{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T11:44:55Z","timestamp":1762429495089},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Engineering and Technology Publishing","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["jcm"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Though the Traditional method of teaching Braille script for the blind is simple, yet it has some potential drawbacks. Handling the marbles and the slate for a first-time does make learning very difficult. In most cases, the teacher will also be blind, so for each representation, the teacher must reach each student\u2019s slate and change the arrangement of the marbles. This is a harder and time taking job. This project focuses on the design and development of an embedded system based electronic assistive device which eases the problem of teaching visually challenged beginner. This Project is implemented using an ordinary Braille slate with IR sensors and Raspberry Pi 2 Model B board which is cost-effective and simple. The Software is implemented in Simulink of MATLAB R2020. The placing of the marbles in the slate is sensed by the IR Proximity sensor. If the combination of the marbles placed is correct, then the Raspberry Pi\u2019s Text to speak converter produces the audio sound output of the corresponding letter. This method provides an easy way of teaching Braille Script with less effort for the teacher.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.12720\/jcm.16.10.457-467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T08:41:57Z","timestamp":1634719317000},"page":"457-467","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Low-cost Voice Based Braille Script Communication for Teaching Aid"],"prefix":"10.12720","author":[{"name":"Center for Research and Consultancy, Middle East College, Knowledge Oasis Muscat, P.B. No. 79, Al Rusayl 124, Oman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Shaik Asif.","family":"Hussain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Shaik Javeed.","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Raza","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Salman","family":"Mahmood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"4977","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[1] S. Shokat, R. Riaz, S. S. Rizvi, K. Khan, F. Riaz, and S. J. Kwon, \"Analysis and evaluation of braille to text conversion methods,\" Mobile Information Systems, vol. 2020, p. 14, 2020.","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/3461651"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[2] K. M. R. Navadeepika and V. D. A. Kumar, \"Enhancement in braille systems-A survey,\" in Computational Methods and Data Engineering. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, V. Singh, V. K. Asari, S. Kumar, and R. B. Patel Eds., vol. 1257, 2021.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-7907-3_10"},{"key":"ref2","unstructured":"[3] S. Iqbal and D. S Gedam. Blindness: Indian Scenario. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/260419301"},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"[4] \"Community Eye Health Journal\" from International Center for Eye Health - Vision 2020, Volume 23, Issue 72- March 2010."},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"[5] N. Mohammed and E. L. Moughny, \"Assistive computing technology for learning to write baille,\" UG Senior thesis Report, 2008."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[6] S. A. K. Jilani and G. R. S. Manasa, \"Raspberry pi based colour speaker,\" SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering, vol. 1, no. 7 Sept. 2014.","DOI":"10.14445\/23488549\/IJECE-V1I7P105"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[7] A. Singhal and P. Jain \"Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) based actuator for Refreshable display of Braille,\" in Proc. ASME, International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & computers & Information in Engineering Conference IDETC\/CIE, USA, 2013.","DOI":"10.1115\/DETC2013-13159"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[8] C. Southern, J. Clawson, and B. Frey, \"An evaluation of braille touch: Mobile touch screen Text entry for visually impaired,\" 2012.","DOI":"10.1145\/2371664.2371696"},{"key":"ref8","unstructured":"[9] G. C. Shivasharanappa and S. L. Anusha \"Development of braille display,\" in Proc. International Conference on Recent Trends in Signal & Image Processing, 2014."},{"key":"ref9","unstructured":"[10] B. Dange and M. A. Brahmane, \"Drishti- A cost- effective Braille printer,\" in Proc. International Conference on Recent Trends in Engineering and Technology, 2013."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[11] K. Kovvuru, J. Kumar, and N. Kishore, \"Electronic braille alphabet reader for multilanguage,\" International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, vol. 8, no. 4. pp. 1739-1742, 2019.","DOI":"10.35940\/ijrte.C5826.118419"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[12] S. A. Hussain, R. Hasan, S. Mahmood, and S. J. Hussain, \"Design of wireless robotic system for rescue operation in hazardous environments,\" International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Research, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 299-304, February 2020.","DOI":"10.18178\/ijmerr.9.2.299-304"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[13] S. J. Hussain, S. Khan, R. Hasan, and S. A. Hussain, \"Design and implementation of animal activity monitoring system using TI sensor tag,\" in Cognitive Informatics and Soft Computing. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, P. Mallick, V. Balas, A. Bhoi, G. S. Chae, Eds., vol. 1040, 2020.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-1451-7_18"},{"key":"ref13","unstructured":"[14] R. Hasan, S. A. Hussain, S. A. Nizamuddin, and S. Mahmood, \"An Autonomous Robot for Intelligent Security Systems,\" in Proc. 9th IEEE Control and System Graduate Research Colloquium, Shah Alam, Malaysia, 2018, pp. 201-206. [15] A. N. Bassam, S. A. Hussain, A. A. Qaraghuli, et al., \"IoT based wearable device to monitor the signs of quarantined remote patients of COVID-19,\" Informatics in Medicine Unlocked. 2021."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[16] S. A. Hussain, C. S. Ramaiah, J. C. Babu, and M. N. Giri Prasad, \"IOT multitasking: Design of smart phone application for systematic execution and scheduling in real time environment,\" in Proc. 4th MEC International Conference on Big Data and Smart City, 2019, pp. 1-6.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICBDSC.2019.8645606"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[17] K. K. Kishore, G. Prudhvi, and M. Naveen, \"Braille script to voice conversion,\" in Proc. International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication, 2017, pp. 1080-1082.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCMC.2017.8282637"},{"key":"ref16","unstructured":"[18] H. S. Asif, R. Chandrashekar, P. Madhav, and S. Hussain, \"Robot manipulator with a tactile sensor for object recognition in industrial welding process,\" International Journal of Control Theory and Applications, vol. 9, pp. 8373-8381, 2016."}],"container-title":["Journal of Communications"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jocm.us\/uploadfile\/2021\/0922\/20210922032558702.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,25]],"date-time":"2021-11-25T07:11:37Z","timestamp":1637824297000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jocm.us\/show-260-1696-1.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"references-count":17,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12720\/jcm.16.10.457-467","relation":{},"ISSN":["2374-4367"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2374-4367"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}}}