{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T14:35:52Z","timestamp":1786631752274,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,29]],"date-time":"2017-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1305,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Background: House dust is a major source of exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), which are found at high levels in U.S. homes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods: We studied 167 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cases 0\u20137 years of age and 214 birth certificate controls matched on date of birth, sex, and race\/ethnicity from the Northern California Childhood Leukemia Study. In 2001\u20132007, we sampled carpets in the room where the child spent the most time while awake; we used a high-volume small-surface sampler or we took dust from the home vacuum. We measured concentrations of 14 PBDE congeners including penta (28, 47, 99, 100, 153, 154), octa (183, 196, 197, 203), and decaBDEs (206\u2013209). Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using logistic regression, adjusting for demographics, income, year of dust collection, and sampling method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: BDE-47, BDE-99, and BDE-209 were found at the highest concentrations (medians, 1,173, 1,579, and 938 ng\/g, respectively). Comparing the highest to lowest quartile, we found no association with ALL for summed pentaBDEs (OR = 0.7; 95% CI: 0.4, 1.3), octaBDEs (OR = 1.3; 95% CI: 0.7, 2.3), or decaBDEs (OR = 1.0; 95% CI: 0.6, 1.8). Comparing homes in the highest concentration (nanograms per gram) tertile to those with no detections, we observed significantly increased ALL risk for BDE-196 (OR = 2.1; 95% CI: 1.1, 3.8), BDE-203 (OR = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.1, 3.6), BDE-206 (OR = 2.1; 95% CI: 1.1, 3.9), and BDE-207 (OR = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.03, 3.8).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion: We found no association with ALL for common PBDEs, but we observed positive associations for specific octa and nonaBDEs. Additional studies with repeated sampling and biological measures would be informative.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Citation: Ward MH, Colt JS, Deziel NC, Whitehead TP, Reynolds P, Gunier RB, Nishioka M, Dahl GV, Rappaport SM, Buffler PA, Metayer C. 2014. Residential levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in California. Environ Health Perspect 122:1110\u20131116;\u2002http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.1307602<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1307602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,3]],"date-time":"2014-06-03T13:22:57Z","timestamp":1401801777000},"page":"1110-1116","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Residential Levels of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in California"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Mary H.","family":"Ward","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"},{"name":"These authors contributed equally to this work."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne S.","family":"Colt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"},{"name":"These authors contributed equally to this work."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole C.","family":"Deziel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd P.","family":"Whitehead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, Berkeley, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peggy","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Berkeley, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert B.","family":"Gunier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, Berkeley, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcia","family":"Nishioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary V.","family":"Dahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lucile Packard Children\u2019s Hospital at Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen M.","family":"Rappaport","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, Berkeley, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia A.","family":"Buffler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, Berkeley, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Metayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, Berkeley, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026080605013723100_micit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2008.03.006","article-title":"Critical factors in assessing exposure to PBDEs via house 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Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Decabromodiphenyl Oxide (CAS No. 1163-19-5) in F344\/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Studies). 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