{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T14:35:49Z","timestamp":1786631749645,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,29]],"date-time":"2017-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2993,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Some authors have reported higher blood mercury (Hg) levels in persons with autism, relative to unaffected controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We compared blood total Hg concentrations in children with autism or autism spectrum disorder (AU\/ASD) and typically developing (TD) controls in population-based samples, and determined the role of fish consumption in differences observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Childhood Autism Risk from Genetics and the Environment (CHARGE) Study enrolled children 2\u20135 years of age. After diagnostic evaluation, we analyzed three groups: AU\/ASD, non-AU\/ASD with developmental delay (DD), and population-based TD controls. Mothers were interviewed about household, medical, and dietary exposures. Blood Hg was measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted (n = 452) to predict blood Hg from diagnostic status controlling for Hg sources.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fish consumption strongly predicted total Hg concentration. AU\/ASD children ate less fish. After adjustment for fish and other Hg sources, blood Hg levels in AU\/ASD children were similar to those of TD children (p = 0.75); this was also true among non-fish eaters (p = 0.73). The direct effect of AU\/ASD diagnosis on blood Hg not through the indirect pathway of altered fish consumption was a 12% reduction. DD children had lower blood Hg concentrations in all analyses. Dental amalgams in children with gum-chewing or teeth-grinding habits predicted higher levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After accounting for dietary and other differences in Hg exposures, total Hg in blood was neither elevated nor reduced in CHARGE Study preschoolers with AU\/ASD compared with unaffected controls, and resembled those of nationally representative samples.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0900736","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,19]],"date-time":"2009-10-19T12:27:48Z","timestamp":1255955268000},"page":"161-166","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":96,"title":["Blood Mercury Concentrations in CHARGE Study Children with and without Autism"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Irva","family":"Hertz-Picciotto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences"},{"name":"Children\u2019s Center for Environmental Health and Disease Prevention"},{"name":"MIND (Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders) Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter G.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lora","family":"Delwiche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences"},{"name":"Children\u2019s Center for Environmental Health and Disease Prevention"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Center for Environmental Health and Disease 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