{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T02:35:02Z","timestamp":1792290902042,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":140,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,29]],"date-time":"2017-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1821,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Background: Concerns for arsenic exposure are not limited to toxic waste sites and massive poisoning events. Chronic exposure continues to be a major public health problem worldwide, affecting hundreds of millions of persons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Objectives: We reviewed recent information on worldwide concerns for arsenic exposures and public health to heighten awareness of the current scope of arsenic exposure and health outcomes and the importance of reducing exposure, particularly during pregnancy and early life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods: We synthesized the large body of current research pertaining to arsenic exposure and health outcomes with an emphasis on recent publications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Discussion: Locations of high arsenic exposure via drinking water span from Bangladesh, Chile, and Taiwan to the United States. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level (MCL) in drinking water is 10 \u00b5g\/L; however, concentrations of &amp;gt; 3,000 \u00b5g\/L have been found in wells in the United States. In addition, exposure through diet is of growing concern. Knowledge of the scope of arsenic-associated health effects has broadened; arsenic leaves essentially no bodily system untouched. Arsenic is a known carcinogen associated with skin, lung, bladder, kidney, and liver cancer. Dermatological, developmental, neurological, respiratory, cardiovascular, immunological, and endocrine effects are also evident. Most remarkably, early-life exposure may be related to increased risks for several types of cancer and other diseases during adulthood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions: These data call for heightened awareness of arsenic-related pathologies in broader contexts than previously perceived. Testing foods and drinking water for arsenic, including individual private wells, should be a top priority to reduce exposure, particularly for pregnant women and children, given the potential for life-long effects of developmental exposure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1205875","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,4]],"date-time":"2013-01-04T09:19:17Z","timestamp":1357291157000},"page":"295-302","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1267,"title":["The Broad Scope of Health Effects from Chronic Arsenic Exposure: Update on a Worldwide Public Health Problem"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Marisa F.","family":"Naujokas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MDB Inc., Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beth","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Superfund Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Habibul","family":"Ahsan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Studies,"},{"name":"Department of Human Genetics, and"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. Vasken","family":"Aposhian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph H.","family":"Graziano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Susceptibility and Population Health Branch, Superfund Research Program, NIEHS, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William A.","family":"Suk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Superfund Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026080505051691500_micit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1103988","article-title":"Arsenic exposure and hypertension: a systematic review.","volume":"120","author":"Abhyankar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2026080505051691500_micit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/198793","article-title":"The association between chronic arsenic exposure and hypertension: a meta-analysis.","volume":"198793","author":"Abir","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Toxicol"},{"issue":"6753","key":"2026080505051691500_micit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1038\/44052","article-title":"Arsenic poisoning in the Ganges delta","volume":"401","author":"Acharyya","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026080505051691500_micit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1039\/C1MT00133G","article-title":"Individual variations in arsenic metabolism in Vietnamese: the association with arsenic exposure and GSTP1 genetic polymorphism.","volume":"4","author":"Agusa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Metallomics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026080505051691500_micit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfs202","article-title":"In utero arsenic exposure is associated with impaired thymic function in newborns possibly via oxidative stress and apoptosis.","volume":"129","author":"Ahmed","year":"2012","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"2026080505051691500_micit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002086","article-title":"Arsenic-associated oxidative stress, inflammation, and immune disruption in human placenta and cord blood.","volume":"119","author":"Ahmed","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026080505051691500_micit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-06-0676","article-title":"Arsenic metabolism, genetic susceptibility, and risk of premalignant skin lesions in Bangladesh.","volume":"16","author":"Ahsan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026080505051691500_micit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jea.7500449","article-title":"Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study (HEALS): description of a multidisciplinary epidemiologic investigation.","volume":"16","author":"Ahsan","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026080505051691500_micit9","first-page":"97","article-title":"Arsenic speciation and toxicity in biological systems.","volume":"184","author":"Akter","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rev Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"2026080505051691500_micit10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.10861","article-title":"Drinking-water arsenic exposure modulates gene expression in human lymphocytes from a U.S. population.","volume":"116","author":"Andrew","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2026080505051691500_micit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anning\n              DW\n            , PaulAP, McKinneyTS, HuntingtonJM, BexfieldLM, ThirosSA. 2012. 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