{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T19:54:58Z","timestamp":1793735698768,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Management Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We provide evidence from field experiments with three different banks that reminder messages increase commitment attainment for clients who recently opened commitment savings accounts. Messages that mention both savings goals and financial incentives are particularly effective, whereas other content variations such as gain versus loss framing do not have significantly different effects. Nor do we find evidence that receiving additional late reminders has an additive effect. These empirical results do not map neatly into existing models, so we provide a simple model where limited attention to exceptional expenses can generate undersaving that is in turn mitigated by reminders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Data, as supplemental material, are available at http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1287\/mnsc.2015.2296 .<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This paper was accepted by Teck-Hua Ho, behavioral economics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2015.2296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,19]],"date-time":"2016-01-19T15:54:55Z","timestamp":1453218895000},"page":"3393-3411","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":477,"title":["Getting to the Top of Mind: How Reminders Increase Saving"],"prefix":"10.1287","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Dean","family":"Karlan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"McConnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sendhil","family":"Mullainathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Zinman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"109","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2014.2091"},{"key":"B2","first-page":"1","volume":"81","author":"Akerlof G","year":"1991","journal-title":"Amer. Econom. Rev."},{"key":"B3","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Handbook of Consumer Theory and Research","author":"Alba J","year":"1991"},{"key":"B4","unstructured":"Ananth B, Karlan D, Mullainathan S (2007) Microentrepreneurs and their money: Three anomalies. Working paper, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2009.269"},{"key":"B6","first-page":"Article 5","volume":"6","author":"Ashraf N","year":"2006","journal-title":"Adv. Econom. Anal. Policy"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/qjec.2006.121.2.635"},{"key":"B8","first-page":"1701","volume-title":"Handbook of Industrial Organization","volume":"3","author":"Bagwell K","year":"2007"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmoneco.2005.03.002"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Banerjee A, Mullainathan S (2009) The shape of temptation: Implications for the economic lives of the poor. NBER Working Paper 15973, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.","DOI":"10.3386\/w15973"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/380085"},{"key":"B12","first-page":"59","volume-title":"Lessons from Pension Reform in the Americas","author":"Beshears J","year":"2008"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/673885"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brunnermeier M, Papakonstantinou F, Parker J (2008) An economic model of the planning fallacy. NBER Working Paper 14228, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.","DOI":"10.3386\/w14228"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511808098.016"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1988.10478575"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cadena X, Schoar A (2011) Remembering to pay? Reminders vs. financial incentives for loan payments. NBER Working Paper 17020, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.","DOI":"10.3386\/w17020"},{"key":"B18","unstructured":"Calzolari G, Nardotto M (2015) Nudging with reminders: A field experiment. Working paper, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.99.4.1145"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7208\/chicago\/9780226903286.003.0003"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.economics.102308.124309"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.101.6.2350"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/app.5.1.163"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2966.2010.01005.x"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ericson K (2014) On the interaction between memory and procrastination: Implications for reminders. NBER Working Paper 20381, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.","DOI":"10.3386\/w20381"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60701-0"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.96.5.1449"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/qjec.2006.121.2.505"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qje\/qju015"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holman J, Zaidi F (2010) The economics of prospective memory. White paper, Highbridge Capital Management, New York.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.1662183"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-economics-080511-110909"},{"key":"B32","unstructured":"Karlan D, Zinman J (2014) Price and control elasticities of demand for savings. Working paper, Yale University, New Haven, CT."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karlan D, Morten M, Zinman J (2015) A personal touch: Text messaging for loan repayment. Working paper, Yale University, New Haven, CT.","DOI":"10.1353\/bsp.2015.0016"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/roiw.12101"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kast F, Meier S, Pomeranz D (2012) Under-savers anonymous: Evidence on self-help groups and peer pressure as a savings commitment device. NBER Working Paper 18417, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.","DOI":"10.3386\/w18417"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1948550610375722"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qje\/qjs049"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2008.0099"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/003355397555253"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/003355301556356"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Laibson D, Repetto A, Tobacman J (2007) Estimating discount functions with consumption choices over the lifecycle. NBER Working Paper 13314, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.","DOI":"10.3386\/w13314"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/003355301753265543"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/003355302320935034"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-0415"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/003355302760193887"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.89.1.103"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.2009.01417.x"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmoneco.2006.03.001"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jeea.12104"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-2231(99)00013-5"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3932(03)00029-1"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1509\/jmr.10.0250"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rfs\/hhu008"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/665833"},{"key":"B55","unstructured":"Taubinsky D (2013) From intentions to actions: A model and experimental evidence of inattentive choice. Working paper, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/jep.4.1.193"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/587627"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-7-55"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1000776108"}],"container-title":["Management Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubsonline.informs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1287\/mnsc.2015.2296","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,2]],"date-time":"2023-04-02T11:50:55Z","timestamp":1680436255000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubsonline.informs.org\/doi\/10.1287\/mnsc.2015.2296"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1287\/mnsc.2015.2296"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1287\/mnsc.2015.2296","relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-1909","1526-5501"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-1909","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-5501","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}}}