{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T14:37:48Z","timestamp":1786631868895,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,29]],"date-time":"2017-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2712,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Proximity to traffic-related pollution has been associated with poor respiratory health in adults and children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We wished to test the hypothesis that particulate matter (PM) from high-traffic sites would display an enhanced capacity to elicit inflammation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We examined the inflammatory potential of coarse [2.5\u201310 \u03bcm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5\u201310)] and fine [0.1\u20132.5 \u03bcm in aerodynamic diameter (PM0.1\u20132.5)] PM collected from nine sites throughout Europe with contrasting traffic contributions. We incubated murine monocytic-macrophagic RAW264.7 cells with PM samples from these sites (20 or 60 \u03bcg\/cm2) and quantified their capacity to stimulate the release of arachidonic acid (AA) or the production of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF\u03b1) as measures of their inflammatory potential. Responses were then related to PM composition: metals, hydrocarbons, anions\/cations, and endotoxin content.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Inflammatory responses to ambient PM varied markedly on an equal mass basis, with PM2.5\u201310 displaying the largest signals and contrasts among sites. Notably, we found no evidence of enhanced inflammatory potential at high-traffic sites and observed some of the largest responses at sites distant from traffic. Correlation analyses indicated that much of the sample-to-sample contrast in the proinflammatory response was related to the content of endotoxin and transition metals (especially iron and copper) in PM2.5\u201310. Use of the metal chelator diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid inhibited AA release, whereas recombinant endotoxin-neutralizing protein partially inhibited TNF\u03b1 production, demonstrating that different PM components triggered inflammatory responses through separate pathways.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found no evidence that PM collected from sites in close proximity to traffic sources displayed enhanced proinflammatory activity in RAW264.7 cells.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,27]],"date-time":"2010-07-27T11:46:15Z","timestamp":1280231175000},"page":"1728-1734","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Determinants of the Proinflammatory Action of Ambient Particulate Matter in Immortalized Murine Macrophages"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Guastadisegni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Instituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank J.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, King\u2019s College London, London, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flemming R.","family":"Cassee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Environmental Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam E.","family":"Gerlofs-Nijland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Environmental Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole A.H.","family":"Janssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Environmental Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands;"},{"name":"Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Pozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Technology and Health, Instituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bert","family":"Brunekreef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Sandstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Ume\u00e5 University, Ume\u00e5, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Mudway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, King\u2019s College London, London, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"(1)","key":"2026080513033081500_micit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370701665517","article-title":"Evaluating the toxicity of airborne particulate matter and nanoparticles by measuring oxidative stress potential\u2014a workshop report and consensus statement","volume":"20","author":"Ayres","year":"2008","journal-title":"Inhal Toxicol"},{"issue":"(5\u20136)","key":"2026080513033081500_micit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-2333(03)00115-2","article-title":"Biological effects of atmospheric particles on human bronchial epithelial cells. 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