{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:50:14Z","timestamp":1791229814744,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,29]],"date-time":"2017-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2373,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Background: In the past 15 years, mobile telephone use has evolved from an uncommon activity to one with &amp;gt; 4.6 billion subscriptions worldwide. However, there is public concern about the possibility that mobile phones might cause cancer, especially brain tumors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Objectives: We reviewed the evidence on whether mobile phone use raises the risk of the main types of brain tumor\u2014glioma and meningioma\u2014with a particular focus on the recent publication of the largest epidemiologic study yet: the 13-country Interphone Study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Discussion: Methodological deficits limit the conclusions that can be drawn from the Interphone study, but its results, along with those from other epidemiologic, biological, and animal studies and brain tumor incidence trends, suggest that within about 10\u201315 years after first use of mobile phones there is unlikely to be a material increase in the risk of brain tumors in adults. Data for childhood tumors and for periods beyond 15 years are currently lacking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions: Although there remains some uncertainty, the trend in the accumulating evidence is increasingly against the hypothesis that mobile phone use can cause brain tumors in adults.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1103693","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,4]],"date-time":"2011-07-04T07:12:11Z","timestamp":1309763531000},"page":"1534-1538","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Mobile Phones, Brain Tumors, and the Interphone Study: Where Are We Now?"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Anthony J.","family":"Swerdlow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Feychting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adele C.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer and Population Studies Unit, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia"},{"name":"School of Translational Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leeka","family":"Kheifets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Savitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health, and"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"International Commission for Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Standing Committee on Epidemiology","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181b0927d","article-title":"Epidemiologic evidence on mobile phones and tumor risk: a review.","volume":"20","author":"Ahlbom","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7306","article-title":"Epidemiology of health effects of radiofrequency exposure.","volume":"112","author":"Ahlbom","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-200205000-00018","article-title":"Brain tumors and salivary gland cancers among cellular telephone users.","volume":"13","author":"Auvinen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2771","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/53\/11\/001","article-title":"Distribution of RF energy emitted by mobile phones in anatomical structures of the brain.","volume":"53","author":"Cardis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djp415","article-title":"Time trends in brain tumor incidence rates in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden, 1974\u20132003.","volume":"101","author":"Deltour","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.20648","article-title":"Time trends (1998\u20132007) in brain cancer incidence rates in relation to mobile phone use in England.","volume":"32","author":"de Vocht","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioelectromagnetics"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1814","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.19.1814-a","article-title":"Cause-specific mortality in cellular telephone users.","volume":"282","author":"Dreyer","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit8","first-page":"509","article-title":"Pooled analysis of two case-control studies on the use of cellular and cordless telephones and the risk of benign brain tumours diagnosed during 1997\u20132003.","volume":"28","author":"Hardell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Oncol"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-006-0088-5","article-title":"Pooled analysis of two case-control studies on use of cellular and cordless telephones and the risk for malignant brain tumours diagnosed in 1997\u20132003.","volume":"79","author":"Hardell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit10","article-title":"Mobile Phones and Health","author":"Independent Expert Group on Mobile Phones","year":"2000"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noq077","article-title":"Brain cancer incidence trends in relation to cellular telephone use in the United States.","volume":"12","author":"Inskip","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurol Oncol"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200101113440201","article-title":"Cellular-telephone use and brain tumors.","volume":"344","author":"Inskip","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit13","unstructured":"International Telecommunication Union\n          . 2010. Key Global Telecom Indicators for the World Telecommunication Service Sector.Available: http:\/\/www.itu.int\/ITU- D\/ict\/statistics\/at_glance\/KeyTelecom.html [accessed 16 May 2011]."},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyq079","article-title":"Brain tumour risk in relation to mobile telephone use: results of the Interphone international case-control study.","volume":"39","author":"Interphone Study Group","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djr077","article-title":"Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, 1975\u20132007, featuring tumors of the brain and other nervous system.","volume":"103","author":"Kohler","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwr071","article-title":"Location of gliomas in relation to mobile phone use: a case-case and case-specular analysis.","volume":"174","author":"Larjavaara","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwi091","article-title":"Long-term mobile phone use and brain tumor risk.","volume":"161","author":"L\u00f6nn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3001","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.23.3001","article-title":"Handheld cellular telephone use and risk of brain cancer.","volume":"284","author":"Muscat","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1097\/01.cej.0000203618.61936.cd","article-title":"Cellular telephone use and time trends in brain tumour mortality in Switzerland from 1969 to 2002.","volume":"16","author":"Roosli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.22585","article-title":"Incidence of childhood central nervous system tumors in the Nordic countries.","volume":"56","author":"Schmidt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djj464","article-title":"Cellular telephone use and cancer risk: update of a nationwide Danish cohort.","volume":"98","author":"Sch\u00fcz","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit22","article-title":"Health Effects of EMF","author":"Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks","year":"2009"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604214","article-title":"Mobile phone use, exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic field, and brain tumour: a case-control study.","volume":"98","author":"Takebayashi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1038\/jes.2008.27","article-title":"Recall bias in the assessment of exposure to mobile phones.","volume":"19","author":"Vrijheid","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026080610044142000_micit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2004.019281","article-title":"Validation of short term recall of mobile phone use for the Interphone study.","volume":"63","author":"Vrijheid","year":"2006","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"}],"container-title":["Environmental Health Perspectives"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/evhpaz\/article-pdf\/119\/11\/1534\/66444414\/ehp.1103693.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/evhpaz\/article-pdf\/119\/11\/1534\/66444414\/ehp.1103693.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T13:56:28Z","timestamp":1786629388000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/evhpaz\/article-lookup\/doi\/10.1289\/ehp.1103693"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,1]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.1103693","relation":{},"ISSN":["0091-6765","1552-9924"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0091-6765","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-9924","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,1]]}}}