jnms\/78\/1\/78_1_4\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1272\/jnms.78.4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1345-4676","1347-3409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1345-4676","type":"print"},{"value":"1347-3409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011]]}}}