{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T05:18:27Z","timestamp":1790918307563,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,29]],"date-time":"2017-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3566,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Air pollutants may induce airway inflammation and sensitization due to generation of reactive oxygen species. The genetic background to these mechanisms could be important effect modifiers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our goal was to assess interactions between exposure to air pollution and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the \u03b22-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2), glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) genes for development of childhood allergic disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a birth cohort originally of 4,089 children, we assessed air pollution from local traffic using nitrogen oxides (traffic NOx) as an indicator based on emission databases and dispersion modeling and estimated individual exposure through geocoding of home addresses. We measured peak expiratory flow rates and specific IgE for inhalant and food allergens at 4 years of age, and selected children with asthma symptoms up to 4 years of age (n = 542) and controls (n = 542) for genotyping.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Interaction effects on allergic sensitization were indicated between several GSTP1 SNPs and traffic NOx exposure during the first year of life (pnominal &amp;lt; 0.001\u20130.06). Children with Ile105Val\/Val105Val genotypes were at increased risk of sensitization to any allergen when exposed to elevated levels of traffic NOx (for a difference between the 5th and 95th percentile of exposure: odds ratio = 2.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.0\u20135.3). In children with TNF-308 GA\/AA genotypes, the GSTP1\u2013NOx interaction effect was even more pronounced. We observed no conclusive interaction effects for ADRB2.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The effect of air pollution from traffic on childhood allergy appears to be modified by GSTP1 and TNF variants, supporting a role of genes controlling the antioxidative system and inflammatory response in allergy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.11117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,24]],"date-time":"2008-03-24T11:03:41Z","timestamp":1206356621000},"page":"1077-1084","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":114,"title":["Interactions between Glutathione\n                    <i>S-<\/i>\n                    Transferase P1, Tumor Necrosis Factor, and Traffic-Related Air Pollution for Development of Childhood Allergic Disease"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Erik","family":"Mel\u00e9n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Astrid Lindgren Children\u2019s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fredrik","family":"Nyberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"AstraZeneca R&D M\u00f6lndal, M\u00f6lndal, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia M.","family":"Lindgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences at Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United 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