{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T23:18:52Z","timestamp":1789427932613,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,29]],"date-time":"2017-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3377,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Childhood respiratory allergies, which contribute to missed school days and other activity limitations, have increased in recent years, possibly due to environmental factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study we examined whether air pollutants are associated with childhood respiratory allergies in the United States.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For the approximately 70,000 children from the 1999\u20132005 National Health Interview Survey eligible for this study, we assigned between 40,000 and 60,000 ambient pollution monitoring data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, depending on the pollutant. We used monitors within 20 miles of the child\u2019s residential block group. We used logistic regression models, fit with methods for complex surveys, to examine the associations between the reporting of respiratory allergy or hay fever and annual average exposure to particulate matter \u2264 2.5 \u03bcm in diameter (PM2.5), PM \u2264 10 \u03bcm in diameter, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide and summer exposure to ozone, controlling for demographic and geographic factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Increased respiratory allergy\/hay fever was associated with increased summer O3 levels [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) per 10 ppb = 1.20; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.15\u20131.26] and increased PM2.5 (AOR per 10 \u03bcg\/m3 = 1.23; 95% CI, 1.10\u20131.38). These associations persisted after stratification by urban\u2013rural status, inclusion of multiple pollutants, and definition of exposures by differing exposure radii. No associations between the other pollutants and the reporting respiratory allergy\/hay fever were apparent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results provide evidence of adverse health for children living in areas with chronic exposure to higher levels of O3 and PM2.5 compared with children with lower exposures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.11497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,30]],"date-time":"2008-09-30T12:17:23Z","timestamp":1222777043000},"page":"140-147","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Air Pollution and Childhood Respiratory Allergies in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Jennifer D.","family":"Parker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, Maryland, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara J.","family":"Akinbami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, Maryland, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracey J.","family":"Woodruff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California\u2013San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026080504110891100_micit1","article-title":"The State of Childhood Asthma in the United States 1980\u20132005","volume-title":"Advance Data from Vital and Health Statistics, No. 381","author":"Akinbami","year":"2006"},{"key":"2026080504110891100_micit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2007.02.022","article-title":"Residential proximity fine particles related to allergic sensitization and asthma in primary school children","volume":"101","author":"Annesi-Maesano","year":"2007","journal-title":"Resp Med"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"2026080504110891100_micit3","first-page":"2","article-title":"Air pollution and allergens","volume":"17","author":"Bartra","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Invest Allergol Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2026080504110891100_micit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1080\/15287390701598234","article-title":"Children\u2019s response to air pollutants","volume":"71","author":"Bateson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Toxicol Environ Health A"},{"key":"2026080504110891100_micit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2004.11.003","article-title":"Current concepts and therapeutic strategies for allergic rhinitis in school-age children","volume":"26","author":"Blaiss","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"issue":"234","key":"2026080504110891100_micit6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Summary health statistics for U.S. children: National Health Interview Survey, 2006. 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