{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T06:57:30Z","timestamp":1791010650216,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,29]],"date-time":"2017-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3241,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The etiology of childhood brain cancer remains largely unknown. However, previous studies have yielded suggestive associations with parental pesticide use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to evaluate parental exposure to pesticides at home and on the job in relation to the occurrence of brain cancer in children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included 526 one-to-one\u2013matched case\u2013control pairs. Brain cancer cases were diagnosed at &amp;lt; 10 years of age, and were identified from statewide cancer registries of four U.S. Atlantic Coast states. We selected controls by random digit dialing. We conducted computer-assisted telephone interviews with mothers. Using information on residential pesticide use and jobs held by fathers during the 2-year period before the child\u2019s birth, we assessed potential exposure to insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides. For each job, two raters independently classified the probability and intensity of exposure; 421 pairs were available for final analysis. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using conditional logistic regression, after adjustment for maternal education.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A significant risk of astrocytoma was associated with exposures to herbicides from residential use (OR = 1.9; 95% CI, 1.2\u20133.0). Combining parental exposures to herbicides from both residential and occupational sources, the elevated risk remained significant (OR = 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1\u20133.1). We observed little association with primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) for any of the pesticide classes or exposure sources considered.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our observation is consistent with a previous literature reporting suggestive associations between parental exposure to pesticides and risk of astrocytoma in offspring but not PNET. However, these findings should be viewed in light of limitations in exposure assessment and effective sample size.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0800209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,12]],"date-time":"2009-02-12T20:45:05Z","timestamp":1234471505000},"page":"1002-1006","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Parental Exposure to Pesticides and Childhood Brain Cancer: U.S. Atlantic Coast Childhood Brain Cancer Study"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Youn K.","family":"Shim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Health Studies, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven P.","family":"Mlynarek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edwin","family":"van Wijngaarden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026080504062319700_micit1","volume-title":"Multi-state Case-Control Study of Childhood Brain Cancer","author":"Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry","year":"2004"},{"key":"2026080504062319700_micit2","first-page":"573","volume-title":"Critical windows of exposure for children\u2019s health: cancer in human epidemiological studies and neoplasms in experimental animal models","author":"Anderson","year":"2000"},{"issue":"4805","key":"2026080504062319700_micit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3107130","article-title":"Gene for von 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