{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T19:42:20Z","timestamp":1790278940591,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,29]],"date-time":"2017-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2152,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Background: Animal studies suggest that early-life lead exposure influences gene expression and production of proteins associated with Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Objectives: We attempted to assess the relationship between early-life lead exposure and potential biomarkers for AD among young men and women. We also attempted to assess whether early-life lead exposure was associated with changes in expression of AD-related genes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods: We used sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to measure plasma concentrations of amyloid \u03b2 proteins A\u03b240 and A\u03b242 among 55 adults who had participated as newborns and young children in a prospective cohort study of the effects of lead exposure on development. We used RNA microarray techniques to analyze gene expression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: Mean plasma A\u03b242 concentrations were lower among 13 participants with high umbilical cord blood lead concentrations (\u2265 10 \u03bcg\/dL) than in 42 participants with lower cord blood lead concentrations (p = 0.08). Among 10 participants with high prenatal lead exposure, we found evidence of an inverse relationship between umbilical cord lead concentration and expression of ADAM metallopeptidase domain 9 (ADAM9), reticulon 4 (RTN4), and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein associated protein 1 (LRPAP1) genes, whose products are believed to affect A\u03b2 production and deposition. Gene network analysis suggested enrichment in gene sets involved in nerve growth and general cell development.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions: Data from our exploratory study suggest that prenatal lead exposure may influence A\u03b2-related biological pathways that have been implicated in AD onset. Gene network analysis identified further candidates to study the mechanisms of developmental lead neurotoxicity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1104474","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,7]],"date-time":"2012-02-07T11:20:22Z","timestamp":1328613622000},"page":"702-707","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Prenatal Lead Levels, Plasma Amyloid \u03b2 Levels, and Gene Expression in Young Adulthood"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"Maitreyi","family":"Mazumdar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Children\u2019s Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiming","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Hofmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Gregas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Children\u2019s Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Clinical Research Program, Children\u2019s Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shannan Ho","family":"Sui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Winston","family":"Hide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herbert L.","family":"Needleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David C.","family":"Bellinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Children\u2019s Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026080314054326300_micit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2007.09.058","article-title":"The influence of diagnosis, intra- and inter-person variability on serum and plasma Abeta levels.","volume":"428","author":"Abdullah","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"2026080314054326300_micit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10737","article-title":"ADAMs family members as amyloid precursor protein \u03b1-secretases.","volume":"74","author":"Allinson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"2026080314054326300_micit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.311.6998.171","article-title":"Fetal origins of coronary heart disease.","volume":"311","author":"Barker","year":"1995","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026080314054326300_micit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)91340-1","article-title":"Infant mortality, childhood nutrition, and ischaemic heart disease in England and Wales.","volume":"1","author":"Barker","year":"1986","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026080314054326300_micit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4335-04.2005","article-title":"The fetal basis of amyloidogenesis: exposure to lead and latent overexpression of amyloid precursor protein and \u03b2-amyloid in the aging brain.","volume":"25","author":"Basha","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2026080314054326300_micit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.S3.1016","volume":"113","author":"Bellinger","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lead. 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