{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T14:30:48Z","timestamp":1786631448303,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,29]],"date-time":"2017-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1779,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Background: Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are persistent, synthetic industrial chemicals. Perfluorinated compounds are linked to health impacts that may be relevant to osteoarthritis, cartilage repair, and inflammatory responses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Objectives: We investigated whether PFOA and PFOS exposures are associated with prevalence of osteoarthritis, and whether associations differ between men and women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods: We used multiple logistic regression to estimate associations between serum PFOA and PFOS concentrations and self-reported diagnosis of osteoarthritis in persons 20\u201384 years of age who participated in NHANES during 2003\u20132008. We adjusted for potential confounders including age, income, and race\/ethnicity. Effects by sex were estimated using stratified models and interaction terms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: Those in the highest exposure quartile had higher odds of osteoarthritis compared with those in the lowest quartile [odds ratio (OR) for PFOA = 1.55; 95% CI: 0.99, 2.43; OR for PFOS = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.05, 2.96]. When stratifying by sex, we found positive associations for women, but not men. Women in the highest quartiles of PFOA and PFOS exposure had higher odds of osteoarthritis compared with those in the lowest quartiles (OR for PFOA = 1.98; 95% CI: 1.24, 3.19 and OR for PFOS = 1.73; 95% CI: 0.97, 3.10).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions: Higher concentrations of serum PFOA were associated with osteoarthritis in women, but not men. PFOS was also associated with osteoarthritis in women only, though effect estimates for women were not significant. More research is needed to clarify potential differences in susceptibility between women and men with regard to possible effects of these and other endocrine-disrupting chemicals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1205673","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,14]],"date-time":"2013-02-14T08:11:31Z","timestamp":1360829491000},"page":"447-452","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Association of Osteoarthritis with Perfluorooctanoate and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in NHANES 2003\u20132008"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Sarah A.","family":"Uhl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamarra","family":"James-Todd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle L.","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114939","article-title":"Factors associated with osteoarthritis of the knee in the first national Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HANES I). Evidence for an association with overweight, race, and physical demands of work.","volume":"128","author":"Anderson","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901252","article-title":"Rate of decline in serum PFOA concentrations after granular activated carbon filtration at two public water systems in Ohio and West Virginia.","volume":"118","author":"Bartell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A250","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.115-a250","article-title":"Perfluoroalkyl acids: what is the evidence telling us?","volume":"115","author":"Betts","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit4","first-page":"S230","article-title":"The economic burden of osteoarthritis.","volume":"15","author":"Bitton","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2006.04.011","article-title":"Activity limitations in the lower extremities in patients with osteoarthritis: the modifying effects of illness perceptions and mental health.","volume":"14","author":"Botha-Scheepers","year":"2006","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2010.03.007","article-title":"Two-year follow-up biomonitoring pilot study of residents\u2019 and controls\u2019 PFC plasma levels after PFOA reduction in public water system in Arnsberg, Germany.","volume":"213","author":"Brede","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Hyg Environ Health"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.10598","article-title":"Polyfluoroalkyl chemicals in the U.S. population: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003\u20132004 and comparisons with NHANES 1999\u20132000.","volume":"115","author":"Calafat","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit8","unstructured":"CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)\n          . 2011a. About the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Available: http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/nhanes\/about_nhanes.htm [accessed 14 April 2012]."},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit9","unstructured":"CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)\n          . 2011b. Continuous NHANES Web Tutorial. Task 1: Specify Sampling Parameters in NHANES Using SUDAAN or SAS Survey Procedures.Available: http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/tutorials\/nhanes\/surveydesign\/SampleDesign\/intro.htm [accessed 20 April 2012]."},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit10","unstructured":"CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)\n          . 2011c. Osteoarthritis.Available: http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/arthritis\/basics\/osteoarthritis.htm [accessed 14 April 2012]."