{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T14:38:51Z","timestamp":1786631931211,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,29]],"date-time":"2017-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4120,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Industrial waste (which is composed of various toxic chemicals), changes to the disposal process, and addition of chemicals should all be monitored and controlled carefully in the industrial waste industry to reduce the health hazard to workers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five workers in an industrial waste plant developed acute toxic hepatitis, one of whom died after 3 months due to fulminant hepatitis. In the plant, we detected several chemicals with hepatotoxic potential, including pyridine, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, and methylenedianiline. The workers had been working in the high-vapor-generating area of the plant, and the findings of pathologic examination showed typical features of acute toxic hepatitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Infectious hepatitis and drug-induced hepatitis were excluded by laboratory findings, as well as the clinical course of hepatitis. All cases of toxic hepatitis in this plant developed after the change of the disposal process to thermochemical reaction\u2013type treatment using unslaked lime reacted with industrial wastes. During this chemical reaction, vapor containing several toxic materials was generated. Although we could not confirm the definitive causative chemical, we suspect that these cases of hepatitis were caused by one of the hepatotoxic agents or by a synergistic interaction among several of them.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Relevance to clinical or professional practice<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the industrial waste treatment process, the danger of developing toxic hepatitis should be kept in mind, because any subtle change of the treatment process can generate various toxic materials and threaten the workers\u2019 health. A mixture of hepatotoxic chemicals can induce clinical manifestations that are quite different from those predicted by the toxic property of a single agent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8951","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,18]],"date-time":"2006-09-18T11:43:45Z","timestamp":1158579825000},"page":"107-112","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Grand Rounds: An Outbreak of Toxic Hepatitis among Industrial Waste Disposal Workers"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Hae-Kwan","family":"Cheong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun A","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Incheon, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung-Keun","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Incheon, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung-Bong","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Incheon, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong-Ill","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dae Seob","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung Ran","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026080312071342500_micit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840220320","article-title":"Diclofenac-associated hepatotoxicity: analysis of 180 cases reported to the Food and Drug Administration as adverse reactions","volume":"22","author":"Banks","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2026080312071342500_micit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1984.tb132915.x","article-title":"Occupational hepatitis caused by methylenedianiline","volume":"141","author":"Bastian","year":"1984","journal-title":"Med J Austral"},{"key":"2026080312071342500_micit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1179\/oeh.1997.3.1.1","article-title":"Toxic hepatitis from dimethylacetamide","volume":"3","author":"Baum","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"2026080312071342500_micit4","first-page":"205","article-title":"Hepatic and renal injury with calcium deposits and cirrhosis produced in rats by pyridine","volume":"26","author":"Baxter","year":"1947","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"2026080312071342500_micit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(90)90124-A","article-title":"Criteria of drug-induced liver disorders. 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