{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T10:00:07Z","timestamp":1791280807128,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,29]],"date-time":"2017-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1025,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although prenatal methylmercury exposure has been linked to poorer intellectual function in several studies, data from two major prospective, longitudinal studies yielded contradictory results. Associations with cognitive deficits were reported in a Faroe Islands cohort, but few were found in a study in the Seychelles Islands. It has been suggested that co-exposure to another contaminant, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), may be responsible for the positive findings in the former study and that co-exposure to nutrients in methylmercury-contaminated fish may have obscured and\/or protected against adverse effects in the latter.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to determine the degree to which co-exposure to PCBs may account for the adverse effects of methylmercury and the degree to which co-exposure to docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may obscure these effects in a sample of Inuit children in Arctic Qu\u00e9bec.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IQ was estimated in 282 school-age children from whom umbilical cord blood samples had been obtained and analyzed for mercury and other environmental exposures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prenatal mercury exposure was related to poorer estimated IQ after adjustment for potential confounding variables. The entry of DHA into the model significantly strengthened the association with mercury, supporting the hypothesis that beneficial effects from DHA intake can obscure adverse effects of mercury exposure. Children with cord mercury \u2265 7.5 \u03bcg\/L were four times as likely to have an IQ score &amp;lt; 80, the clinical cut-off for borderline intellectual disability. Co-exposure to PCBs did not alter the association of mercury with IQ.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To our knowledge, this is the first study to document an association of prenatal mercury exposure with poorer performance on a school-age assessment of IQ, a measure whose relevance for occupational success in adulthood is well established. This association was seen at levels in the range within which many U.S. children of Asian-American background are exposed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Citation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Jacobson JL, Muckle G, Ayotte P, Dewailly \u00c9, Jacobson SW. 2015. Relation of prenatal methylmercury exposure from environmental sources to childhood IQ. Environ Health Perspect 123:827\u2013833;\u2002http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.1408554<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1408554","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,10]],"date-time":"2015-03-10T12:10:59Z","timestamp":1425989459000},"page":"827-833","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":113,"title":["Relation of Prenatal Methylmercury Exposure from Environmental Sources to Childhood IQ"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Joseph L.","family":"Jacobson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gina","family":"Muckle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Laval and Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Ayotte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Laval and Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c9ric","family":"Dewailly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Laval and Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra W.","family":"Jacobson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026080606032836600_micit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.54.5.587","article-title":"Intra-uterine methylmercury poisoning in Iraq.","volume":"54","author":"Amin-Zaki","year":"1974","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2026080606032836600_micit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.6054","article-title":"Assessment of pre- and postnatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls: lessons from the Inuit Cohort Study.","volume":"111","author":"Ayotte","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2026080606032836600_micit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.90.6.855","article-title":"Low-level lead exposure, intelligence and academic achievement: a long-term follow-up study.","volume":"90","author":"Bellinger","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2026080606032836600_micit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1206323","article-title":"Domain-specific effects of prenatal exposure to PCBs, mercury, and lead on infant cognition: results from the Environmental Contaminants and Child Development Study in Nunavik.","volume":"122","author":"Boucher","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2026080606032836600_micit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.9738","article-title":"Separation of risks and benefits of seafood intake.","volume":"115","author":"Budtz-J\u00f8rgensen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2026080606032836600_micit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A236","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.107-1566427","article-title":"Methylmercury neurotoxicity independent of PCB exposure.","volume":"107","author":"Budtz-J\u00f8rgensen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2026080606032836600_micit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022848","article-title":"Intellectual impairment in children with blood lead concentrations below 10 \u03bcg per deciliter.","volume":"348","author":"Canfield","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026080606032836600_micit8","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.\n          \n          2005. 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