},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1080\/10408440802209804","article-title":"Immunotoxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate and the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha.","volume":"39","author":"DeWitt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit Rev Toxicol"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2010.04.024","article-title":"Genotoxic potential of the perfluorinated chemicals PFOA, PFOS, PFBS, PFNA and PFHxA in human HepG2 cells.","volume":"700","author":"Eriksen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mutat Res"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit13","article-title":"Organic fluorocompounds in human plasma: prevalence and characterization. In: Biochemistry Involving Carbon-Fluorine Bonds (Filler R, ed). ACS Symposium Series no. 28","author":"Guy WS, Taves DR, Brey WS Jr","year":"1976"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1104034","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to perfluorooctanoate and risk of overweight at 20 years of age: a prospective cohort study.","volume":"120","author":"Halldorsson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwr107","article-title":"Association of osteoarthritis with serum levels of the environmental contaminants perfluorooctanoate and perfluorooctane sulfonate in a large Appalachian population.","volume":"174","author":"Innes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.2008.00870.x","article-title":"Emerging endocrine disrupters: perfluoroalkylated substances.","volume":"31","author":"Jensen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Androl"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8037","DOI":"10.1021\/es1043613","article-title":"Trends in exposure to polyfluorinated chemicals in the U.S. population: 1999\u20132008.","volume":"45","author":"Kato","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1038\/35013000","article-title":"Roles of PPARs in health and disease.","volume":"405","author":"Kersten","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2011.01.002","article-title":"Mechanism of cytotoxic action of perfluorinated acids. III. Disturbance in Ca2+ homeostasis.","volume":"251","author":"Kleszczyn\u2019ski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6085","DOI":"10.1021\/ac050671l","article-title":"Measurement of 18 perfluorinated organic acids and amides in human serum using on-line solid-phase extraction.","volume":"77","author":"Kuklenyik","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfm128","article-title":"Perfluoroalkyl acids: a review of monitoring and toxicological findings.","volume":"99","author":"Lau","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23176","article-title":"Estimates of the prevalence of arthritis and other rheumatic conditions in the United States. Part II.","volume":"58","author":"Lawrence","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2011.04.016","article-title":"Possible mechanism of perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoate on the release of calcium ion from calcium stores in primary cultures of rat hippocampal neurons.","volume":"25","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Toxicol In Vitro"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1053\/joca.1997.0098","article-title":"Clinical validation of self-reported osteoarthritis.","volume":"6","author":"March","year":"1998","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1103582","article-title":"Relationship between urinary phthalate and bisphenol A concentrations and serum thyroid measures in U.S. adults and adolescents from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007\u20132008.","volume":"119","author":"Meeker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit26","article-title":"U.S. and International Biomonitoring Efforts. In: Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals (Committee on Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Toxicants, ed)","author":"National Research Council","year":"2006"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901165","article-title":"Exposure to polyfluoroalkyl chemicals and cholesterol, body weight, and insulin resistance in the general U.S. population.","volume":"118","author":"Nelson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.10009","article-title":"Half-life of serum elimination of perfluorooctanesulfonate, perfluorohexanesulfonate, and perfluorooctanoate in retired fluorochemical production workers.","volume":"115","author":"Olsen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2009.06.010","article-title":"High-dose, short-term exposure of mice to perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) or perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) affects the number of circulating neutrophils differently, but enhances the inflammatory responses of macrophages to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in a similar fashion.","volume":"262","author":"Qazi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1080\/15287391003689317","article-title":"Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in human microvascular endothelial cells: role in endothelial permeability.","volume":"73","author":"Qian","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Toxicol Environ Health A"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2012.01.014","article-title":"Perfluorooctanoic acid induces mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation by the release of histamine and inflammatory mediators.","volume":"210","author":"Singh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfl014","article-title":"Differential activation of nuclear receptors by perfluorinated fatty acid analogs and natural fatty acids: a comparison of human, mouse, and rat peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-\u03b1, -\u03b2, and -\u03b3, liver X receptor-\u03b2, and retinoid X receptor-\u03b1.","volume":"92","author":"Vanden Heuvel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"2026080505044497100_micit33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002572","article-title":"Renal function, bisphenol A, and alkylphenols: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2003\u20132006).","volume":"119","author":"You","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"}],"container-title":["Environmental Health Perspectives"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/evhpaz\/article-pdf\/121\/4\/447\/66402671\/ehp.1205673.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/evhpaz\/article-pdf\/121\/4\/447\/66402671\/ehp.1205673.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T13:43:42Z","timestamp":1786628622000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/evhpaz\/article-lookup\/doi\/10.1289\/ehp.1205673"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,14]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.1205673","relation":{},"ISSN":["0091-6765","1552-9924"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0091-6765","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-9924","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,14]]}}}